Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christian Rhudy, Courtney L. Perry, Michael Singleton, Jeffery Talbert, Terrence A. Barrett
Summary: Chronic opioid use is associated with higher risk of early discontinuation of biologic therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Patients with chronic opioid use tend to utilize a greater number of different biologic agents and have lower persistence with biologic therapies. Symptoms of opioid withdrawal may lead to inappropriate switching of biologic therapies and compromise disease control.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nikki Bozinoff, Siyu Men, Paul Kurdyak, Peter Selby, Tara Gomes
Summary: This population-based cohort study found that tapering buprenorphine after at least 1 year of therapy, a slower rate of taper, and a lower percentage of days with dose decrease were significantly associated with a lower risk of opioid overdose. These findings underscore the importance of a carefully planned taper in reducing opioid-related overdose deaths.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Michael Soyka
Summary: Methadone and buprenorphine are commonly used medications in opioid maintenance treatment, with no established algorithm for transitioning between them. Transfer is recommended for patients on low doses of methadone, but there are reports suggesting transition from higher doses may be possible. Various dosing strategies have been proposed to alleviate withdrawal symptoms and facilitate transfer.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Hongsong Feng, Rui Wang, Chang-Guo Zhan, Guo-Wei Wei
Summary: In this study, a deep generative model combining a stochastic differential equation (SDE)-based diffusion model with a pretrained autoencoder is proposed. The model efficiently generates molecules targeting multiple opioid receptors and evaluates their ADMET properties. Molecular optimization is performed to enhance the pharmacokinetic properties of lead compounds. Advanced binding affinity predictors are built using molecular fingerprints, providing a valuable tool for evaluating the pharmacological effects of the generated molecules.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sebastiano Mercadante, Claudio Adile, Patrizia Ferrera, Maria Caterina Pallotti, Marianna Ricci, Giuseppe Bonanno, Alessandra Casuccio
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of methadone as a first-line therapy in patients receiving low doses of opioids or none. Results showed that methadone provided good analgesia with limited adverse effects and minimal opioid-induced tolerance.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Andi Camden, Teresa To, Joel G. Ray, Tara Gomes, Li Bai, Astrid Guttmann
Summary: Early identification of people who use opioids in pregnancy is crucial for improving health outcomes for pregnant individuals and infants. This study categorized individuals who used opioids during pregnancy into distinct clinical groups and found that these groups were associated with varying levels of risk for postpartum drug overdose or death.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tara Gomes, Tonya J. Campbell, Sophie A. Kitchen, Ria Garg, Nikki Bozinoff, Siyu Men, Mina Tadrous, Charlotte Munro, Tony Antoniou, Dan Werb, Jennifer Wyman
Summary: A retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic found that providing increased take-home doses of opioid agonist therapy was associated with lower risks of treatment interruption and discontinuation. The study did not show a significant increase in opioid-related overdoses over 6 months of follow-up.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Emese Zsiros, Jason Ricciuti, Steven Gallo, Deanna Argentieri, Kristopher Attwood, Wenyan Ji, Alan Hutson, Paul Visco, Devon Coffey, Grazyna Riebandt, Jaron Mark, Aaron Varghese, Suzanne M. Hess, Thomas Furlani, Andrew Fabiano, Mark Hennon, Sai Yendamuri, Eric C. Kauffman, Kimberly E. Wooten, Wesley L. Hicks, Jessica Young, Kazuaki Takabe, Kunle Odunsi, Amy A. Case, Brahm H. Segal, Candace S. Johnson, Boris Kuvshinoff, Steven Nurkin, Gyorgy Paragh, Oscar de Leon-Casasola
Summary: Restricting the prescription of opioids to 3 or fewer days after surgery can effectively manage postsurgical acute pain and reduce the risk of chronic opioid use in surgical patients.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Anna E. Austin, Vito Di Bona, Mary E. Cox, Scott K. Proescholdbell, Rebecca B. Naumann
Summary: This study aims to compare the mortality rate and causes of mortality among infants with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome, taking into account whether their mothers received medication for opioid use disorder during pregnancy. The results show that infants of mothers who did not receive medication for opioid use disorder had a higher mortality rate, primarily due to sudden unexpected infant death syndrome. This highlights the importance of assessing potential differences in outcomes according to whether infants with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome were exposed to medication for opioid use disorder, and calls for equitable access to medication and support services during pregnancy.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Jessica Delorme, Celian Bertin, Noemie Delage, Alain Eschalier, Denis Ardid, Nicolas Authier, Chouki Chenaf
Summary: This study used the capture-recapture method to estimate the prevalence of chronic pain in opioid-maintained patients, finding that the prevalence of chronic pain in this group was 3- to 4-fold higher than in the general population.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marc Lopez-Cano, Joan Font, Ester Aso, Kristoffer Sahlholm, Gisela Cabre, Jesus Giraldo, Yves De Koninck, Jordi Hernando, Amadeu Llebaria, Victor Fernandez-Duenas, Francisco Ciruela
Summary: Photopharmacology offers a promising approach to improve the benefit/risk profiles of opioid-based drugs. This study successfully developed a morphine photo-derivative that can be activated by light, providing effective analgesia without the occurrence of tolerance or associated opioid-related side effects.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Angelica Cruz-Lebron, Ramona Johnson, Claire Mazahery, Zach Troyer, Samira Joussef-Pina, Miguel E. Quinones-Mateu, Christopher M. Strauch, Stanley L. Hazen, Alan D. Levine
Summary: Chronic opioid use leads to dysbiosis in the gut microbiome, resulting in compromised intestinal barrier integrity and reduced levels of short-chain fatty acids. The study shows that metabolites produced by Akkermansia muciniphila can modulate intestinal barrier integrity, offering potential therapeutic benefits. Therefore, enhancing the therapeutic potential of A. muciniphila and developing new clinical strategies to normalize the gut microbiome may provide effective treatment for individuals affected by chronic opioid use.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah M. Hartz, Robert C. Culverhouse, Carrie M. Mintz, Matthew S. Ellis, Zachary A. Kasper, Patricia Cavazos-Rehg, Richard A. Grucza, Laura J. Bierut, Theodore J. Cicero
Summary: Chronic pain is associated with opioid overdose, and incorporating treatment for chronic pain may reduce the occurrence of opioid overdoses.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
J. Deanna Wilson, Kaleab Z. Abebe, Kevin Kraemer, Jane Liebschutz, Jessica Merlin, Elizabeth Miller, David Kelley, Julie Donohue
Summary: This study identified two trajectories of opioid prescribing patterns in opioid-naive youths, with high-risk trajectory associated with older age and longer, more potent initial prescriptions. Even short and low-dose opioid prescriptions can be associated with risks of persistent opioid use for youths.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marc R. Larochelle, Sara Lodi, Shapei Yan, Barbara A. Clothier, Elizabeth S. Goldsmith, Amy S. B. Bohnert
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between opioid tapering or abrupt discontinuation and opioid overdose and suicide events among patients receiving stable long-term opioid therapy without evidence of opioid misuse. The results showed a small increase in risk of harms associated with opioid tapering compared with a stable opioid dosage. These findings suggest that mandatory dosage tapering policies for individuals receiving a stable long-term opioid dosage without evidence of opioid misuse may not reduce short-term harm via suicide and overdose.