Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oscar Morton, Brett R. Scheffers, Torbjorn Haugaasen, David P. Edwards
Summary: We assessed the trade volumes of threatened and non-threatened species regulated by CITES and found that non-threatened species dominate the trade. We also discovered a disconnect between trade volumes and changing extinction risk, highlighting potential drawbacks in the current regulation of species trade.
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Yifu Wang, Samuel T. Turvey, Nigel Leader-Williams
Summary: A better understanding and regulation of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) trade is crucial for global biodiversity conservation, especially in China, where TCM is widely practiced and traded. Language, cultural, and knowledge barriers have hindered progress in this area. This paper provides an overview of the current status of TCM-related regulations in China, identifies weaknesses in regulation frameworks, and proposes changes in trade regulations and law enforcement actions for a more sustainable TCM trade.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Liyao Xiang, Zaoyu Chen, Shaobin Wei, Haiyan Zhou
Summary: This article analyzes the trade data of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) products from 2001 to 2020 to examine the evolution of global trade patterns. The findings show that the total trade volume of TCM products is increasing, and the trade network is controlled by a few countries. China's position in the global trade network has improved, and there is a trend of increasing trade volume with various countries.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Song Li, Zhengzhi Wu, Weidong Le
Summary: In Western medicine, dementia affects cognition, mental health, and physical abilities, while Traditional Chinese Medicine explains it from the perspectives of brain dystrophy, Spleen-Kidney weakness, Blood stasis, and Phlegm stagnation. Ancient Chinese physicians believed that dementia manifests not only as cognitive symptoms but also as psychiatric disorders and sleep disturbance, offering various treatment methods.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2021)
Review
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Shuang Zhu, Qiaozhen Liu, Simin Qiu, Jiangpeng Dai, Xiaoxia Gao
Summary: In this study, the application of DNA barcoding in identifying Chinese herbs listed in the Chinese pharmacopoeia was summarized. The strengths and limitations of barcodes and their derivative technologies were illustrated, along with the advances in using machine learning for plant species identification. The selection process for an ideal DNA barcoding technique for accurate identification of TCM plant species was also outlined.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Taku Kadoya, Yayoi Takeuchi, Yushin Shinoda, Keisuke Nansai
Summary: Forest disturbance, especially shifting agriculture, is a major driver of forest biodiversity decline at a global scale. This study quantifies the spatial overlaps between threatened terrestrial vertebrate species and five major forest disturbance drivers, revealing the varying importance of each driver among species groups and geographic regions. Combining forest disturbance maps and species ranges can help prioritize conservation efforts to reduce further biodiversity loss.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lei Li, Man Wang, Jikuai Chen, Juelin Chen, Yawei Wang, Minghao Zhao, Qing Song, Shuogui Xu
Summary: As global warming continues, heat waves are becoming more frequent and intense, leading to an increase in the incidence of heat stroke. Heat stroke is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and further research is urgently needed to address this issue. Traditional Chinese medicine offers potential treatment methods, including herbal therapies and external treatments, which may provide clinical benefits and research directions for heat stroke.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Florian Fumy, Thomas Fartmann
Summary: This study investigated the species richness of threatened butterflies and grasshoppers in mire and grassland ecosystems in the southern Black Forest in SW Germany. The study found significant differences in environmental conditions and assemblage composition of threatened butterfly and grasshopper species in different habitat types. Land-use intensity was identified as the key driver of habitat heterogeneity and species richness of threatened butterflies and grasshoppers. Recommendations were made for a conservation policy that promotes low-intensity land use and continuous large-scale cattle grazing.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Rafal Maciaszek, Wieslaw Swiderek, Sebastian Prati, Chih-Yang Huang, Kamil Karaban, Anita Kaliszewicz, Aleksandra Jablonska
Summary: This study reports the discovery of epibiotic species associated with Neocaridina davidi shrimp collected from the wild, aquaculture ponds, and aquaria. Among 900 imported shrimp from Taiwan, three-quarters of them host at least one of the recorded epibionts. Two new species, Cladogonium kumaki sp. nov. and Monodiscus kumaki sp. nov., were found, along with the redescriptions of Holtodrilus truncatus and Scutariella japonica. The highest number of epibionts is found in shrimp from aquaculture ponds, while the lowest is found in individuals from aquaria. The occurrence of epibionts differs across designated microhabitats. Their presence may affect shrimp breeding rates, thus requiring more control measures.
