Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Marzena Kwapinska, Alen Horvat, David A. Agar, James J. Leahy
Summary: The study found that in pyrolysis at pilot scale, the char yield was lower while the gas yield was higher compared to laboratory scale. The quality of gas produced from anaerobically digested sewage sludge blended with forest residues was evaluated, with a focus on assessing impurities such as tar, NH3, and H2S. The results showed that the pyrolysis gas had significant amounts of tar and NH3, exceeding the specifications of the internal combustion engine used.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hammad Siddiqi, Subrata Biswas, Usha Kumari, V. N. V. Hima Bindu, Subhrajit Mukherjee, B. C. Meikap
Summary: This study investigated the conversion of rice stubble feedstock to thermochemical route through kinetic and thermodynamic analysis. The feedstock showed high energy potential with 47.61% carbon content and 14.43 MJ kg-1 heating value. Kinetics analysis revealed a chain initiation and propagation mechanism, along with significant kinetic compensation effect, and a fitting percentage of 69.34% was achieved between experimental data and empirical model.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sandeep Gairola, Shishir Sinha, Inderdeep Singh
Summary: The study investigates the thermal kinetics and pyrolysis behavior of lignin extracted from barnyard millet husk (L-BMH) and finger millet husk (L-FMH) crop residue. Characterization techniques and TGA were used, and the results show the potential use of the extracted lignin as a flame retardant in polymer composites.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Justas Eimontas, Nerijus Striugas, Kestutis Zakarauskas, Kestutis Navickas, Kestutis Venslauskas
Summary: Marine biomass, especially waste containing cellulose and hemicellulose, can be converted into energy products through anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis processes. This study found that using anaerobic co-digestion and pyrolysis technologies to treat seaweed waste can produce high amounts of biogas and liquid products, with potential economic returns.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jeremy Colombiano, Benjamin Batiot, Virginie Drean, Franck Richard, Eric Guillaume, Thomas Rogaume
Summary: This paper investigates the burning of wood through the pyrolysis zone experimentally and numerically in order to characterize the solid phenomena in a more comprehensive way and improve prediction accuracy.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hassan Khodaei, Luis Gonzalez, Sergio Chapela, Jacobo Porteiro, Petr Nikrityuk, Chris Olson
Summary: This paper presents a combined CFD simulation study on the thermal conversion of biomass to biochar and the co-combustion of air and biomass volatiles in an industrial pyrolysis plant. The main objective is to investigate the challenges associated with biochar production and strategies to improve biochar quality.
Article
Thermodynamics
Guo Ren Mong, William Woei Fong Chong, Siti Aminah Mohd Nor, Jo-Han Ng, Cheng Tung Chong, Rubia Idris, Jingwei Too, Meng Choung Chiong, Mohd Azman Abas
Summary: The rising environmental concern over industrial waste disposal has driven the exploration of alternative management methods. The waste-to-energy route has garnered interest as a potential way to transform uncontrollable waste into energy-rich by-products. Waste activated sludge from the food manufacturing industry has been investigated as a novel feedstock for pyrolysis, showing promise in the conversion into valuable bio-products.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Hesameddin Fatehi, Wubin Weng, Zhongshan Li, Xue-Song Bai, Marcus Alden
Summary: Biomass is a renewable energy source that can be converted to various products. Thermochemical conversion is the most efficient method, capable of producing gas or liquid fuels, and heat and electricity. Research in biomass thermochemical conversion is actively growing, with new experimental methods and numerical modeling being introduced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Bahareh Vafakish, Amin Babaei-Ghazvini, Mahmood Ebadian, Bishnu Acharya
Summary: This study investigates the pyrolysis and combustion of flax straw as biofuel and evaluates the degradation products using TGA-FTIR technique. The results show notable differences in the degradation products produced during pyrolysis and combustion, as well as variations in the activation energies and frequency factors of flax straw biomass.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yongchang Feng, Lin Chen, Yuki Kanda, Anna Suzuki, Atsuki Komiya, Shigenao Maruyama
Summary: Artificial fractures in methane hydrate reservoirs can significantly improve hydrate dissociation and gas production efficiency, particularly in the early depressurization stage. Higher fracture permeability may shorten the economical production stage but lead to higher production rates. Furthermore, fractures facilitate the flow of hot water into the sediment, enhancing production efficiency during the economical production stage.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Dengji Zhou, Dawen Huang, Huisheng Zhang, Jianhua Yang
Summary: Gas path fault diagnosis is crucial for the economy, safety, and practicability of gas turbines. Traditional methods are susceptible to uncertainties, but periodic analysis can improve the accuracy of health evaluation. This study proposes a novel periodic analysis method for detecting gas path faults by analyzing the periodicity of performance parameters. Simulation experiments validate the effectiveness, and an online diagnosis procedure is introduced for accurate health assessment of gas turbines.
