Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leszek Szablewski
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in elderly people, with aging being a main risk factor. Impairment of brain energy and glucose hypometabolism are hallmarks of the disease. There are several hypotheses on the role of glucose hypometabolism in AD, but further investigations are needed on this subject.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Allie N. N. Greene, Matia B. B. Solomon, Lisa M. Privette M. Vinnedge
Summary: Alzheimer's disease and age-related dementias have a significant impact on individuals and their social networks, but the molecular and genetic causes of late-onset Alzheimer's disease are still unknown. Treatment options are limited, necessitating the exploration of new molecular mechanisms for intervention. This study summarizes the current understanding of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and highlights a potential molecular driver, the DEK protein, and its associations with cellular and molecular hallmarks of the disease.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Fan Gao, Tao Liu, Miao Tuo, Song Chi
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests that sleep disturbance is a common symptom in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and orexin system dysregulation is associated with cognitive impairment in AD patients. Orexin receptor antagonists may be a promising target for the prevention or treatment of AD.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mengzhen Zhou, Shi Tang
Summary: Orexin, produced by the lateral hypothalamus, regulates the sleep-wake cycle. Its overexpression is linked to sleep/wakefulness disorders in Alzheimer's disease (AD), with increased cerebrospinal fluid orexin levels causing sleep deterioration. Dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) not only treats AD sleep-wakefulness disorder but also improves cognitive behavior in patients. Therefore, it is important to understand the role of the orexin system in AD, investigate its relationship with cognitive decline, and evaluate the safety and efficacy of DORA.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yi Li, Lingzhan Shao, Yang Mou, Yan Zhang, Yong Ping
Summary: Recent studies have shown alterations in gut microbiota in Alzheimer's disease patients, as well as a correlation between sleep and circadian rhythm disruption and greater beta-amyloid deposition and AD risk. These studies aim to identify commonalities and distinct characteristics of GM alterations in these conditions, and their impact on pathophysiology.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Rusek, Joanna Smith, Kamel El-Khatib, Kennedy Aikins, Stanislaw J. Czuczwar, Ryszard Pluta
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is not only characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, but also involves neuroinflammation. The interplay between the nervous and immune systems might be crucial in preventing or delaying the progression of Alzheimer's disease. The JAK/STAT signaling pathway, influenced by the overactivation of microglia and astrocytes, plays an important role in determining the fate of gliogenic cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yapei Jiang, Naihan Xu
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases are a major global health problem, and identifying molecular markers related to neurodegenerative processes is urgently important. Defects in autophagy, the process of removing aggregate-prone proteins in neurons, are often associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Aberrant regulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) also plays a role in neurological disorders. This review summarizes the recent progress in studying lncRNAs and autophagy in the context of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), providing guidance for future research in this field.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander V. Blagov, Andrey V. Grechko, Nikita G. Nikiforov, Evgeny E. Borisov, Nikolay K. Sadykhov, Alexander N. Orekhov
Summary: Mitochondrial dysfunction is recognized as a contributor to neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. The accurate dynamics of mitochondria are crucial for their complex functions, and disruption of these dynamics may play a key role in the pathogenesis of AD. Improving mitochondrial dynamics and function could provide an alternative treatment approach.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Kathlyn Laval, Lynn W. Enquist
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease affecting around 50 million people worldwide, with no cure currently available. Recent attention has been focused on the potential role of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) in sporadic AD, as well as the neuroinflammatory response as a driving force in the disease. Further research is needed to fully understand the etiology of AD.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca R. Buccellato, Marianna D'Anca, Maria Serpente, Andrea Arighi, Daniela Galimberti
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the accumulation of toxic proteins. Recent studies have explored the role of the glymphatic system in the pathogenesis of these diseases. This review aims to present the current knowledge linking the glymphatic system to the development of AD and PD, as well as the influence of lifestyle factors such as sleep deprivation and exercise on glymphatic system function. The potential of neuroimaging approaches to detect glymphatic system changes is also discussed.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Theophania Ashleigh, Russell H. Swerdlow, M. Flint Beal
