Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kekoa Taparra, Vera Qu, Erqi Pollom
Summary: This study compared comorbidity burden and survival among different ethnic groups with cancer. Results showed that Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander patients had the highest comorbidity burden and inferior survival outcomes compared to Asian and White patients, supporting the importance of disaggregating these groups in cancer studies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mulugeta Wassie, Debrework Tesgera Beshah, Yenework Mulu Tiruneh
Summary: This study aimed to assess the advanced stage presentation and its associated factors among colorectal cancer patients in northwest Ethiopia. A retrospective study was conducted among 367 CRC patients, and the results showed that the magnitude of advanced stage presentation of colorectal cancer was 83.1%. Being rural dwellers, not medically insured, patient delay, recurrence of the disease, and no comorbidity illness were identified as predictors of advanced stage presentation of CRC.
Article
Surgery
Katherine A. Hrebinko, Caroline Rieser, Ibrahim Nassour, Samer Tohme, Lindsay M. Sabik, Sidrah Khan, David S. Medich, Amer H. Zureikat, Richard S. Hoehn
Summary: This study found that patients with colon cancer treated at safety-net hospitals had inferior survival outcomes, even for those with stage 0 (in situ) disease. These findings suggest that unmeasured population differences may impact survival more than provider or treatment disparities.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Scarlett Hao, Rebecca A. Snyder, William Irish, Alexander A. Parikh
Summary: This study revealed disparities in colon cancer treatment based on race and insurance, with racial differences persisting even among patients with similar insurance coverage. Different disparities exist for different racial and ethnic groups.
Article
Oncology
Holly R. Harris, Kristin A. Guertin, Tareq F. Camacho, Courtney E. Johnson, Anna H. Wu, Patricia G. Moorman, Evan Myers, Traci N. Bethea, Elisa Bandera, Charlotte E. Joslin, Heather M. Ochs-Balcom, Lauren C. Peres, Will T. Rosenow, Veronica W. Setiawan, Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel, Lauren F. Dempsey, Lynn Rosenberg, Joellen M. Schildkraut
Summary: Black women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer have lower survival rates compared to white women. Factors such as education, lifestyle, diabetes, hormone therapy, and tumor characteristics contribute to this disparity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Cimarron E. Sharon, Michael Wang, Gabriella N. Tortorello, Nikhita J. Perry, Kevin L. Ma, Julia C. Tchou, Oluwadamilola M. Fayanju, Najjia N. Mahmoud, John T. Miura, Giorgos C. Karakousis
Summary: Patients with multiple comorbidities are more likely to be diagnosed with early-stage colon cancer but late-stage breast cancer. This finding may reflect differences in practice patterns for routine screening in these patients. Providers should continue guideline directed screenings to detect cancers at an earlier stage and optimize outcomes.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hye-Su You, Dong Hyun Kim, Seo-Yeon Cho, Seon-Young Park, Chang Hwan Park, Hyun-Soo Kim, Sung Kyu Choi
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical course of patients with colonic diverticular bleeding (CDB) and identified risk factors for recurrent CDB (rCDB). The results showed that high Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) scores and distribution of colon diverticula were associated with rCDB.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anika Sehgal, Cheryl Barnabe, Lynden Crowshoe
Summary: Patient complexity assessment tools (PCATs) are used to collect vital information for effective care delivery to patients with complexity. This scoping review reveals a significant gap in the utility of existing PCATs to address the social realities of Indigenous patients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jii Bum Lee, Kyung-A Kim, Ho Yeon Cho, DooA Kim, Won Kyu Kim, Dongeun Yong, Hyukmin Lee, Sang Sun Yoon, Dai Hoon Han, Yoon Dae Han, Soonmyung Paik, Mi Jang, Han Sang Kim, Joong Bae Ahn
Summary: The study found that enrichment of Fusobacterium nucleatum in right-sided metastatic colon cancers is significantly associated with worse prognosis in terms of progression-free survival 1 and progression-free survival 2.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Wendy S. Darlington, Adam L. Green
Summary: This editorial discusses the current understanding of geographic differences affecting outcomes for adolescent and young adult cancer patients and explores potential future directions to mitigate these effects.