Article
Thermodynamics
Leticia de Oliveira Silva Della Colletta, Osvaldo Jose Venturini, Rubenildo Vieira Andrade, Alberto Ricardo Albis Arrieta, Katherine Pugliese Barbosa, York Castillo Santiago, Leandro A. Sphaier
Summary: This study conducted a non-isothermal thermo-kinetic analysis to investigate the effect of temperature and heating rate on the composition of gases evolved during the pyrolysis of oil sludge. The results suggest that increasing the process temperature and heating rate can effectively treat the oil sludge and recover energy, bio-char, and bio-oil simultaneously.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Meng Wang, Haiwang Li, Ruquan You
Summary: This paper provides a mechanistic-level explanation of the influence of the thermal radiation term on the energy equation and introduces two novel dimensionless parameters that can effectively reflect the radiation impact on scaling criteria. It also proposes three parameter matching schemes for data matching under high and low temperature conditions. The method proposed in this paper can provide valuable insights into film cooling behavior under realistic gas turbine conditions.
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hamid Reza Karbasian, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani, Aliyu Musa Aliyu, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: This study numerically investigates the kinematics of dynamic stall and found that the different movements of the blade with the same angle of attack can significantly affect the aerodynamic loads and dynamic stall process. The pure-pitching motion induces higher drag force on the airfoil compared to the pure-heaving motion, while the pure-heaving motion causes excessive turbulence in the boundary layer, leading to more stable coherent structures and higher lift at post-stall.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Charles B. Felix, Wei-Hsin Chen, Aristotle T. Ubando, Young-Kwon Park, Kun-Yi Andrew Lin, Arivalagan Pugazhendhi, Thanh-Binh Nguyen, Cheng-Di Dong
Summary: This review highlights the benefits of using thermogravimetry for biomass gasification, focusing on the determination of kinetic parameters and other relevant gasification parameters. The future trends may involve blending different biomass feedstocks and implementing artificial intelligence for improved gasifier designs and data processing.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mawaheb Mouftahi, Nawel Tlili, Nejib Hidouri, Pietro Bartocci, Francesco Fantozzi
Summary: Tunisia faces a shortage of conventional energy resources and a growing volume of organic wastes. This study explores the potential of anaerobic digestion to utilize bio-wastes for energy production and mitigate environmental issues. Experimental results demonstrate a net yield of biomethane of 0.384 Nm(3)/kg VS and a biodegradability of 66.89%. The Gompertz model showed the best fit for predicting the anaerobic digestion process.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Alessandra Ghilardi, Guido Francesco Frate, Andrea Baccioli, Dario Ulivieri, Lorenzo Ferrari, Umberto Desideri, Lorenzo Cosi, Simone Amidei, Vittorio Michelassi
Summary: The waste heat recovery from gas turbine exhaust is a common method to improve performance and reduce CO2 emissions in industrial facilities. This study compares several alternative technologies, including ORCs, RCs with water and ammonia mixtures, supercritical CO2 cycles, and sCO2 cycles with CO2 mixtures, for recovering gas turbine waste heat. The results show that ORCs can achieve the lowest levelized cost of energy if flammable fluids can be used, while Rankine cycles with a constant composition mixture of water and ammonia are a promising alternative.
JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nan Zheng, Hanfei Zhang, Liqiang Duan, Qiushi Wang, Aldo Bischi, Umberto Desideri
Summary: The present study proposes a novel multi-generation system that integrates various renewable energy sources for efficient energy production and utilization. The system consists of a solar-driven proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell, a solid-oxide fuel cell, a parabolic trough photovoltaic thermal collector, and thermal energy storage. The system stores surplus solar electricity as high-pressure green hydrogen and utilizes it with a hydrogen-fueled solid-oxide fuel cell to meet the electricity demand at night. The system also utilizes solar heat and waste heat for cooling/heating and domestic hot water production. The techno-economic feasibility of the system is evaluated, and the results show excellent energy and economic performance.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Simin Anvari, Andrzej Szlek, Alessia Arteconi, Umberto Desideri, Marc A. Rosen
Summary: This paper proposes a cogeneration system using biomass fuels for electricity and cooling, and investigates the effects of different steam injection methods on system efficiency and performance. Through analysis and comparison, it is concluded that the cycle with simultaneous steam injection into both the gasifier and combustion chamber offers the best thermodynamic, economic, and environmental balance. The paper also conducts a parametric study to validate the results.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wang Lu, Pietro Bartocci, Alberto Abad, Arturo Cabello, Margarita de Las Obras Loscertales, Teresa Mendiara, Liang Wang, Qi Chen, Yingquan Chen, Xianhua Wang, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen, Mauro Zampilli, Francesco Fantozzi
Summary: Coupling a Chemical Looping Combustor fed with biofuels with a turbo expander is a promising Negative Emissions Technology (NET) to realize climate neutral targets in China and Europe. A Eulerian-Lagrangian hybrid model is developed to predict the performance of a Fuel Reactor under different pressures, and the results show that the increase in pressure promotes the conversion of CO and inhibits the conversion of H2.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hamed Chehrmonavari, Amirhasan Kakaee, Seyed Ehsan Hosseini, Umberto Desideri, George Tsatsaronis, Gus Floerchinger, Robert Braun, Amin Paykani
