Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luis Alberto Sanchez-Vargas, Karina Guadalupe Hernandez-Flores, Francisco Javier Cabrera-Jorge, Jose Maria Remes-Troche, Job Reyes-Huerta, Hector Vivanco-Cid
Summary: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by dietary gluten, while irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder affecting the large intestine. Research reveals a higher prevalence of IgA antibodies to maize zeins (AZA) in newly diagnosed CD patients compared to IBS patients, indicating a biased immune response to gliadin-related prolamins in genetically susceptible individuals.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fardowsa Abdi, Saania Zuberi, Jedid-Jah Blom, David Armstrong, Maria Ines Pinto-Sanchez
Summary: A gluten-free diet is essential for treating celiac disease and may improve symptoms in non-celiac gluten/wheat sensitivity. However, adopting a gluten-free diet or a gluten-restricted diet may increase the risk of malnutrition and nutrient deficiencies. Therefore, patients with these conditions should undergo nutritional assessment and monitoring, and receive multidisciplinary care for long-term nutrition management.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Pavan Dhoble, Philip Abraham, Devendra Desai, Anand Joshi, Tarun Gupta, Shachish Doctor, Anand Deshpande, Rajeshwari Basavanna
Summary: In a region in India where mixed-cereal diets are common, 11% of patients with IBS self-reported wheat sensitivity, with none having positive celiac serology. Most patients showed symptomatic improvement on a wheat-free diet.
JOURNAL OF NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christian Bojarski, Paul Tangermann, Christian Barmeyer, Juliane Buchkremer, Ralf Kiesslich, Mark Ellrichmann, Stefan Schreiber, Carsten Schmidt, Andreas Stallmach, Robert Roehle, Christoph Loddenkemper, Severin Daum, Britta Siegmund, Michael Schumann, Reiner Ullrich
Summary: The study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of confocal laser endomicroscopy for identifying wheat sensitivity in patients with IBS, showing low sensitivity and specificity.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Xiaoxue Zhu, Xin-Huai Zhao, Qiang Zhang, Na Zhang, Olugbenga P. Soladoye, Rotimi E. Aluko, Yuhao Zhang, Yu Fu
Summary: This article reviews the latest research progress on the relationship between celiac disease (CD) and gluten. It emphasizes the structure and function of gluten peptides related to CD, gluten detection methods, the effects of processing on gluten, and gluten-free diets. The limitations in current CD research are also discussed. This study facilitates a comprehensive understanding of CD and gluten, providing a theoretical reference for future research.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Joanna B. Bierla, Bozena Cukrowska, Barbara Skrzydlo-Radomanska, Beata Prozorow-Krol, Anetta Kurzeja-Miroslaw, Halina Cichoz-Lach, Katarzyna Laskowska, Agnieszka Sowinska, Emilia Majsiak
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of various antibodies in adult patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D), indicating the need for serological tests in this group. The study found a high percentage of positive results for the tested antibodies, suggesting possible overlap with other gastrointestinal disorders.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carlo Catassi, Giulia Catassi, Loris Naspi
Summary: This review article summarizes recent advances in nonceliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), a disorder characterized by varied symptoms and frequent irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like manifestations. The recent discovery of wheat components other than gluten as disease triggers suggests that nonceliac wheat sensitivity (NCWS) may be a better term. Self-reported NCWS is common, especially in gastroenterology clinic patients, but many diagnoses are not confirmed by standard clinical criteria. A biomarker for NCWS is lacking, although subtle histological features at small intestinal biopsy may aid in diagnosis. Treatment of NCWS is based on the gluten-free diet (GFD), which has proven effective for a significant proportion of NCWS-related IBS patients. Dietary therapies, including the GFD, should be offered by dietitians based on individual patient choice. Studies are underway to test the therapeutic efficacy of supplemental gluten-digesting enzymes in NCWS patients. Recent studies have provided insights into the pathophysiology and clinical features of NCWS, but many questions remain unanswered regarding its epidemiology, biomarkers, and natural history.
