Article
Neurosciences
Andrea Casolo, Sumiaki Maeo, Thomas G. Balshaw, Marcel B. Lanza, Neil R. W. Martin, Stefano Nuccio, Tatiana Moro, Antonio Paoli, Francesco Felici, Nicola Maffulli, Bjoern Eskofier, Thomas M. Kinfe, Jonathan P. Folland, Dario Farina, Alessandro Del Vecchio
Summary: By combining non-invasive high-density surface EMG with muscle biopsy, the study investigated the relation between motor unit conduction velocity and muscle fibre diameter in the biceps brachii muscle. The results show the possibility of estimating muscle fibre size using conduction velocity estimates with low bias and individual error.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Andressa Roehrig Volpe-Fix, Elias de Franca, Jean Carlos Silvestre, Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli-Santos
Summary: Food bioactive compounds (FBC) are substances found in fruits, vegetables, and other sources that have physiological effects on individuals who consume them. Some FBCs, such as polyphenols, have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This review explores the effects of supplementing with various polyphenols on oxidative stress and post-exercise inflammation markers. The findings suggest that cocoa, green tea extract, and curcumin can help alleviate cell damage and inflammation caused by exercise, but conflicting results are found for anthocyanins, quercetins, and resveratrol. The impact of simultaneously supplementing multiple FBCs is also discussed.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lee Rickards, Anthony Lynn, Deborah Harrop, Margo E. Barker, Mark Russell, Mayur K. Ranchordas
Summary: Consuming polyphenol-rich foods, juices and concentrates accelerated recovery of muscle function and reduced muscle soreness in humans. The maximal benefit occurred 48-72 hours post-exercise, with moderate to very low certainty of evidence. Supplementation could be beneficial when limited time between competitive events and impaired recovery could impact performance negatively.
Article
Physiology
Cesar Augustus Zocoler de Sousa, Ana Paula Renno Sierra, Bryan Steve Martinez Galan, Jaqueline Fernanda de Sousa Maciel, Richelieau Manoel, Hermes Vieira Barbeiro, Heraldo Possolo de Souza, Maria Fernanda Cury-Boaventura
Summary: Endurance exercise increases the expression of exercise-induced peptides that aid in muscle repair and regeneration. A study on marathon runners showed an increase in various exercise-induced cytokines immediately after the race, including IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, IL-10, decorin, GDF-15, BDNF, follistatin, and FGF-21. The decrease in myostatin, IL-15, musclin, and apelin levels post-race suggested muscle regeneration.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Willian da Silva, Alvaro Sosa Machado, Andressa Lemes Lemos, Camilla Ferreira de Andrade, Jose Ignacio Priego-Quesada, Felipe P. Carpes
Summary: This study revealed the relationship between exercise-induced muscle soreness, pain, and skin temperature changes, as well as the gender-specific effects on skin temperature variations. Differences between men and women were observed in DOMS and PPT, while skin temperature responses also varied by sex.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kyung Min Kim, Gi Don Yoo, Woong Heo, Ho Taek Oh, Jeekeon Park, Somin Shin, Youjin Do, Mi Gyeong Jeong, Eun Sook Hwang, Jeong-Ho Hong
Summary: This study reveals that the transcriptional co-activator TAZ promotes muscle regeneration by activating satellite cells. TAZ interacts with Pax7 to induce Myf5 expression and activates the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. Additionally, the p38 MAPK-TAZ signaling axis is found to be crucial for muscle regeneration.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Conor C. Carey, Alice Lucey, Lorna Doyle
Summary: The study suggests that polyphenol treatments containing flavonoids have the potential to enhance recovery of muscle strength and reduce muscle soreness post EIMD. Future research should prioritize characterization of polyphenol dosage and composition of treatments to develop specific guidelines for the inclusion of flavonoid-rich foods in the diet of athletes and active individuals.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohamed Amine Farjallah, Kais Ghattassi, Anis Kamoun, Ahmed Graja, Lobna Ben Mahmoud, Tarak Driss, Kamel Jamoussi, Zouheir Sahnoun, Nizar Souissi, Piotr Zmijewski, Omar Hammouda
Summary: This study found that melatonin supplementation during intensive training can reduce oxidative stress and cellular damage, as well as improve physical performance.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Myunghee Kim, Hyeyoon Eo, Josephine Gahyun Lim, Hyunjung Lim, Yunsook Lim
Summary: This meta-analysis found that dietary vitamin E supplementation can attenuate exercise-induced muscle damage, especially when the supplementation is less than 500 IU.