Summary: Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, challenging the conventional thinking of amyloid beta pathology. A unified model that accurately identifies the underlying mechanism of AD is crucial for the development of effective therapies.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Gilbert Ogunmokun, Saikat Dewanjee, Pratik Chakraborty, Chandrasekhar Valupadas, Anupama Chaudhary, Viswakalyan Kolli, Uttpal Anand, Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu, Parul Goel, Hari Prasad Reddy Paluru, Kiran Dip Gill, P. Hemachandra Reddy, Vincenzo De Feo, Ramesh Kandimalla
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a prominent neurodegenerative disease that impairs cognitive function and is associated with neuroinflammation. Understanding factors such as cytokines and growth factors related to the development of AD can help us better understand and treat the disease.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Joji Philip Verghese, Alana Terry, Edoardo Rosario de Natale, Marios Politis
Summary: The glymphatic system, which plays a crucial role in neurodegenerative diseases, is a unique pathway that removes waste products from the brain. A detailed understanding of the function of this system in human physiology and disease can provide insights into early-stage pathophysiology. Additionally, studying the pharmacological modulation of the glymphatic system is important for potential disease modification.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yi Wang, Ping Yuan, Lu Ding, Jie Zhu, Xinrui Qi, Yanyan Zhang, Yunxia Li, Xiaohuan Xia, Jialin C. C. Zheng
Summary: This study investigated the miRNA profiles in serum-derived EVs from AD, MCI patients, and healthy individuals. Differential expression patterns of CEmiRs were observed and classified into 10 clusters. By analyzing the predicted targets of these differentially expressed CEmiRs, our study revealed the temporal regulation of complex and precise signaling networks on AD pathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Xiaojing Bai, Meiting Mai, Kai Yao, Mengqi Zhang, Yue Huang, Wenbin Zhang, Xiaorou Guo, Yixuan Xu, Ying Zhang, Atikam Qurban, Lijie Duan, Jimei Bu, Jianfeng Zhang, Junfeng Wu, Yongfei Zhao, Xiangshan Yuan, Hengbing Zu
Summary: Based on previous studies and research on DHCR24, it is suggested that the deficiency of DHCR24 activity leading to reduced cholesterol levels in plasma membrane and intracellular compartments may be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. DHCR24 could play a crucial role in maintaining cholesterol homeostasis, and its downregulation by major risk factors for AD may have a potential link with AD pathogenesis.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Laura H. Jacobson, Daniel Hoyer, Luis de Lecea
Summary: Hypocretins, also known as orexins, are neuropeptides produced in the lateral hypothalamus that play a crucial role in various neurophysiological functions such as sleep, arousal, feeding, and cognition. Loss of Hcrt cells in humans leads to narcolepsy, demonstrating the essential role of the Hcrt system in sleep/wake stability. The development of Hcrt receptor antagonists as a new class of drugs to treat insomnia has been clinically validated.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Na-Yeon Jung, Kee Hyung Park, Sang Won Seo, Hee Jin Kim, Jee Hoon Roh, Jae-Hong Lee, Kyung Won Park, Jay C. Kwon, Jee Hyang Jeong, Soo Jin Yoon, Byeong C. Kim, Young Ho Park, SangYun Kim, Jae-Won Jang, Young Chul Youn, Dong Won Yang, Seong Hye Choi, Duk L. Na, Eun-Joo Kim
Summary: This study investigated the survival time of different clinical syndromes of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and analyzed the impact of behavioral and motor features on survival. The overall median survival of FTD was found to be 12.1 years, and there were variations in survival time among different clinical syndromes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sung-Eun Chung, Hyung-Ji Kim, Sungyang Jo, Sunju Lee, Yoojin Lee, Jee Hoon Roh, Jae-Hong Lee
Summary: Accumulation of aggregated amyloid-beta (A beta) in the brain is considered the first pathological event within the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study found that the posterior cingulate/precuneus and the lateral temporal and parietal cortices may be the earliest areas to be affected by A beta accumulation.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hyung-Ji Kim, Jungsu S. Oh, Jae-Sung Lim, Sunju Lee, Sungyang Jo, E-Nae Chung, Woo-Hyun Shim, Minyoung Oh, Jae Seung Kim, Jee Hoon Roh, Jae-Hong Lee
Summary: This study investigated the influence of subthreshold levels of amyloid deposition on conversion to dementia in amnestic MCI patients with negative amyloid PET scans. The results suggest that subthreshold amyloid levels may contribute to conversion to dementia in patients with amyloid-negative amnestic MCI.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ji Eun Kim, Dong-Kyun Lee, Ji Hye Hwang, Chan-Mi Kim, Yeji Kim, Jee Hoon Roh, Jae-Hong Lee, Jong-Min Lee
Summary: This study compared the structural and functional image differences in the striatum between patients with early onset and late onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). The findings suggest that early onset AD may share some pathophysiological changes noted in autosomal dominant AD.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Susan M. Tyree, Kimberly J. Jennings, Oscar C. Gonzalez, Shi-bin Li, Janet R. Nicholson, Moritz von Heimendahl, Luis de Lecea