Article
Plant Sciences
Wei Zhuang, Shao-Li Liu, Sheng-Yan Xi, Ying-Nan Feng, Ke Wang, Teliebald Abduwali, Ping Liu, Xiao-Jiang Zhou, Lan Zhang, Xian-Zhe Dong
Summary: This article summarizes the frequently used traditional Chinese medicine decoctions and Chinese patent medicines for treating depression, reviews their clinical therapeutic effects and possible mechanisms, and highlights the importance of traditional Chinese medicine in the management of depression.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xue Bai, Meng Zhang
Summary: Research has shown that traditional Chinese medicine has a clinical impact on vascular dementia, improving patients' cognitive function and quality of life. The pharmacological mechanisms of TCM for VD treatment include targeting the kidneys, eliminating turbidity, and promoting blood circulation, indicating promising prospects.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chao Mo, Jie Zhao, Jingyan Liang, Huiling Wang, Yu Chen, Guodong Huang
Summary: Exosomes play a crucial role in intercellular communication, and the interaction between exosomes and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has beneficial effects on various diseases. TCM formulas and compounds can modulate exosomes to inhibit cell proliferation, reduce inflammation, and attenuate fibrosis. Additionally, exosomes serve as a natural delivery system for TCM compounds, and they may also be potential biomarkers for TCM syndromes.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Laura Finnegan, Rebecca Viejou, Doug MacNearney, Karine E. Pigeon, Gordon B. Stenhouse
Summary: The study found that anthropogenic disturbances impact the daily movements of large threatened mammals, with grizzly bears and caribou adjusting their movements differently according to the type and regeneration of disturbances across seasons. Assessing these impacts provides valuable insights for conservation strategies.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Stephen G. Kearney, James E. M. Watson, April E. Reside, Diana O. Fisher, Martine Maron, Tim S. Doherty, Sarah M. Legge, John C. Z. Woinarski, Stephen T. Garnett, Brendan A. Wintle, Euan G. Ritchie, Don A. Driscoll, David Lindenmayer, Vanessa M. Adams, Michelle S. Ward, Josie Carwardine
Summary: Earth's extinction crisis is worsening and threat classification schemes are crucial for assessing the drivers and threats causing species declines. However, there is a lack of a complementary framework for evaluating the conservation responses needed to reduce these threats. In this study, an expert-driven threat-abatement framework was developed and applied to 1532 threatened species in Australia, highlighting the importance of retaining and restoring habitat, controlling invasive species and diseases, and improving fire management for species recovery. Integrated management responses are necessary for the survival and recovery of most species.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Pengfei Zeng, Hang Zhou, Pei Guo, Wanting Xia, Jinzhu Huang, Qian Zeng
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese herbal medicine in treating threatened abortion, providing medical staff and patients with valuable information. The method includes searching multiple databases and sources, independently screening and retrieving literature, and performing meta-analysis and evidence level assessment. The conclusion will offer evidence on the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese herbal medicine therapy for threatened abortion.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Lindsay Aylesworth, Sarah J. Foster, Amanda C. J. Vincent
CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tanvi Vaidyanathan, Xiong Zhang, Ramkumar Balakrishnan, Amanda Vincent
Summary: All seahorse species are protected under India's Wild Life Protection Act, with a ban on capture and trade. Despite little assessment on the ban's impact, surveys in Tamil Nadu revealed high numbers of seahorses caught as bycatch, primarily through non-selective gear. Illegal trade hindered understanding of trade routes and volumes, while declining availability suggested a population decline due to incidental capture in unregulated fisheries. A shift towards spatial and temporal restrictions in management is needed for effective conservation.
AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
T. Vaidyanathan, A. C. J. Vincent
Summary: The study reveals that despite a ban on their catch and trade, seahorses continue to be extracted primarily as incidental catch, with an estimated annual catch of around 13 million seahorses off the coast of mainland India. The state with the highest seahorse catch and trade was also where the most fishers mentioned the national ban, indicating limitations of bans on species caught incidentally to other extractive activities.
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Riley A. Pollom, Gina M. Ralph, Caroline M. Pollock, Amanda C. J. Vincent
Summary: Despite heavy pressures from fishing, habitat degradation and climate change, a global assessment of extinction risk for approximately 300 species of syngnathiform fishes known as of 2017 has been conducted for the first time. At least 6% are threatened, with most being seahorses or freshwater pipefishes, and a significant number of species have insufficient data.
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
S. J. Foster, A. C. J. Vincent
Summary: The study examined the process of Review of Significant Trade (RST) under CITES and identified issues in achieving sustainable trade, proposing five actions to improve RST actions.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
S. J. Foster, T. Justason, A. M. Magera, A. C. J. Vincent
Summary: This study investigates the changes in the international trade of live seahorses after their inclusion in CITES Appendix II. The results show a significant decline in the reported exports of live seahorses, with almost all trade now consisting of captive bred seahorses. This reduction in pressure on wild populations involved in the live trade is, however, insignificant compared to the vast trade in dried seahorses, most of which are smuggled.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jon Paul Rodriguez, Bibiana Sucre, Kira Mileham, Ada Sanchez-Mercado, Nahomy De Andrade, Simeon Bezeng Bezeng, Carmel Croukamp, Joao Falcato, Pablo Garcia-Borboroglu, Susana Gonzalez, Paula Gonzalez-Ciccia, Jose F. Gonzalez-Maya, Lucy Kemp, Mirza D. Kusrini, Cristina Lopez-Gallego, Sonja Luz, Vivek Menon, Patricia D. Moehlman, Domitilla C. Raimondo, Claudio Sillero-Zubiri, William Street, Amanda Vincent, Yan Xie
Summary: There is increasing pressure for the adoption of a Global Biodiversity Framework to address the biodiversity paradox. The IUCN Species Survival Commission proposes a model that focuses on national and local conservation action and partners with local institutions to expand capacity. This model is part of the Reverse the Red movement, which aims to ensure the survival of wild species and ecosystems.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nuno Monteiro, Sara Pinheiro, Susana Magalhaes, Pedro Tarroso, Amanda Vincent
Summary: Due to climate change, there is evidence of range shifts in European seas, with expansions in northern boundaries and contractions in southern boundaries. Predicting changes in species' geographic ranges is important to prevent biodiversity losses. A study on syngnathids in Europe shows that their distribution will shift poleward over the next century, with distinct effects in different regions. The current marine protected areas in Europe are not effective in safeguarding syngnathid diversity or preventing species disappearance, especially in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Xiong Zhang, Amanda C. J. Vincent
Article
Anthropology
A. P. Stocks, S. J. Foster, N. K. Bat, N. M. Ha, A. C. J. Vincent
Article
Environmental Studies
Sarah J. Foster, Ting-Chun Kuo, Anita Kar Yan Wan, Amanda C. J. Vincent