Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Paulo Cezar Rocha dos Santos, Claudine J. C. Lamoth, Lilian Teresa Bucken Gobbi, Inge Zijdewind, Fabio Augusto Barbieri, Tibor Hortobagyi
Summary: The study compared muscle activation patterns of older and younger adults during repetitive sit-to-stand tasks, finding that older adults activated certain muscles more, earlier, and for longer duration. Despite completing fewer STS trials, older adults reported similar perceived exertion levels as younger adults. Maximum voluntary isometric knee extension force decreased at the end of the task, with similar declines in muscle activation levels across different age groups.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
M. Savadkoohi, T. Oladunni, L. A. Thompson
Summary: The study demonstrates that utilizing deep learning algorithms in conjunction with human balance metrics can more accurately predict fall-risk, with the newly proposed One-One-One Deep Neural Networks algorithm outperforming other algorithms and models in terms of performance.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jort Veen, Diego Montiel-Rojas, Fawzi Kadi, Andreas Nilsson
Summary: The study investigates the impact of reallocating time spent in different intensities of physical activity (PA) on sarcopenia risk in older adults. The results show that reallocating sedentary time to at least light-intensity PA is significantly related to a lower sarcopenia risk score (SRS), even after adjustment for PA type and protein intake. Similarly, reallocating time in light- to moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA is also related to a lower SRS. These findings emphasize the importance of displacing sedentary behaviors for more active pursuits in older adults to alleviate age-related deterioration of muscle health.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qianqian Song, Wenchao Yang, Yitai Li, Jun Mao, Weiou Qin, Yongzhong Zhan
Summary: The interfacial reaction and mechanical properties of Sn58Bi-XCr/Cu30Zn and Sn58Bi-XCr/Cu7Sn composite solder joints were investigated. It was found that the addition of Cr inhibits the growth of intermetallic compound layer (IMCs) and the addition of Zn/Sn reduces the consumption of Sn and segregation of Bi phase, leading to improved mechanical properties. Sn58Bi-0.2Cr/Cu30Zn and Sn58Bi-0.2Cr/Cu7Sn composites exhibited superior mechanical properties compared to other alloys.
Article
Sport Sciences
Sarah A. Wilson, Kimi D. Dahl, Kristin M. Dunford, Jacqueline N. Foody, Payam Zandiyeh, Travis Lee Turnbull, Scott Tashman
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the impact of canting wedges inserted under ski boots on knee kinematics/kinetics, balance, and neuromuscular activity in recreational alpine skiers. The experimental findings showed that wedges on the medial side of the foot significantly improved skier kinematics and kinetics while also positively influencing postural control measures associated with balance quality.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Abdelhady Osman, Nellie Kamkar, Mark Speechley, Shehzad Ali, Manuel Montero-Odasso
Summary: The purpose of this review was to systematically evaluate the association between FRIDs and gait performance in community-dwelling older adults without neurological movement disorders. The study found that drugs with sedative properties are associated with reduced gait speed in older adults, while statin use has no association with gait speed. There is insufficient evidence on the association between FRIDs and other gait performance measures.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Byung-Kun Lee, Wi-Young So, Hyun-Joo Kang
Summary: This study investigated the associations between fall risk and previous fall events, physical fitness, and gait speeds in older adult women in Korea. The results showed that participants with higher Berg Balance Scale (BBS) scores had a lower incidence of falls and exhibited better physical fitness and gait speeds compared to those with lower scores.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
N. F. J. Waterval, C. M. Claassen, F. C. T. van der Helm, E. van der Kruk
Summary: Fall risk increases with age, and predicting fall risk using sensor data seems to outperform conventional tests. However, further large-scale prospective studies are needed to validate its effectiveness.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Philippe Paul Wagner, Danielle E. Whittier, Dominique Foesser, Steven K. Boyd, Roland Chapurlat, Pawel Szulc
Summary: In men, those with low lower-limb relative appendicular lean mass (RALM-LL) and poor physical performance showed faster decline in bone microarchitecture and estimated bone strength, leading to higher risk of falls and fractures.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Kevin Biju, Esther Oh, Paul Rosenberg, Qian-Li Xue, Paul Dash, M. Haroon Burhanullah, Yuri Agrawal
Summary: This study assessed the contribution of vestibular function to balance and fall risk in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The results showed that vestibular dysfunction was associated with increased medio-lateral sway and higher likelihood of falls in AD patients.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Jia Liu, Kristi L. Lewton, Patrick M. Colletti, Christopher M. Powers
Summary: Sex differences were found in hip adduction during running, with women showing greater angles, lower hip abductor strength, and different femur morphology than men. Femoral anteversion was identified as a significant predictor of hip adduction angle during late swing and stance phases.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hanting Liang, Wenting Qi, Ruizhi Jiajue, Yue Chi, Wei Liu, Ou Wang, Mei Li, Xiaoping Xing, Wei Yu, Yan Jiang, Weibo Xia
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between serum irisin level and fall risk, muscle strength, bone mineral density, and bone microarchitecture in Chinese postmenopausal women. The results showed that postmenopausal women with lower serum irisin levels had a higher fall risk, weaker muscle strength, and higher cortical porosity. Serum irisin level was also positively associated with cortical volumetric BMD, but it was affected by factors such as age.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Duy K. Hoang, Nhan M. Le, Uyen P. Vo-Thi, Huy G. Nguyen, Lan T. Ho-Pham, Tuan V. Nguyen
Summary: Jumping mechanography was used to assess fall risk in older adults in Vietnam. The study found significant associations between maximal velocity, force, power, and fall risk, while EFI was not significantly associated. This suggests that jumping mechanography is a useful tool for evaluating fall risk in older adults of Vietnamese background.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Rehabilitation
Catherine M. Arnold, Joel Lanovaz, Jonathan P. Farthing, Hayley Legg, Melanie Weimer, Soo Kim
Summary: This study compared standard fall prevention exercises to a novel Fall Arrest Strategy Training (FAST) for older women. The results showed that both interventions improved strength, mobility, balance, and fall risk factors, with FAST also enhancing arm protective response speed.
CLINICAL REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Feifei Feng, Haocheng Xu, Yu Sun, Xin Zhang, Nan Li, Xun Sun, Xin Tian, Renqing Zhao
Summary: Exercise is effective in reducing falls and consequent injuries in individuals with neurodegenerative diseases and frail aging people, suggesting it as an effective and feasible strategy for fall prevention.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)