Summary: Neurons expressing Hypocretin in the lateral hypothalamus are crucial for regulating arousal stability. This study investigates the dynamics of Hypocretin neuronal circuit during stop action impulsivity in mice performing a Go/NoGo task. The findings suggest that Hypocretin neurons play a key role in integrating salient stimuli to produce appropriate responses to rewarding and aversive cues.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kanta Horie, Yan R. Li, Nicolas Barthelemy, Brian Gordon, Jason Hassenstab, Tammie L. S. M. Benzinger, Anne C. Fagan, John M. Morris, Celeste Karch, Chengjie Xiong, Ricardo Allegri, Patricio Chrem Mendez, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Kensaku Kasuga, James Noble, Martin Farlow, Jasmeer Chhatwal, Gregory R. Day, Peter R. Schofield, Colin Masters, Johannes Levin, Mathias Jucker, Jae-Hong Lee, Jee Hoon Roh, Chihiro Sato, Pallavi Sachdev, Akihiko Koyama, Larisa J. Reyderman, Randall Bateman, Eric McDade
Summary: Identifying cerebrospinal fluid measures of the microtubule binding region of tau (MTBR-tau) species that reflect tau aggregation could provide fluid biomarkers that track Alzheimer's disease related neurofibrillary tau pathological changes.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Yuval Nir, Luis de Lecea
Summary: The classic view of sleep and vigilance states as global and stationary is being challenged by recent data, which show that these states are highly dynamic and regionally complex. Sleep and wake states often co-occur across distinct brain regions, and dynamic switching prevails around state transitions and during extended wakefulness and fragmented sleep. This new perspective, coupled with advanced monitoring methods, is changing how we understand vigilance states and may have important implications for neuromodulatory mechanisms and behavioral manifestations. A modular and dynamic view opens up new avenues for spatiotemporal interventions to improve sleep function.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wen-Jie Bian, Oscar C. Gonzalez, Luis de Lecea
Summary: This study reveals that the R1117X mutation in the Shank3 gene causes sleep defects in adolescent mice, which are associated with adult social behavior. The mutant mice exhibit altered electroencephalogram power and increased dopamine activity during REM sleep. These findings provide insights into the relationship between Shank3 gene involvement and sleep phenotypes in schizophrenia.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sungyang Jo, Hyunna Lee, Hyung-Ji Kim, Chong Hyun Suh, Sang Joon Kim, Yoojin Lee, Jee Hoon Roh, Jae-Hong Lee
Summary: The aim of this study was to predict amyloid-beta positivity using conventional T1-weighted images, radiomics, and diffusion-tensor images obtained from MRI. A machine learning algorithm was developed using demographic and MRI features, and it was found that T1 volume was the best predictor of amyloid PET positivity. Radiomics and diffusion-tensor images did not provide additional benefits in predicting amyloid-beta positivity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Allergy
Jee Hoon Roh, Kyunhyung Henry Kim
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erik C. B. Johnson, Shijia Bian, Rafi U. Haque, E. Kathleen Carter, Caroline M. Watson, Brian A. Gordon, Lingyan Ping, Duc M. Duong, Michael P. Epstein, Eric McDade, Nicolas R. Barthelemy, Celeste M. Karch, Chengjie Xiong, Carlos Cruchaga, Richard J. Perrin, Aliza P. Wingo, Thomas S. Wingo, Jasmeer P. Chhatwal, Gregory S. Day, James M. Noble, Sarah B. Berman, Ralph Martins, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Peter R. Schofield, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Hiroshi Mori, Johannes Levin, Martin Farlow, James J. Lah, Christian Haass, Mathias Jucker, John C. Morris, Tammie L. S. Benzinger, Blaine R. Roberts, Randall J. Bateman, Anne M. Fagan, Nicholas T. Seyfried, Allan Levey
Summary: Alzheimer's disease pathology, characterized by aggregation of Aβ peptide into plaques and tau protein into neurofibrillary tangles, develops years before cognitive symptoms. By analyzing cerebrospinal fluid proteomics in individuals with autosomal dominant AD, researchers identified protein changes associated with Aβ plaques and their temporal evolution over six decades. These proteomic measurements were able to differentiate mutation carriers from noncarriers before symptom onset better than traditional Aβ and tau measures. Understanding the multifaceted landscape of AD pathology and its progression is crucial for developing precise therapeutic interventions and biomarkers.
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Keith R. Murphy, Luis de Lecea
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Eun-Joo Kim, Duk L. Na, Hee-Jin Kim, Kyung Won Park, Jae-Hong Lee, Jee Hoon Roh, Jay C. Kwon, Soo Jin Yoon, Na-Yeon Jung, Jee Hyang Jeong, Jae-Won Jang, Hee-Jin Kim, Kee Hyung Park, Seong Hye Choi, SangYun Kim, Young Ho Park, Byeong C. Kim, Young Chul Youn, Chang-Seok Ki, Seung Hyun Kim, Sang Won Seo, Young-Eun Kim
Summary: This study found that the known pathogenic variants of the three main FTD genes are rare in Korean FTD patients. The results indicate a difference in genetic background between Korean FTD patients and those in Western countries.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Minyoung Oh, Jungsu S. Oh, Seung Jun Oh, Sang Ju Lee, Jee Hoon Roh, Woo Ram Kim, Ha-Eun Seo, Jae Myeong Kang, Sang Won Seo, Jae-Hong Lee, Duk L. Na, Young Noh, Jae Seung Kim
Summary: This study evaluated the [F-18]THK-5351 retention patterns and clinical characteristics of patients clinically diagnosed with AD dementia who had negative amyloid PET findings. The results showed that approximately 70% of the amyloid-negative AD patients showed abnormal [F-18]THK-5351 retention, and patients with an extratemporal spread pattern had a rapid decline in cognitive abilities.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
