Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irina Georgiana Munteanu, Constantin Apetrei
Summary: This paper critically presents the most important tests used to determine antioxidant activity and their mechanisms, applicability, advantages and disadvantages. It covers tests based on the transfer of hydrogen atoms, electrons, and a combination of both, showcasing their efficacy in analyzing complex samples. Additionally, the paper discusses complementary methods using electrochemical biosensors to further understand the mechanisms and kinetics of antioxidants processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kenji Watanabe, Shuichi Shibuya, Yusuke Ozawa, Toshihiko Toda, Takahiko Shimizu
Summary: The study showed that p53 regulated ROS-mediated apoptotic cell death and tumorigenesis, but did not affect ROS-mediated tissue degeneration in SOD-deficient models.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Garo Z. Akmakjian, Nabila Riaz, Mary Lou Guerinot
Summary: The study revealed that ILR3 and PYE provide photoprotection during iron deficiency by regulating gene expression, inhibiting ROS accumulation, and promoting PSII repair.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jay L. Zweier, Craig Hemann, Tapan Kundu, Mohamed G. Ewees, Sahar A. Khaleel, Alexandre Samouilov, Govindasamy Ilangovan, Mohamed A. El-Mahdy
Summary: Cytoglobin (Cygb) has potent superoxide dismutase (SOD) function, rapidly dismutating superoxide in cells to protect against oxidative stress. Its role in cellular superoxide metabolism is important due to its ubiquitous expression in cells at micromolar concentrations.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Edurne Tellechea, Aaron C. Asensio, Paula Ciaurriz, Javier Buezo, Pedro Lopez-Gomez, Marina Urra, Jose F. Moran
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics of the recombinant cowpea FeSOD immobilized onto gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and the effects of NP surface chemistry and biofunctionalization methods on enzyme activity. The results highlight the importance of the biomolecule and AuNP interaction for the functionality of the hybrid and demonstrate the potential of these strategies in biomedical applications.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Manuela D. Machado, Eduardo V. Soares
Summary: This study revealed that the herbicide MET had negative effects on the redox homeostasis of the freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, leading to an increase in reactive oxygen species and a decrease in antioxidant molecules and enzyme activity. The imbalance caused oxidative damage to the cell membrane, highlighting the importance of toxicological studies in assessing the impact of herbicides in freshwater environments.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ryuuichi D. Itoh, Kohdai P. Nakajima, Shun Sasaki, Hiroki Ishikawa, Yusuke Kazama, Tomoko Abe, Makoto T. Fujiwara
Summary: Stromules are dynamic membrane-bound tubular structures emanating from plastids in green plants, with potential physiological and developmental roles in stress responses and plant development. A mutant, suba1, with abnormal stromule formation in non-mesophyll tissues was characterized, revealing altered plastid morphology, impaired chloroplast pigmentation, and aberrant lipid droplet accumulation. The mutated gene, TGD5, is involved in ER-to-plastid lipid trafficking, suggesting distinct mechanisms maintaining plastid morphology between mesophyll and non-mesophyll plastids.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eun-Nam Kim, Ga-Ram Kim, Jae Sik Yu, Ki Hyun Kim, Gil-Saeng Jeong
Summary: The study found that BAG can inhibit osteoclast differentiation and ROS production, restore the expression of antioxidant enzymes, suppress the phosphorylation of MAPKs and translocation of NF-kappa beta, and restore the mineralization of lost osteoblasts, suggesting its potential as a new natural product-derived treatment for bone diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Li Tian, Junjiao Li, Caimin Huang, Dandan Zhang, Yan Xu, Xingyong Yang, Jian Song, Dan Wang, Nianwei Qiu, Dylan P. G. Short, Patrik Inderbitzin, Krishna Subbarao, Jieyin Chen, Xiaofeng Dai
Summary: The accumulation of ROS is a common defense mechanism in higher plants against pathogen attack. Previous studies showed that Cu/Zn-SOD1 (VdSOD1) in plants is upregulated following infection, indicating its role in pathogen virulence. Deletion of VdSOD1 leads to increased sensitivity to ROS generator menadione and relies on Golgi reassembly stacking protein for secretion. Overall, VdSOD1 plays a significant role in scavenging ROS and promoting virulence in V. dahliae.