CURRENT OPINION IN CLINICAL NUTRITION AND METABOLIC CARE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anouk Reuze, Rosalie Delvert, Laetitia Perrin, Robert Benamouzig, Jean-Marc Sabate, Michel Bouchoucha, Benjamin Alles, Mathilde Touvier, Serge Hercberg, Chantal Julia, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
Summary: This study revealed that gluten avoidance was more prevalent among IBS participants compared to non-IBS participants, indicating the potential impact of diet on IBS warrants further exploration.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Laryssa Rosa de Sousa Franckilin, Anna Clara Paiva Menezes Dos Santos, Flavio Eduardo Dias Araujo Freitas, Isabela Garbazza Vieira, Carlos Eduardo de Freitas Jorge, Daniela Godoy Neri, Maria Vitoria Cota de Abreu, Janaina Koenen Fonseca, Renato Guimaraes Loffi, Giselle Foureaux
Summary: Gluten, the most common protein in wheat, is associated with celiac disease, wheat allergy, and non-celiac gluten sensitivity. These disorders have similar clinical manifestations but differ in development pathways and diagnostic criteria. A gluten-free diet is the most effective treatment for celiac disease and may also lead to improvements in neuropathologies and the gut microbiome.
FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michele J. Alkalay
Summary: Lactose malabsorption, celiac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity, and irritable bowel syndrome are conditions associated with food triggers and can cause nutritional detriments. This review provides an overview of the complex nutritional elements of these disorders, which is critical for medical providers to recognize.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
A. Rej, A. Avery, I Aziz, C. J. Black, R. K. Bowyer, R. L. Buckle, L. Seamark, C. C. Shaw, J. Thompson, N. Trott, M. Williams, D. S. Sanders
Summary: There is a renewed interest in using dietary therapies to manage irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), with traditional dietary advice (TDA), gluten-free diet (GFD) and low FODMAP diet (LFD) being the main focus. Evidence shows that TDA is effective based on case control studies and clinical experience, while randomized controlled trials (RCT) have proven the benefits of soluble fiber in IBS. Short-term studies show the efficacy of GFD, but long-term outcomes are lacking. LFD has good evidence for short-term and long-term benefits. There is currently no evidence to suggest one diet is superior to another, but TDA is more acceptable to patients. Dietitians should assess dietary triggers and tailor interventions according to patient choice. Alternative approaches like group clinics and online webinars can improve accessibility for patients. Further research is needed to compare dietary therapies with other management strategies for IBS.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Elton Dajti, Leonardo Frazzoni, Veronica Iascone, Matteo Secco, Amanda Vestito, Lorenzo Fuccio, Leonardo Henry Eusebi, Pietro Fusaroli, Fernando Rizzello, Carlo Calabrese, Paolo Gionchetti, Franco Bazzoli, Rocco Maurizio Zagari
Summary: Faecal calprotectin is a reliable test with high sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing patients with inflammatory bowel disease from those with irritable bowel syndrome. It seems to have a better sensitivity in Western countries and at a cut-off of <= 50 mu g/g.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bara Aljada, Ahmed Zohni, Wael El-Matary
Summary: The gluten-free diet is popular for treating immune-mediated disorders caused by gluten, but it has disadvantages like high costs, nutritional deficiencies, and social and psychological barriers. Close follow-up with patients following the diet is recommended, and more data is needed to assess its effectiveness in managing mental and cognitive disorders.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Manik Aggarwal, Rajat Garg, Prabhat Kumar, Christina C. Lindenmeyer, Jamile Wakim-Fleming, Claire Jansson-Knodell, Alberto Rubio-Tapia
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the prevalence of elevated liver function tests in patients with celiac disease (CD). The study found that approximately one-fifth of patients had elevated liver function tests at the time of CD diagnosis, but the majority showed normalization after adopting a gluten-free diet. Age, gender, and degree of intestinal damage were not predictive of elevated liver function tests. It is recommended to monitor liver function tests in CD patients and screen for celiac disease in patients with unexplained elevation of liver tests.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Amanda K. Cartee, Rok Seon Choung, Katherine S. King, Suyue Wang, John L. Dzuris, Robert P. Anderson, Carol T. Van Dyke, Chadrick A. Hinson, Eric Marietta, David A. Katzka, Vandana Nehra, Madhusudan Grover, Joseph A. Murray
Summary: Symptoms do not reliably indicate gluten exposure in patients with celiac disease or nonceliac gluten sensitivity. For patients with celiac disease, gluten can induce rapid-onset T-cell activation despite long-term treatment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)