Article
Neurosciences
Shani Folschweiller, Jonas-Frederic Sauer
Summary: Respiration-driven rhythms play a role in coordinating local activity in the mPFC, but the extent to which it engages the network in a state-dependent manner is unknown.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ruyan Qian, Yanbin Hao, Linfeng Li, Zhenzhen Zheng, Fuqi Wen, Xiaoyong Cui, Yanfen Wang, Tong Zhao, Ziyang Tang, Jianqing Du, Kai Xue
Summary: Globally, droughts have a significant impact on carbon cycling. However, the specific responses of soil respiration to extreme droughts, regulated by seasonal timing and plant functional types, are not well understood. In this study, a manipulative drought experiment was conducted to investigate the importance of drought timing and plant types on soil respiration. The results showed that mid-drought had the greatest negative effects on soil respiration, while early-drought had little effect. Plant functional types also had significant effects on soil respiration under late drought. This study highlights the importance of considering seasonal timing and plant communities in predicting carbon dynamics under future droughts.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Quynh M. Nguyen, Anand U. Oza, Joanna Abouezzi, Guanhua Sun, Stephen Childress, Christina Frederick, Leif Ristroph
Summary: This study demonstrates flow rectification, valveless pumping, or AC-to-DC conversion in macroscale fluidic networks inspired by the unique anatomy of bird lungs. Experiments show that higher frequencies and amplitudes of imposed oscillations generate disproportionately stronger circulation, which can be controlled through network topology and junction connectivity. Visualizations reveal that flow separation and vortex shedding serve as the valving function of directing current with appropriate timing in the oscillation cycle.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Muhammad Salman Al Farisi, Yang Wang, Yoshihiro Hasegawa, Miyoko Matsushima, Tsutomu Kawabe, Mitsuhiro Shikida
Summary: Respiration and heartbeat, important vital signs, can be measured simultaneously using a flexible airflow rate microsensor. The packaging technique, utilizing the physical connection of the lung and heart, improves the time response and sensitivity of the sensor. The successful demonstration of simultaneous respiration and heartbeat measurement in a small animal experiment highlights the potential of this sensor.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Benjamin M. Van Doren, Vincent Lostanlen, Aurora Cramer, Justin Salamon, Adriaan Dokter, Steve Kelling, Juan Pablo Bello, Andrew Farnsworth
Summary: Acoustic technology can be used to monitor nocturnal bird migration, providing information about individual behavior and species identification. Researchers developed an automated acoustic monitoring pipeline to monitor bird migration, which was validated using radar and citizen science observations. The results showed that acoustic data provided accurate estimates of bird migration quantity and timing, and reduced prediction errors.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura van Rosmalen, Jayme van Dalum, Daniel Appenroth, Renzo T. M. Roodenrijs, Lauren de Wit, David G. Hazlerigg, Roelof A. Hut
Summary: Research has shown that environmental temperature plays a key role in the photoperiodic response and reproductive development of herbivorous species like common voles. Different temperatures were found to influence physiological characteristics of voles, such as the expression of thyroid hormone deiodinases and testosterone levels. These temperature effects were similar in voles born at different times during the breeding season.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Carlos A. Rodriguez-Saltos, Fernanda G. Duque, Julia A. Clarke
Summary: Animals can time their behaviors at predictable intervals, and the precision of timing may be influenced by the duration of the intervals. A study on the song of the scaly-breasted wren found that the timing of whistles in nearly half of the songs followed a model of constant precision rather than scalar timing. The precision of the wren's timing was higher than that of nonhuman mammals and birds trained in the laboratory.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lisa Wiles, Sarah Cowie, Lewis Bizo
Summary: Despite differences in brain anatomy, birds have demonstrated human-like abilities such as planning and problem-solving. This study showed that domesticated chickens can use past experience to solve novel problems, similar to pigeons. The findings suggest that basic forms of learning may be more flexible across species than previously assumed.
