Article
Biology
Amanda Bundgaard, Anja V. Gruszczyk, Hiran A. Prag, Catherine Williams, Angela McIntyre, Ilan M. Ruhr, Andrew M. James, Gina L. J. Galli, Michael P. Murphy, Angela Fago
Summary: Extremely anoxia-tolerant animals, such as freshwater turtles, can avoid oxidative tissue damage after anoxia by not producing excess mitochondrial superoxide upon reoxygenation. The low levels of succinate accumulation and the maintenance of ADP levels in the anoxic turtle heart are key factors in preventing a surge of superoxide production upon reoxygenation.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Wen-Wei Tseng, An-Chi Wei
Summary: This article compares several kinetic models of OXPHOS in cardiomyocytes and investigates their mathematical expressions, parameter acquisition, and predictive capabilities. Through these comparisons, it provides reference for future in silico models.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ami Kobayashi, Toshihiko Takeiwa, Kazuhiro Ikeda, Satoshi Inoue
Summary: The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is crucial for energy production and drives various biochemical processes in eukaryotic cells through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Recent studies have shown that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), transfer-RNA-derived fragments (tRFs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), play important roles in regulating ETC and OXPHOS systems. This review highlights the emerging roles of ncRNAs in the regulation of mitochondrial ETC and OXPHOS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maureen Yin, Luke A. J. O'Neill
Summary: The electron transport chain plays a crucial role in immune cells, with Complex I, II, and III generating ROS and impacting cell function. Complex IV and V are essential for T cell differentiation, with potential therapeutic targets in anti-inflammatory strategies.
Article
Biology
Natascha Ouillon, Eugene P. Sokolov, Stefan Otto, Gregor Rehder, Inna M. Sokolova
Summary: The study revealed that long-term cyclic hypoxia has a stronger impact on the mitochondria of M. arenaria than chronic hypoxia, potentially leading to impaired ATP synthesis, increased costs of mitochondrial maintenance, and oxidative stress.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Salvatore Nesci
Summary: Mitochondria produce heat due to proton leak, which is caused by ineffective H+ cycling of mitochondria respiration across the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), leading to a decrease in protonmotive force (Dp). Under impaired conditions of ATP generation, Dp increases and IMM is hyperpolarized, resulting in the generation of ROS and oxidative stress. The dissipation of Dp through proton leak supported by translocases of IMM attenuates the production of O2.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marten Wikstrom, Amina Djurabekova, Vivek Sharma
Summary: Complex I plays a crucial role in converting oxidoreduction energy into a proton electrochemical gradient, which is the primary source of energy for ATP synthesis. Ubiquinone, as an important component in Complex I, has structural, kinetic, and thermodynamic properties that define its function in electron transfer and proton translocation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pamela J. Yao, Erden Eren, Edward J. Goetzl, Dimitrios Kapogiannis
Summary: Mitochondria play a crucial role in AD, and abnormalities in ETC complexes and SOD1 were observed in the plasma NDEVs of AD patients. These findings lay the foundation for using NDEVs as biomarkers for mitochondrial dysfunction in AD.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yi Cen, Xiayun Chen, Yibin Liu, Baixue Yu, Mengyi Yan, Ni Yang, Renjiang Kong, Shiying Li, Huihui Ti, Hong Cheng
Summary: This study discovered that ivermectin can alleviate tumor hypoxia by inhibiting mitochondrial respiration, enhancing oxygen-dependent photodynamic therapy (PDT). Chlorin e6 and ivermectin were encapsulated into stable Pluronic F127 micelles to synergize their pharmacological behaviors. These micelles passively targeted the drugs into tumors and improved their cellular internalization. Through inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, the micelles reduced oxygen consumption and increased reactive oxygen species production, thereby improving the efficacy of PDT against hypoxic tumors.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kuen-Jin Tsai, Der-Fen Suen, Ming-Che Shih
Summary: We studied the role of Arabidopsis HRM1 in hypoxic stress response. HRM1 was found to be regulated by EIN3 and RAP2.2 and enriched in mitochondria where it associates with complex-I and attenuates mitochondrial electron transport chain activity. Loss of HRM1 led to increased mitochondrial respiration rates under hypoxia and higher tolerance to submergence.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Swati Sharma, Yamini Singh, Rajat Sandhir, Sayar Singh, Lilly Ganju, Bhuvnesh Kumar, Rajeev Varshney