Summary: There is a growing demand for new energy conversion devices with high efficiency and low emissions. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have received attention due to their advantages in efficiency, fuel flexibility, low emissions, and waste heat utilization. The integration of SOFCs with internal combustion engines (ICEs) can further increase overall system efficiency and has potential applications in stationary power generation and heavy-duty systems.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bin Cao, Shuanhu Hu, Kai Zhu, Cheng Pan, Fatma Marrakchi, Jun Ni, Chuan Yuan, Lili Qian, Hao Chen, Jianping Yuan, Abdelfatah Abomohra, Pietro Bartocci, Francesco Fantozzi, Shuang Wang
Summary: The effects of biochemical components and processing variables on the product yields and biofuel quality during fast hydrothermal liquefaction of CO2-tolerant microalgae were investigated. Results showed that the maximum bio-oil yield was obtained at specific conditions, and ethanol concentration had the highest impact on bio-oil yield. Furthermore, the increase of ethanol concentration improved the bio-oil quality by reducing carboxylic acids and nitrogen-containing compounds while enhancing the esters content. Fast hydrothermal liquefaction is a promising approach to produce high-quality biofuels from microalgae.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lorenzo Ferrari, Gianluca Pasini, Umberto Desideri
Summary: The need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is driving actions to decarbonize the energy sector. Increasing the penetration of renewable energy could help reduce emissions, but the variable nature of solar and wind power poses challenges. This study investigates the potential impact of increasing renewable energy in Italy and provides a useful evaluation platform that can be replicated in other countries.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Guido Francesco Frate, Lorenzo Ferrari, Paolo Sdringola, Umberto Desideri, Adriano Sciacovelli
Summary: This paper investigates the performance of multi-energy storage based on the Thermally Integrated Pumped Energy Storage (TIPTES) technology. The results show that TIPTES performs better than lithium-ion batteries in terms of thermodynamic efficiency and reduction of curtailed renewables. However, the high capital cost of TIPTES currently makes it financially unfeasible.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Umberto Desideri, Alaa Krayem, Eva Thorin
Summary: In recent years, energy prices in Europe have reached unprecedented levels and exhibited unexpected fluctuations. This paper investigates the fuel markets in Italy and incorporates insights from Sweden. The results reveal that Italy heavily relies on natural gas, with prices starting to rise at the end of 2021 despite minimal changes in demand during the period of 2017-2022.
Article
Thermodynamics
Sebastian Schaer, Aldo Bischi, Andrea Baccioli, Umberto Desideri, Jutta Geldermann
Summary: Many arid and semi-arid regions face freshwater scarcity and rely on seawater desalination. Seawater reverse osmosis (RO) is widely used due to its efficiency and low costs, but the energy sources are often from fossil fuels. The substitution by renewable energy sources (RES) is critical, but obstacles such as volatility and cost of electrical energy storage (EES) need to be overcome.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
R. Christodoulaki, I. S. Akmandor, O. Bayer, U. Desideri, L. Ferrari, G. F. Frate, V. Drosou
Summary: This article presents the materials selection, design, and dimensioning process of a latent heat storage tank that operates between a high-temperature heat pump and an Organic Rankine Cycle unit. The chosen heat storage material is the S117 Phase Change Material, with a melting point at 117°C, which matches the system's operational temperature at approximately 120°C. The tank configuration is optimized for efficient heat transfer, based on practical experience and is described in detail. Additionally, simulation results from the Computational Fluid Dynamic study are presented. This work should be beneficial for engineers designing compact heat storage tanks for medium-temperature applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ziyi Lu, Hanfei Zhang, Liqiang Duan, Qiushi Wang, Andrea Baccioli, Umberto Desideri
Summary: This research proposes a combined cooling, heating, and power system that integrates an ammonia-driven molten carbonate fuel cell and solar energy. The system's energy, exergy, environmental, and economic performance are comprehensively analyzed, and multi-objective optimization is conducted to balance cost-effectiveness and energy efficiency.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ziyi Lu, Hanfei Zhang, Liqiang Duan, Ruiyun Zhang, Chengzhuang Lu, Umberto Desideri
Summary: Hydrogen fuel cells can utilize ammonia as a carrier to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Research shows that direct ammonia molten carbonate fuel cells perform optimally at 680 degrees C with an ammonia conversion rate of 91.6%.
Article
Thermodynamics
Simin Anvari, David Vera, Roque Aguado, Francisco Jurado, Umberto Desideri
Summary: This article explores the feasibility of utilizing olive oil waste for biomass gasification in combined heat and power systems in Moroccan mills. The experimental results show that the system has an energy efficiency of 42% and an exergy efficiency of 19%. Investment expenses contribute significantly to the system costs, and the cost of exergy destruction is also important.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
