Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ram Siripuram, Zinka Bartolek, Ketki Patil, Saj S. Gill, S. Balakrishna Pai
Summary: Polyphyllin D (PD), Polyphyllin II (PII), and Polyphyllin G (PG) exhibited potent inhibitory effects on the viability of colorectal adenocarcinoma and colorectal carcinoma cells, impacting cell proliferation and the programmed cell death pathway. Proteomic analysis revealed differential regulation of key proteins by PD and PII, suggesting their potential as targets for combating colorectal cancer. These compounds show promise for novel treatments, such as chemoimmunotherapy, and warrant further development as anti-colorectal cancer agents.
Article
Oncology
Canming Wang, Yuqian Fan, Jianguo Wei, Qiujie Xu, Guoqing Ru, Ming Zhao
Summary: Angiofibroma of soft tissue (AFST) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that poses diagnostic challenges. This study reported eight cases of AFST and emphasized the diagnostic utility of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) detection for NCOA2 rearrangement. The results showed that FISH analysis for NCOA2 rearrangement can assist in the accurate diagnosis of AFST.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Zhengyi Chen, Jianfa Lan, Qionghua Chen, Dianchao Lin, Yihuang Hong
Summary: The patient experienced a recurrence of uterine tumors 14 years post radical treatment, with a diagnosis of UTROSCT facilitated by incomplete cytoreductive surgery revealing a novel genetic fusion.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Wenqing Qi, Wojciech Rosikiewicz, Zhaohong Yin, Beisi Xu, Huihong Jiang, Shibiao Wan, Yiping Fan, Gang Wu, Lu Wang
Summary: Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is a rare and aggressive primitive mesenchymal tumor that mainly affects adolescents and young adults. Researchers have identified the fusion protein HEY1-NCOA2, which promotes cell proliferation and upregulates the expression of PDGFB and PDGFRA, providing a potential target for treating mesenchymal chondrosarcoma.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Miwa Tanaka, Mizuki Homme, Yasuyo Teramura, Kohei Kumegawa, Yukari Yamazaki, Kyoko Yamashita, Motomi Osato, Reo Maruyama, Takuro Nakamura
Summary: This study aimed to clarify the functional role of HEY1-NCOA2 in the development and progression of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. They found that introducing HEY1-NCOA2 into mouse embryonic cells successfully induced subcutaneous tumors with biphasic morphologies and the expression of chondrogenic differentiation marker Sox9. The interaction between HEY1-NCOA2 and Runx2 was observed, and treatment with the HDAC inhibitor panobinostat suppressed tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo.
Article
Pathology
Giuseppe Broggi, Manuel Mazzucchelli, Renato Covello, Beatrice Casini, Giuseppe Maria Vincenzo Broggi, Lucia Salvatorelli, Gaetano Magro
Summary: This study reports, for the first time, a case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma showing diffuse aberrant immunohistochemical expression of STAT6. Molecular biology was crucial in ruling out SFT by demonstrating the HEY1-NCOA2 fusion gene.
PATHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jatin Gandhi, Jose G. Mantilla, Robert W. Ricciotti, Eleanor Y. Chen, Yajuan J. Liu, Anshu Bandhlish
Summary: We report a case of myoepithelial carcinoma in a 46-year-old male with a novel CTCF::NCOA2 gene fusion. This fusion has not been previously described in myoepithelial carcinoma. The tumor consisted of spindled, epithelioid/ovoid cells arranged in a specific pattern, and demonstrated variable staining on immunohistochemistry. Molecular analysis revealed an in-frame CTCF::NCOA2 fusion.
GENES CHROMOSOMES & CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Lauren E. Barber, Trang VoPham, Laura F. White, Hemant K. Roy, Julie R. Palmer, Kimberly A. Bertrand
Summary: Results from the Black Women's Health Study suggest that long-term night shift work may increase the risk of colorectal cancer in Black women.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Rong Bu, Abdul K. Siraj, Tariq Masoodi, Sandeep Kumar Parvathareddy, Kaleem Iqbal, Maha Al-Rasheed, Wael Haqawi, Mark Diaz, Ingrid G. Victoria, Saud M. Aldughaither, Saif S. Al-Sobhi, Fouad Al-Dayel, Khawla S. Al-Kuraya
Summary: This study evaluated the prevalence of MAP2K1 mutations in PTC and CRC in the Middle Eastern population, finding rates of 1.1% and 0.9%, respectively, in MAPK wildtype cases. The mutually exclusive nature of MAP2K1 and MAPK mutations suggests that they may function as initiating mutations in tumorigenesis.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sung Kook Chun, Bridget M. Fortin, Rachel C. Fellows, Amber N. Habowski, Amandine Verlande, Wei A. Song, Alisa L. Mahieu, Austin E. Y. T. Lefebvre, Jason N. Sterrenberg, Leandro M. Velez, Michelle A. Digman, Robert A. Edwards, Nicholas R. Pannunzio, Marcus M. Seldin, Marian L. Waterman, Selma Masri
Summary: An alarming rise in young onset colorectal cancer (CRC) has been reported, but the underlying molecular mechanism is unknown. Lifestyle and dietary factors are suspected risk factors for young onset CRC. Clock disruption, both genetically and environmentally, accelerates Apc-driven CRC pathogenesis. Using an intestinal organoid model, researchers show that clock disruption promotes transformation by driving Apc loss of heterozygosity and hyperactivating Wnt signaling.