Article
Soil Science
Anh The Luu, Ninh Thai Hoang, Van Mai Dinh, Mai Hanh Bui, Stuart Grandy, Duyen Thi Thu Hoang
Summary: The study revealed that substrate quality had a greater impact on soil microbial activities, with soil respiration and microbial biomass increasing after substrate addition. The association between high NO3-N concentration and low microbial biomass suggested increased microbial C turnover due to C exhaustion. Different substrates had varying effects on enzyme activities.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Elise R. Morton, Scott K. Robinson, Felix Mulindahabi, Michel Masozera, Aditya Singh, Madan K. Oli
Summary: Understanding the spatial and temporal structure of ecological communities along elevational and geographic gradients is important for predicting biodiversity conservation and identifying the impacts of anthropogenic factors. In this study, we examined the Afrotropical montane bird community in Rwanda and found that avian communities are spatially structured across elevational gradient, with regional differences in species composition and richness. We also observed season-specific trends in species richness, with a wet season-specific increase in the high elevation assemblage.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Biology
Eve Udino, Julia M. George, Matthew McKenzie, Anais Pessato, Ondi L. Crino, Katherine L. Buchanan, Mylene M. Mariette
Summary: Research findings suggest that prenatal exposure to heat-calls affects mitochondrial function in zebra finch nestlings, particularly in high temperature environments. This discovery contributes to our understanding of acoustic developmental programming and avian strategies for heat adaptation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ludovic Molle, Alexandre Coste
Summary: In this article, a new method for evaluating interoceptive ability is introduced, and it is reported that humans tend to perceive fewer heartbeats during spontaneous increases in heart rate. The authors argue that this may be due to a reduction in the strength of the heartbeat during inspiration.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chidozie N. Okoye, Don Stevens, Collins Kamunde
Summary: The study found that anoxia-reoxygenation and cadmium have different effects on H2O2 emission in fish liver mitochondria, depending on the substrate used, leading to different response patterns. Additionally, anoxia-reoxygenation inhibits mitochondrial respiration in a substrate-dependent manner.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jessica Centracchio, Emilio Andreozzi, Daniele Esposito, Gaetano D. Gargiulo
Summary: Forcecardiography (FCG) is a novel technique for recording weak forces induced by cardiac-respiratory activity on the chest wall. This study aimed to assess the consistency of amplitude modulations in LF-FCG and HF-FCG signals within the respiratory cycle. The results showed that the amplitude modulation in HF-FCG exhibited higher consistency compared to LF-FCG.
BIOENGINEERING-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Patrick J. Hart, Thomas Ibanez, Kristina Paxton, Grace Tredinnick, Esther Sebastian-Gonzalez, Ann Tanimoto-Johnson
Summary: The study found a high degree of signal overlap in the bird communities of Costa Rica and Hawai'i, but species significantly reduced this overlap through temporal partitioning, supporting the acoustic niche hypothesis. There was little support for acoustic clustering or species segregating based on vocalization frequency range, suggesting competition for acoustic space primarily results in temporal partitioning.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rebecca Mackelprang, Rachel A. Okrent, Mary C. Wildermuth
Review
Plant Sciences
Rebecca Mackelprang, Peggy G. Lemaux
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY, VOL 71, 2020
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniela Paula de Toledo Thomazella, Kyungyong Seong, Rebecca Mackelprang, Douglas Dahlbeck, Yu Geng, Upinder S. Gill, Tiancong Qi, Julie Pham, Priscila Giuseppe, Clara Youngna Lee, Arturo Ortega, Myeong-Je Cho, Samuel F. Hutton, Brian Staskawicz
Summary: The study reveals that disabling susceptibility (S) genes is a promising alternative to confer durable and broad-spectrum disease resistance in breeding programs. In tomato, SlDMR6-1 shows enhanced resistance to various pathogens when up-regulated, accompanied by increased salicylic acid (SA) levels and transcriptional activation of immune responses.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemical Research Methods
Rebecca Mackelprang, Katarzyna P. Adamala, Emily R. Aurand, James C. Diggans, Andrew D. Ellington, Samuel Weiss Evans, J. L. Clem Fortman, Nathan J. Hillson, Albert W. Hinman, Farren J. Isaacs, June Medford, Shadi Mamaghani, Tae Seok Moon, Megan J. Palmer, Jean Peccoud, Elizabeth A. Vitalis, India Hook-Barnard, Douglas C. Friedman
Summary: The rapid development of synthetic biology technologies has led to breakthrough applications with far-reaching implications, particularly in the development of diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines for COVID-19. However, there are risks associated with the publication of synthetic biology research and techniques, especially when it comes to the safety and distribution of pathogenic viruses. It is recommended to implement mandatory safety and security reviews for the de novo synthesis of certain pathogenic viruses and to include discussions or review processes regarding security considerations in the published papers, in order to enhance security and minimize negative outcomes.
ACS SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY
(2022)