Article
Physiology
Javier Rodriguez-Falces, Nicolas Place
Summary: The study found that short-duration muscle contractions lead to a short-term increase in conduction velocity, while long-duration contractions result in a long-term decrease in conduction velocity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Yiming Wang, Yuning Sun, Chunhui Yang, Bing Han, Sining Wang
Summary: This study demonstrates that sodium salicylate administration can alleviate skeletal muscle damage caused by eccentric exercise in a mouse model.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
E. G. Klaver-Krol, H. J. Hermens, R. C. Vermeulen, M. M. Klaver, H. Luyten, N. R. Henriquez, M. J. Zwarts
Summary: This study examined muscle conduction velocity abnormalities in CFS patients, revealing disrupted muscle membrane function and potential neural deregulation contributing to the disturbance in motor units involved in low force generation. These findings offer insights into the underlying mechanisms of CFS.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kevin A. Murach, Christopher S. Fry, Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden, John J. McCarthy, Charlotte A. Peterson
Summary: Satellite cells play crucial roles in adult skeletal muscle adaptation to loading, contributing new myonuclei, supporting hypertrophy, repair of membrane damage, transcriptional output, and communication within the niche. While adaptation can occur without satellite cells in the short term, their participation is ultimately necessary for full adaptive potential in growth, function, and coordination.
Article
Physiology
Patricio A. Pincheira, Dean L. Mayfield, Aaron S. Fox, Nicholas A. T. Brown, Timothy J. Carroll, Andrew G. Cresswell, Glen A. Lichtwark
Summary: This study investigated the effect of muscle force during active stretch on exercise-induced muscle damage. The results showed that adding 30% body weight during eccentric contractions did have some impact on muscle damage, but did not increase torque loss or intensify muscle soreness.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alfredo Cordova-Martinez, Alberto Caballero-Garcia, Hugo J. Bello, Daniel Perez-Valdecantos, Enrique Roche
Summary: The study found that oral L-glutamine supplementation can reduce exercise-induced muscle damage in basketball players, with lower levels of markers for muscle damage in the blood. Additionally, glutamine supplementation can lower hormone levels, resulting in no increase in cortisol levels.
Article
Neurosciences
Julia Jaatela, Dogu Baran Aydogan, Timo Nurmi, Jaakko Vallinoja, Harri Piitulainen
Summary: Studying white matter connections with tractography is a promising approach to understanding brain development. Different functional seeding methods can have an impact on the characteristics of white matter connections, highlighting the need for using multimodal imaging to obtain a comprehensive understanding.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
G. L. Cerone, A. Giangrande, M. Ghislieri, M. Gazzoni, H. Piitulainen, A. Botter
Summary: This study describes the design and validation of a new fully wireless body sensor network for the integrated acquisition of EEG and HD-sEMG signals. The proposed device represents an advancement in technology and allows for the study of sensorimotor integration. The system was characterized in terms of synchronization accuracy and signal quality, and compared to a wired benchmark device.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Mia Illman, Kristina Laaksonen, Veikko Jousmaki, Nina Forss, Harri Piitulainen
Summary: The present study demonstrates that beta rhythm modulation is highly reproducible in a group of healthy subjects within a year. Hence, it can be reliably used as a biomarker in longitudinal follow-up studies in different neurological patient groups to reflect changes in the functional state of the sensorimotor cortex.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Razie J. Alibazi, Ashlyn K. Frazer, Alan J. Pearce, Jamie Tallent, Janne Avela, Dawson J. Kidgell
Summary: The study found that a training-intensity threshold is required to adjust corticospinal excitability and short-interval cortical inhibition following strength training in the lower limb.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juha-Pekka Kulmala, Piia Haakana, Jussi Nurminen, Elina Ylitalo, Tuula Niemela, Essi Marttinen Rossi, Helena Maenpaa, Harri Piitulainen
Summary: Neurological disorders such as stroke or cerebral palsy impair the economy of gait. It has been found that asymmetrical gait patterns in cerebral palsy are chosen to equalize the relative muscle efforts between the affected and unaffected limbs.
Review
Neurosciences
Gashaw Garedew Woldeamanuel, Ashlyn K. Frazer, Annemarie Lee, Janne Avela, Jamie Tallent, Juha P. Ahtiainen, Alan J. Pearce, Dawson J. Kidgell
Summary: This meta-analysis found that young participants exhibited greater cross-transfer of ballistic motor performance compared to older participants following ballistic motor training. However, there were no significant age-related differences in motor-evoked potentials (MEPs), short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), and surface electromyography (sEMG) for both hands following ballistic motor training.