Article
Oncology
Matthieu Delaye, Sabrina Ibadioune, Catherine Julie, Cristi Marin, Renato Lupinacci, Sophie Vacher, Ladidi Ahmanache, Samantha Antonio, Anne Schnitzler, Bruno Buecher, Pascale Mariani, Yves Allory, Olfa T. Grati, Jean F. Emile, Cindy Neuzillet, Ivan Bieche
Summary: Gene fusions in colorectal cancer patients, while rare, provide new therapeutic opportunities. This study used a commercially available NGS-based fusion panel to assess the rates of gene fusions in MSI/RAS-BRAF(c) CRC patients. The results showed a fusion rate of 25.9% in MSI/RAS-BRAF(WT) samples, mainly involving NTRK1/3, ALK, and BRAF. These findings highlight the overrepresentation of targetable gene fusions in MSI/RAS-BRAF(WT) CRC patients, suggesting the use of a two-step algorithm for molecular screening.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Tadashi Yamamuro, Shuhei Nakamura, Kyosuke Yanagawa, Ayaka Tokumura, Tsuyoshi Kawabata, Atsunori Fukuhara, Hirofumi Teranishi, Maho Hamasaki, Iichiro Shimomura, Tamotsu Yoshimori
Summary: Fasting decreases RUBCN levels and increases autophagy in adipocytes. Loss of RUBCN promotes a metabolic response to fasting via increasing autophagic activity.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
K. S. Tewari, B. J. Monk, I Vergote, A. Miller, A. C. de Melo, H-S Kim, Y. M. Kim, A. Lisyanskaya, V Samouelian, D. Lorusso, F. Damian, C-L Chang, E. A. Gotovkin, S. Takahashi, D. Ramone, J. Pikiel, B. Mackowiak-Matejczyk, E. M. Guerra Alia, N. Colombo, Y. Makarova, D. Rischin, S. Lheureux, K. Hasegawa, K. Fujiwara, J. Li, S. Jamil, V Jankovic, C- Chen, F. Seebach, D. M. Weinreich, G. D. Yancopoulos, I Lowy, M. Mathias, M. G. Fury, A. Oaknin
Summary: Patients with recurrent cervical cancer after first-line platinum-containing chemotherapy showed significantly longer overall survival and progression-free survival when treated with Cemiplimab compared to single-agent chemotherapy. Overall, there was a higher objective response rate and lower incidence of grade 3 or higher adverse events in the Cemiplimab group.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jae Heon Jeong, Jae Won Yun, Ha Young Kim, Chan Yeong Heo, Sejoon Lee
Summary: This study aimed to identify key genes and cancer-related pathways specific for P:R fusion-positive CRC. Additionally, actionable drugs were inferred using bioinformatics analysis based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data.
Article
Cell Biology
Soh Okano, Yuya Yamashiro, Hiroko Onagi, Keita Sasa, Takuo Hayashi, Makoto Takahashi, Kiichi Sugimoto, Kazuhiro Sakamoto, Takashi Yao, Tsuyoshi Saito
Summary: This study investigated 951 colorectal cancer lesions and found that 15 cases (1.6%) had targetable tyrosine kinase alterations, including 3 cases of NTRK fusion, 3 cases of ALK fusion, and 9 cases of MET exon 14 skipping. These lesions showed distinct clinicopathological features.