Summary: High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) may be related to genetic factors and abnormal mitochondrial redox status, with mutations in Complex I genes and mtDNA haplogroup H2a2a1 potentially affecting the pathogenesis of HAPE. Increased oxidative stress, reduced mitochondrial biogenesis, and metabolic reprogramming induced by hypobaric hypoxia may contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction in HAPE individuals.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Audrey-Ann Dumont, Lauralyne Dumont, Delong Zhou, Hugo Giguere, Chantal Pileggi, Mary-Ellen Harper, Denis P. Blondin, Michelle S. Scott, Mannix Auger-Messier
Summary: The study demonstrates the importance of Srsf3 in maintaining mitochondrial integrity during cardiac development, with Srsf3 deletion leading to severe heart remodeling and cardiomyocyte enlargement.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
James P. Bennett, Isaac G. Onyango
Summary: The adult human brain consumes a disproportionate amount of energy substrates, with ATP being the universal energy currency. Neurodegenerative diseases may result from factors such as stress damage, genetic mutations, epigenetic modifications, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial therapeutics aims to correct deficiencies in energy production processes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Romain Carcy, Marc Cougnon, Mallorie Poet, Manon Durandy, Antoine Sicard, Laurent Counillon, Nicolas Blondeau, Thierry Hauet, Michel Tauc, Didier F. Pisani
Summary: Disorders characterized by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) are the most common causes of debilitating diseases and death in stroke, cardiovascular ischemia, acute kidney injury or organ transplantation. During transplantation, the I/R step defines both the amplitude of the damages to the graft and the functional recovery outcome. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in cell death and tissue damage, and finding treatments to reduce or prevent oxidative stress in ischemic pathologies is a key goal for better outcomes in organ transplantation.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fangli Wu, Eugene P. Sokolov, Olaf Dellwig, Inna M. Sokolova
Summary: Exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) had significant effects on carbohydrate levels and electron transport system activity in blue mussels. Moderate winter warming may partially compensate for the bioenergetics stress caused by nZnO toxicity, while summer warming led to decreases in lipid and carbohydrate levels.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Rachael M. Heuer, Gina L. J. Galli, Holly A. Shiels, Lynne A. Fieber, Georgina K. Cox, Edward M. Mager, John D. Stieglitz, Daniel D. Benetti, Martin Grosell, Dane A. Crossley
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xin Wang, Gina Galli, Michelangelo Campanella
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Biology
Matthew Baxter, Maria Voronkov, Toryn Poolman, Gina Galli, Christian Pinali, Laurence Goosey, Abigail Knight, Karolina Krakowiak, Robert Maidstone, Mudassar Iqbal, Min Zi, Sukhpal Prehar, Elizabeth J. Cartwright, Julie Gibbs, Laura C. Matthews, Antony D. Adamson, Neil E. Humphreys, Pedro Rebelo-Guiomar, Michal Minczuk, David A. Bechtold, Andrew Loudon, David Ray
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
A. Reynolds Kirby, Gina Galli, Janna Crossley, Lauren E. Sweet, Dane A. Crossley, Aaron P. Roberts
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Physiology
Minxuan Liu, Gina Galli, Yilin Wang, Qiru Fan, Zhenzhong Wang, Xin Wang, Wei Xiao
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Debojyoti Das, Sunil Kumar Singh, Jacob Bierstedt, Alyssa Erickson, Gina L. J. Galli, Dane A. Crossley, Turk Rhen
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Martins Oshioriamhe Ainerua, Jake Tinwell, Rory Murphy, Gina L. J. Galli, Bart E. van Dongen, Keith N. White, Holly A. Shiels
Summary: This study provides the first comprehensive understanding of the impact of phenanthrene on crustaceans, showing that exposure to phenanthrene can lead to changes in heart rate, oxidative stress response, tissue burden, and reduced survivability in crustaceans.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ilan Ruhr, Jacob Bierstedt, Turk Rhen, Debojyoti Das, Sunil Kumar Singh, Soleille Miller, Dane A. Crossley, Gina L. J. Galli
Summary: The study found that embryonic hypoxia can increase cardiac anoxia tolerance in juvenile turtles through DNA methylation and gene expression patterns. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of cardiovascular physiology in reptiles in the future.