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Giovanna Salbitani, Angela Perrone, Luigi Rosati, Carmen Laezza, Simona Carfagna
Summary: This study investigates the effects of sulfur deprivation on Galdieria sulphuraria and reveals that it leads to a decrease in total protein content and an increase in soluble protein fraction. The glutathione content in Galdieria sulphuraria remains high even under sulfur deprivation.
Article
Biology
ShylajaNaciyar Mohandass, Mangalalakshmi Ragavan, Dineshbabu Gnanasekaran, Uma Lakshmanan, Prabaharan Dharmar, Sushanta Kumar Saha
Summary: Synthetic azo dyes are widely used but their improper discharge poses a threat to the environment. Genetically modified cyanobacteria with enhanced H2O2 accumulation through SOD overexpression can effectively degrade these dyes, suggesting a valuable bioremediation strategy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nofar Schottlender, Irit Gottfried, Uri Ashery
Summary: HBOT increases dissolved oxygen in the blood, affecting mitochondrial activity and ROS levels. Short-term treatment may have deleterious effects, while long-term treatment improves mitochondrial function and reduces ROS levels. Different conditions of treatment can lead to varied effects on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesco Caruso, Sandra Incerpi, Jens Pedersen, Stuart Belli, Sarjit Kaur, Miriam Rossi
Summary: Polyphenols have been found to reform themselves after scavenging superoxide radicals, similar to the catalytic cycle of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme. The interaction between polyphenols and superoxide results in oxidation of the latter and the formation of other reaction products. The low concentration of polyphenols in biological fluids does not limit their ability to effectively scavenge superoxide.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Weifeng Lu, Yue Lin, Nezam Haider, Pricila Moly, Lixin Wang, Wei Zhou
Summary: Resistin induces dysfunction in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) during the progression of atherosclerosis. Ginsenoside Rb1, a main component of ginseng, has been reported to have a powerful vascular protective effect. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Rb1 on resistin-induced VSMCs dysfunction.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Min Yang, Luchuanyang Sun, Yasunosuke Kawabata, Takahiro Maegawa, Shigeto Taniyama, Katsuyasu Tachibana, Katsuya Hirasaka
Summary: Balenine, an endogenous imidazole dipeptide composed of beta-alanine and 3-methyl-l-histidine, is found mainly in muscles and the brain. Studies have shown that balenine exhibits antioxidant activity by increasing SOD activity without affecting other antioxidant enzymes. This suggests that balenine contributes to antioxidant effects through activation of SOD.
Article
Plant Sciences
Keiji Nishioka, Yusuke Kato, Shin-ichiro Ozawa, Yuichiro Takahashi, Wataru Sakamoto
Summary: Protein phosphorylation plays a crucial role in regulating photosynthetic activities in organisms. The Phos-tag technology allows for a comprehensive assessment of protein phosphorylation in the thylakoid membrane of Arabidopsis, making it a useful biochemical tool for studying in vivo protein phosphorylation.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Wataru Sakamoto
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Wataru Sakamoto
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hideki Takanashi, Mitsutoshi Shichijo, Lisa Sakamoto, Hiromi Kajiya-Kanegae, Hiroyoshi Iwata, Wataru Sakamoto, Nobuhiro Tsutsumi
Summary: This study conducted QTL analyses on spikelet- and grain-related traits in sorghum, revealing that most spikelet organ length- and width-related traits are partially controlled by the dwarf genes Dw1 and Dw3, while these genes have limited impact on the regulation of grain size. The identified QTLs provide insights into the genetic basis of spikelet- and grain-related traits in sorghum.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tilak Kumar Gupta, Sven Klumpe, Karin Gries, Steffen Heinz, Wojciech Wietrzynski, Norikazu Ohnishi, Justus Niemeyer, Benjamin Spaniol, Miroslava Schaffer, Anna Rast, Matthias Ostermeier, Mike Strauss, Juergen M. Plitzko, Wolfgang Baumeister, Till Rudack, Wataru Sakamoto, Joerg Nickelsen, Jan M. Schuller, Michael Schroda, Benjamin D. Engel
Summary: This study reveals the structures of cyanobacterial VIPP1 rings using cryo-electron microscopy, showing how VIPP1 monomers flex and interweave to form basket-like assemblies. The research also demonstrates the essential role of VIPP1 lipid binding in resisting stress-induced damage, as mutations in hydrophobic surfaces lead to extreme thylakoid swelling under high light. Additionally, cryo-CLEM observations provide insights into how VIPP1 coats encapsulate membrane tubules within chloroplasts.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuki Okegawa, Natsuki Tsuda, Wataru Sakamoto, Ken Motohashi