Review
Pediatrics
Martha-Conley Ingram, Sasha Becker, Sydney L. Olson, Stacy Tsai, Arjun Sarkar, David H. Rothstein, Erik D. Skarsgard, Mehul Raval
Summary: This article presents a systematic review of the literature examining disparities in surgical care and outcomes for pediatric patients of Indigenous ethnicity. The results indicate significant disparities in birth malformations, trauma, general surgery/appendicitis, otolaryngology, and renal transplant surgeries. Surgeons play a crucial role in identifying and eliminating Indigenous ethnicity-based pediatric health disparities.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jeffrey M. Howard, Karabi Nandy, Solomon L. Woldu, Vitaly Margulis
Summary: This study revealed significant disparities in treatment decision-making for patients with kidney cancer, with increased rates of non-guideline-based treatment for women and Black and Hispanic patients. Further research into the mechanisms underlying these disparities is warranted.
Article
Oncology
Katherine S. Garman, Hannahsofia Brown, Priya Alagesan, Shannon J. Mccall, Steven Patierno, Qichen Wang, Frances Wang, Terry Hyslop, Meira Epplein
Summary: The study found that Hp testing and treatment can significantly reduce the risk of death for patients at risk or diagnosed with gastric cancer, especially when done within 1 year prior to or at diagnosis. These findings support the promotion and enhancement of Hp testing and treatment in the US to reduce disparities in gastric cancer mortality.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Siji Zhu, Shuai Li, Jiahui Huang, Xiaochun Fei, Kunwei Shen, Xiaosong Chen
Summary: The time interval between diagnosis and surgery for breast cancer patients has an impact on survival, but its exact effect remains unclear. Research shows that a delay of more than 2 weeks in undergoing surgery after diagnosis is associated with poor disease outcomes, highlighting the need for early initiation of treatment to improve survival.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Xue Qin Yu, Mei Ling Yap, Elvin S. Cheng, Preston J. Ngo, Pavla Vaneckova, Deme Karikios, Karen Canfell, Marianne F. Weber
Summary: This study in a large prospective cohort in Australia found that women with lung cancer tend to have longer survival than men. Known prognostic factors account for the sex-related survival disparity.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sophie Pilleron, Helen Gower, Maryska Janssen-Heijnen, Virginia Claire Signal, Jason K. Gurney, Eva J. A. Morris, Ruth Cunningham, Diana Sarfati
Summary: This systematic review identified age disparities in cancer survival using colon and lung cancer as examples. The study found that factors such as sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, stage at diagnosis, cancer site, morphology, number of nodes examined, and treatment strategy greatly influenced the magnitude of age disparities in survival. Further research is needed to better understand these age disparities in colon and lung cancer survival.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
R. Cunningham, A. Milner, S. Gibb, V Rijnberg, G. Disney, A. M. Kavanagh
Summary: Through a longitudinal study, it was found that unemployment is significantly associated with suicide and self-harm, even among individuals without prior mental health issues.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Raymond Nairn, Tim McCreanor
Summary: This article underscores the significant contribution of the standard story of New Zealand history and Pakeha race-talk to the social control of Maori and the naturalisation of racism. Analyzing a newspaper column by Sir Robert Jones, the study reveals how humor is used to perpetuate colonizing expectations in Aotearoa through familiar themes and resources of Pakeha race-talk. It calls for steps to displace and depower colonizing talk in order to foster a culturally just and equitable society.
KOTUITUI-NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES ONLINE
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Rachel Ann Barry, Sarah E. Hill, Sarah Williams, Jeff Collin
Summary: This study explores the challenges and complexities of tobacco control and policy protection in the UK Overseas Territories (UKOTs). Despite not being formal members of the FCTC, some territories see strategic value in invoking Article 5.3 to address conflicts with economic priorities. However, effective tobacco control governance is complicated by the territories' reliance on local businesses and close social connections.
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Heather Came, Maria Baker, Brian McKenna, Tim McCreanor
Summary: Nationwide surveys in 2010 and 2015 revealed inconsistent government management of public health providers, which disadvantaged Maori providers and indicated institutional racism. A follow-up telephone survey conducted from December 2019 to March 2020 included responses from public health units, primary health organizations, Maori health providers, and non-governmental organizations. The findings showed that Maori provider experiences did not improve, and generic providers reported less favorable conditions. Qualitative data highlighted the dependence on individual managers and inconsistency across providers. Maori providers expressed frustration with contracting environments and emphasized the need for recognition as Te Tiriti o Waitangi partners, flexibility, longer contracts, and support to meet community needs. The implications of this nationwide survey are considered for the Maori Health Authority.