Article
Surgery
Joseph R. Habib, Benedict Kinny-Koster, Patrick Bou-Samra, Ranim Alsaad, Elisabetta Sereni, Ammar A. Javed, Ding Ding, John L. Cameron, Kelly J. Lafaro, William R. Burns, Jin He, Jun Yu, Christopher L. Wolfgang, Richard A. Burkhart
Summary: This study aimed to develop a predictive model of oncologic outcomes for patients with PDAC undergoing resection after neoadjuvant or induction chemotherapy. By analyzing data from 581 patients, it was found that the type of chemotherapeutic used and the number of chemotherapy cycles received preoperatively were associated with overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Other factors contributing to survival models included tumor grade, histopathologic response to therapy, nodal status, and administration of adjuvant chemotherapy. The validated models had concordance indices of 0.68 and 0.65 for OS and RFS, respectively.
Review
Cell Biology
Hongyan Chen, Xiaoting Zhang, Hao Su, Judeng Zeng, Hung Chan, Qing Li, Xiaodong Liu, Lin Zhang, William Ka Kei Wu, Matthew Tak Vai Chan, Huarong Chen
Summary: Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome caused by immune dysfunction in response to infection. It is a highly heterogeneous condition with complex mechanisms. The immune response to sepsis includes both hyper-inflammatory and immune-suppressive phases, and dysregulated m6A modifications play a significant role in immune cell changes during sepsis.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yi Bao, Jianning Zhai, Huarong Chen, Chi Chun Wong, Cong Liang, Yanqiang Ding, Dan Huang, Hongyan Gou, Danyu Chen, Yasi Pan, Wei Kang, Ka Fai To, Jun Yu
Summary: YTHDF1 plays a crucial role in the tumour immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer by regulating the m(6)A-p65-CXCL1/CXCR2 pathway, affecting anti-tumour immune response, and serving as a potential target for immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Minako Nagai, Michael J. Wright, Ding Ding, Elizabeth D. Thompson, Ammar A. Javed, Matthew J. Weiss, Ralph H. Hruban, Jun Yu, Richard A. Burkhart, Jin He, John L. Cameron, Christopher L. Wolfgang, William R. Burns
Summary: Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and liver metastasis usually undergo palliative chemotherapy, while those with metastatic colorectal cancer are often considered for aggressive surgery. This study found that in select patients, curative-intent surgery for isolated liver metastasis in PDAC can result in meaningful survival, especially in those who received induction chemotherapy.
JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jinglin Zhang, Bonan Chen, Hui Li, Yifei Wang, Xiaoli Liu, Kit Yee Wong, Wai Nok Chan, Aden K. Y. Chan, Alvin H. k Cheung, Kam Tong Leung, Yujuan Dong, Yi Pan, Huixing Ke, Li Liang, Zhaocai Zhou, Jianyong Xiao, Chi Chun Wong, William K. K. Wu, Alfred S. L. Cheng, Brigette B. Y. Ma, Jun Yu, Kwok Wai Lo, Wei Kang, Ka Fai To
Summary: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer worldwide, and the tumor microenvironment, specifically cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), plays a crucial role in promoting CRC progression.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Feiyu Shi, Gaixia Liu, Yufeng Lin, Cosmos Liutao Guo, Jing Han, Eagle S. H. Chu, Chengxin Shi, Yaguang Li, Haowei Zhang, Chenhao Hu, Ruihan Liu, Shuixiang He, Gang Guo, Yinnan Chen, Xiang Zhang, Olabisi Oluwabukola Coker, Sunny Hei Wong, Jun Yu, Junjun She
Summary: Appendectomy is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) due to gut microbial dysbiosis. A longitudinal study (cohort 1, n = 129,155) showed a 73.0% increase in CRC risk among appendectomy cases during a 20-year follow-up period. Fecal samples from another cohort (n = 314) revealed dysbiosis in the gut microbiome of appendectomy subjects, with enrichment of CRC-promoting bacteria and depletion of beneficial commensals. Microbial network analysis indicated stronger correlations and enriched oncogenic pathways among bacteria in appendectomy subjects compared to controls. Appendectomy was also found to promote colorectal tumorigenesis in mice through microbial dysbiosis and impaired intestinal barrier function. This study highlights the importance of the gut microbiome in CRC development following appendectomy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yun Qian, Lianxin Zhou, Simson Tsz Yat Luk, Jiaying Xu, Weilin Li, Hongyan Gou, Huarong Chen, Wei Kang, Jun Yu, Chi Chun Wong