Summary: Light-dependent activation of chloroplast enzymes is crucial for the rapid induction of photosynthesis. Two pathways, the Fd/Trx pathway and the NTRC pathway, in the Trx system play central roles in this process. This study reveals the involvement of the PGR5-dependent pathway in the NTRC pathway and the partial restoration of Trx-dependent reduction of thiol enzymes by PGR5, providing insights into the regulation of electron partitioning during the induction of photosynthesis.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zihuan Jing, Fiona W. Wacera, Tsuneaki Takami, Hideki Takanashi, Fumi Fukada, Yoji Kawano, Hiromi Kajiya-Kanegae, Hiroyoshi Iwata, Nobuhiro Tsutsumi, Wataru Sakamoto
Summary: Through QTL analysis in sorghum, a prominent QTL on chromosome 5 was identified to be associated with organophosphate sensitivity (OPS), potentially due to a dominant mutation in the NLR-C gene. The finding of OPS as a dominant trait is crucial for understanding the functional role of NB-LRR proteins in cereals and ensuring sorghum breeding free from OPS.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuki Okegawa, Wataru Sakamoto, Ken Motohashi
Summary: Redox regulation of chloroplast proteins is crucial for photosynthesis, with the thioredoxin system playing a central role. Lack of either Trx f or Trx m delays the reduction of Calvin cycle enzymes, while lack of both Trxs further delays the initiation of photosynthesis. Trx f is necessary for the rapid activation of the Calvin cycle, while Trx m regulates the PGR5-dependent cyclic electron transport.
JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hideki Takanashi, Hiromi Kajiya-Kanegae, Asuka Nishimura, Junko Yamada, Motoyuki Ishimori, Masaaki Kobayashi, Kentaro Yano, Hiroyoshi Iwata, Nobuhiro Tsutsumi, Wataru Sakamoto
Summary: In this study, the DOMINANT AWN INHIBITOR (DAI) gene, encoding an ALOG family protein, was identified and characterized in sorghum. DAI is a duplicated gene in sorghum that inhibits awn development by suppressing cell proliferation and elongation. Heterologous expression of DAI in rice also inhibits awn elongation.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hiroshi Yamatani, Takeshi Ito, Kenji Nishimura, Tetsuya Yamada, Wataru Sakamoto, Makoto Kusaba
Summary: This study reveals the mechanism of regulating chlorophyll and LHCP levels via the GLK-BCM pathway in Arabidopsis and lettuce through genetic and functional analysis.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Wataru Sakamoto
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Genetics & Heredity
Wataru Sakamoto, Tsuneaki Takami
Summary: The inheritance mode of organelle DNAs in mitochondria and plastids is controlled by cold temperature and DNA amount in pollen.
TRENDS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Wataru Sakamoto, Tsuneaki Takami
Summary: Plastids play a crucial role in angiosperms and exhibit non-Mendelian inheritance due to their evolution as endosymbionts. Inheritance of plastids in angiosperms can be either maternal or biparental. Maternal inheritance is mainly attributed to the stochastic segregation of maternal plastids after fertilization, while biparental inheritance involves plastid changes during pollen development. Recent research suggests that low temperature and plastid DNA degradation mediated by the organelle exonuclease DPD1 significantly influence paternal leakage in biparental inheritance.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuki Okegawa, Nozomi Sato, Rino Nakakura, Ryota Murai, Wataru Sakamoto, Ken Motohashi
Summary: Plants use various photoprotective mechanisms to cope with sudden increases in light intensity. Redox regulation by thioredoxin (Trx) systems is also involved in this process. However, the functions of x- and y-type Trxs in response to fluctuating light conditions are not well understood.
Article
Plant Sciences
Shin Taketa, Momoko Hattori, Tsuneaki Takami, Eiko Himi, Wataru Sakamoto
Summary: Barley albino lemma 1 (alm1) mutants exhibit chlorophyll-deficient hulls and reduced spike photosynthesis. The ALM1 gene encodes HvGLK2, a GARP subfamily transcription factor, with mutations in important regions affecting chloroplast structure. HvGLK2 plays nonredundant roles compared to HvGLK1, with more severe phenotypes observed in barley mutants.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