KOTUITUI-NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES ONLINE
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Sarah E. Hill, Paula Johns, Rima T. Nakkash, Jeff Collin
Summary: Tobacco control has achieved remarkable successes and can serve as a model for addressing non-communicable disease epidemics. The harms caused by tobacco and other unhealthy commodity industries highlight the need for collaboration across health, development, and environmental agendas. Embracing a commercial determinants of health perspective is crucial for advancing tobacco control and promoting sustainable development.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. Kidd, H. Came, T. McCreanor
Summary: Racism is a significant factor that contributes to health inequities. This study examines the dynamics of racism and generates anti-racism interventions using stories of racism from nurses. Vignettes are utilized to identify sites of racism and propose interventions.
HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Ethnic Studies
Te Raina Gunn, Helen Moewaka Barnes, Timothy McCreanor
Summary: The research used the A Wairua Approach to explore the experiences of two participants on Anzac Day, analyzing the meanings and connections related to genealogy and the mana of the 28th (Maori) Battalion, and discussing the participants' responses to Anzac Day and the meanings it held for them.
ALTERNATIVE-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Jenni Manuel, Ruth Cunningham, Sheree Gibb, Frederieke S. Petrovic-van der Deen, Richard J. Porter, Suzanne Pitama, Marie Crowe, Sue Crengle, Gawen Carr, Cameron Lacey
Summary: This study found that prior to the first episode of psychosis, non-Indigenous youth had privileges in multiple sectors compared to Indigenous youth, indicating social disparities. These disparities are likely to result in further inequities in recovery.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Antonia C. Lyons, Ian Goodwin, Nicholas Carah, Jessica Young, Angela Moewaka Barnes, Timothy McCreanor
Summary: This article explores the concept of 'limbic platform capitalism' and its impact on the health and wellbeing of individuals, communities, and populations. Social media platforms, through the use of personalized data and influencing users' emotions and desires, drive the sales and delivery of limbic products. This phenomenon has been exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Existing regulatory frameworks are inadequate in addressing this issue.
ADDICTION RESEARCH & THEORY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ruth Cunningham, Paula Toko King, Kendra Telfer, Sue Crengle, Julia Carr, James Stanley, Sheree Gibb, Bridget Robson
Summary: This study in New Zealand showed that individuals released from incarceration experience high mortality rates, particularly in the first month after release, with chronic conditions and external causes being the main contributors to death.
SSM-POPULATION HEALTH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Substance Abuse
Marita Hefler, Sarah J. Durkin, Joanna E. Cohen, Lisa Henriksen, Richard O'Connor, Joaquin Barnoya, Sarah E. Hill, Ruth E. Malone
Article
Psychiatry
Mau Te Rangimarie Clark, Jenni Manuel, Cameron Lacey, Suzanne Pitama, Ruth Cunningham, Jennifer Jordan
Summary: The experiences and treatment needs of Maori with eating disorders are different from those of non-Maori. The key themes identified include cumulative exposure, treatment complexities, and resource empowerment.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Primary Health Care
Ruth Cunningham, Fiona Imlach, Helen Lockett, Cameron Lacey, Tracy Haitana, Susanna Every-Palmer, Mau Te Rangimarie Clark, Debbie Peterson
Summary: This study investigated the experiences of people with mental health and substance use conditions (MHSUC) who sought help for physical health conditions in primary healthcare services. The study found that although most respondents reported being treated with respect and listened to in primary care, certain conditions (such as the number and type of diagnoses and the person's ethnicity) influenced the quality of care. Therefore, interventions to reduce discrimination and diagnostic overshadowing for MHSUC patients are necessary in primary care services in New Zealand.
JOURNAL OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rebecca M. F. Hewer, Sarah Hill, Amanda Amos
Summary: While smoking is banned on school premises in most European countries, young people experience wide variation in implementation, leading to limitations in the understanding and application of smoke-free school policies.
CRITICAL PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)