JOURNAL OF MOTOR BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Eero Ahtola, Susanna Leikos, Anna Tuiskula, Leena Haataja, Eero Smeds, Harri Piitulainen, Veikko Jousmaki, Anton Tokariev, Sampsa Vanhatalo
Summary: Researchers developed an automated method using pneumatic stimulation for naturalistic movements of an infant's hand and designed an analysis pipeline for assessing the related EEG responses and cortical networks. Corticokinematic coherence (CKC) was observed between hand movements and EEG in all infants, with the peak near the contralateral sensorimotor cortex. The CKC paradigm holds great promise as a noninvasive and easily performed tool for controlled assessment of functional cortical networks.
Article
Neurosciences
Timo Nurmi, Maria Hakonen, Mathieu Bourguignon, Harri Piitulainen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of finger movement range on the brain's perception and localization of movement. With EEG measurements from 16 healthy volunteers, the study found that the cortical responses to passive finger movements were similar regardless of the movement range. Additionally, the use of CKC reduced inter-individual variability and increased statistical power.
Article
Neurosciences
Samuli Nevanpera, Nijia Hu, Simon Walker, Janne Avela, Jarmo M. Piirainen
Summary: The excitability of motoneurons can be measured using H-reflex and V-wave responses. The organization of motor control, the modulation of H-reflex and V-wave responses, and their repeatability during dynamic balance perturbations are unknown. In this study, the repeatability of H-reflex and V-wave measurements during dynamic balance perturbations was assessed. The results showed that the V-wave was significantly enhanced at 70 ms after the ankle movement and remained at this level at later latencies. The repeatability of V-wave was moderate-to-substantial, while the repeatability of H-reflex was fair-to-substantial. These findings suggest that changes in descending drive may contribute to the increased activation of motoneurons.
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Julia Jaatela, Dogu Baran Aydogan, Timo Nurmi, Jaakko Vallinoja, Helena Maenpaa, Harri Piitulainen
Summary: Thalamocortical pathways play a crucial role in the sensorimotor functioning of children with cerebral palsy (CP). This study compared limb-specific thalamocortical tracts between children with hemiplegic (HP) or diplegic (DP) CP and typically developed peers. The results revealed distinct impairment of functionally relevant thalamocortical pathways in HP and DP subtypes.
Article
Neurosciences
Gonzalo Gomez-Guerrero, Janne Avela, Miro Enroth, Ella Haekkinen, Paul Ansdell, Glyn Howatson, Simon Walker
Summary: This study investigated the reliability of motor evoked potentials and lumbar evoked potentials at different stimulation intensities and contraction levels in m.rectus femoris. The results showed that MEPs and LEPs elicited in m.rectus femoris appear to be reliable to assess changes at different segments of the cortico-spinal tract during different contraction levels and stimulator output intensities. Furthermore, the TMS- and LS- elicited SP was a reliable tool considered to reflect inhibitory processes at spinal and cortical levels.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Nijia Hu, Jarmo M. Piirainen, Dawson J. Kidgell, Simon Walker, Janne Avela
Summary: Sensorimotor training and strength training can improve balance control. Little is known about how repeated balance perturbation training affects balance performance and its neural mechanisms. This study found that balance perturbation training led to less body sway and a potential increase in spinal-level involvement, indicating possible movement automaticity after perturbation training.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Julia Jaatela, Timo Nurmi, Jaakko Vallinoja, Helena Maenpaa, Viljami Sairanen, Harri Piitulainen
Summary: Cerebral palsy (CP), the most common motor disorder in childhood, is associated with impairments in the corpus callosum (CC), a major white-matter structure in the brain. This study found that adolescents with CP had compromised CC structure and lower limb motor stability performance. The extent of white-matter alterations varied between different subtypes of CP, and the diffusion properties of the CC were associated with static and dynamic stability.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jaakko Vallinoja, Timo Nurmi, Julia Jaatela, Vincent Wens, Mathieu Bourguignon, Helena Maenpaa, Harri Piitulainen
Summary: The study aimed to assess the effects of lesions related to spastic diplegic cerebral palsy on functional connectivity. Using multiple imaging modalities, the researchers found enhanced functional connectivity in the sensorimotor network of individuals with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy, which was not correlated with hand coordination performance.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Gonzalo Gomez-Guerrero, Paul Ansdell, Glyn Howatson, Janne Avela, Simon Walker
Summary: This study investigated spinal excitability during the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) silent period (SP) at different time delays in m.rectus femoris. The results showed that reduced spinal excitability was extended during 50% and 75% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). In the future, paired TMS-lumbar stimulation (LS) could be a valuable method for studying changes in spinal excitability during SP and testing various neurophysiological phenomena.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)