Summary: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing globally. We identified SCNN1B as a down-regulated gene in CRC that acts as a tumor suppressor. SCNN1B mRNA and protein expression levels were decreased in primary CRC and CRC cells. In a cohort study, SCNN1B protein was an independent prognostic factor associated with favorable outcomes in CRC. Overexpression of SCNN1B in CRC cell lines inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and suppressed cell migration. Xenograft models confirmed the tumor suppressive function of SCNN1B in vivo. Mechanistically, SCNN1B suppressed the MAPK signaling pathway by inhibiting the activation of c-Raf, a downstream target of KRAS.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maura Marcucci, Thomas W. Painter, David Conen, Vladimir Lomivorotov, Daniel Sessler, Matthew T. V. Chan, Flavia K. Borges, Kate Leslie, Emmanuelle Duceppe, Maria Jose Martinez-Zapata, Chew Yin Wang, Denis Xavier, Sandra N. Ofori, Michael Ke Wang, Sergey Efremov, Giovanni Landoni, Ydo Kleinlugtenbelt, Wojciech Szczeklik, Denis Schmartz, Amit X. Garg, Timothy G. Short, Maria Wittmann, Christian S. Meyhoff, Mohammed Amir, David Torres, Ameen Patel, Kurt Ruetzler, Joel L. Parlow, Vikas Tandon, Edith Fleischmann, Carisi A. Polanczyk, Andre Lamy, Raja Jayaram, Sergey V. Astrakov, William Ka Kei Wu, Chao Chia Cheong, Sabry Ayad, Mikhail Kirov, Miriam de Nadal, Valery V. Likhvantsev, Pilar Paniagua, Hector J. Aguado, Kamal Maheshwari, Richard P. Whitlock, Michael H. McGillion, Jessica Vincent, Ingrid Copland, Kumar Balasubramanian, Bruce M. Biccard, Sadeesh Srinathan, Samandar Ismoilov, Shirley Pettit, David Stillo, Andrea Kurz, Emilie P. Belley-Cote, Jessica Spence, William F. McIntyre, Shrikant Bangdiwala, Gordon Guyatt, Salim Yusuf, P. J. Devereaux
Summary: This study compared the effects of two different blood pressure management strategies, hypotension-avoidance and hypertension-avoidance, on major vascular complications after noncardiac surgery. The results showed that both strategies had similar incidence of major vascular complications.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
William Ka Kei Wu
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ru Zhang, Yunbi Ni, Cosmos L. T. Guo, Rashid N. S. Lui, William W. K. Wu, Joseph J. Y. Sung, Vincent W. S. Wong, Sunny H. Wong
Summary: This study investigated the clinical risk factors of colorectal sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) in Chinese individuals and found that dyslipidemia and diabetes were independent risk factors for SSLs.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jinglin Zhang, Bonan Chen, Yifei Wang, Xiaoli Liu, Huan Yan, Kit Yee Wong, Aden K. Y. Chan, Alvin H. K. Cheung, Chit Chow, Dazhi Xu, Shouyu Wang, Bing Huang, Li Liang, Huixing Ke, Chi Chun Wong, William K. K. Wu, Alfred S. L. Cheng, Jun Yu, Kwok Wai Lo, Ka Fai To, Wei Kang
Summary: This study reveals the oncogenic role of HOXB9 in gastric cancer and identifies CDK6 as its downstream effector. The E2F1-HOXB9/PBX2-CDK6 axis represents a novel mechanism driving gastric carcinogenesis and has prognostic and therapeutic implications.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xin-yue Zhang, Ze-xian Liu, Yi-fan Zhang, Li-xia Xu, Meng-ke Chen, Yu-feng Zhou, Jun Yu, Xiao-xing Li, Ning Zhang
Summary: Crotonylation plays a role in regulating HCC metastasis and invasion. Crotonylated SEPT2-K74-P85 alpha-AKT pathway facilitates cell invasion. High SEPT2-K74 crotonylation predicts poor prognosis and high recurrence rate in HCC patients.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yang Lyu, Fuda Xie, Bonan Chen, Wing Sum Shin, Wei Chen, Yulong He, Kam Tong Leung, Gary M. K. Tse, Jun Yu, Ka Fai To, Wei Kang
Summary: This review focuses on the complex interaction between the nervous system and gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, exploring the mechanisms of GI cancer development. It discusses the intricate relationship between the nervous system and GI tract development and tumor progression, as well as the feedback regulation of tumor cells on the nervous system. The review also highlights the influence of various components within the tumor microenvironment on GI cancer occurrence and progression. Furthermore, it emphasizes the transformation relationship between non-neuronal cells and neuronal cells, inspiring the development of nervous system-guided anti-tumor drugs.
Letter
Surgery
Sami Shoucair, Jun Yu