EPIGENETICS & CHROMATIN
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Gina L. J. Galli, Ilan M. Ruhr, Janna Crossley, Dane A. Crossley
Summary: Research on common snapping turtles has found that hypoxic conditions during embryonic development can have long-term effects on mitochondrial function, leading to decreased respiratory capacity, higher oxidative phosphorylation ratios, and reduced ROS production. These adjustments may improve mitochondrial hypoxia tolerance, which could be beneficial for turtles during breath-hold diving and overwintering in anoxic environments.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jeremy A. Hansell, Hans G. Richter, Emily J. Camm, Emilio A. Herrera, Carlos E. Blanco, Eduardo Villamor, Olga Patey, Mitchell C. Lock, Andrew W. Trafford, Gina L. J. Galli, Dino A. Giussani
Summary: This study demonstrated that melatonin can inhibit cardiovascular dysfunction caused by chronic fetal hypoxia during pregnancy, protect fetal cardiac eNOS expression, and prevent all alterations in cardiovascular structure and function in fetal and adult offspring.
JOURNAL OF PINEAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Gina L. J. Galli, Mitchell C. Lock, Kerri L. M. Smith, Dino A. Giussani, Dane A. Crossley II
Summary: Developmental hypoxia has a significant and lasting impact on the cardiovascular system of vertebrates, but the specific consequences vary among species. This study aims to identify common and novel cardiovascular responses to developmental hypoxia in vertebrates, and discusses the potential medical and ecological implications.
Article
Biology
Amanda Bundgaard, Anja V. Gruszczyk, Hiran A. Prag, Catherine Williams, Angela McIntyre, Ilan M. Ruhr, Andrew M. James, Gina L. J. Galli, Michael P. Murphy, Angela Fago
Summary: Extremely anoxia-tolerant animals, such as freshwater turtles, can avoid oxidative tissue damage after anoxia by not producing excess mitochondrial superoxide upon reoxygenation. The low levels of succinate accumulation and the maintenance of ADP levels in the anoxic turtle heart are key factors in preventing a surge of superoxide production upon reoxygenation.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Holly A. Shiels, Ed White, Christine S. Couturier, Diarmid Hall, Shannon Royal, Gina L. J. Galli, Jonathan A. W. Stecyk
Summary: Alaska blackfish adapt to hypoxic conditions by remodeling cellular Ca2+ cycling to maintain ventricular contractility, with higher peak amplitude and faster rate of rise. However, they struggle to contract at high frequencies under hypoxia, and this issue persists upon reoxygenation.
CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Mitchell C. Lock, Kerri L. M. Smith, Youguo Niu, Olga V. Patey, Sage G. Ford, Andrew W. Trafford, Dino A. Giussani, Gina L. J. Galli
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kim T. Hellgren, Hajani Premanandhan, Callum J. Quinn, Andrew W. Trafford, Gina L. J. Galli
Summary: The study found that male offspring from hypoxic pregnancies had mitochondria with increased H2O2 production and lower respiratory capacity, while females had higher respiratory capacity and lower H2O2 production. These results suggest that early exposure to hypoxia has long-term, sex-dependent effects on cardiac metabolic function.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)