Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Spela Knez, Mojca Narat, Jernej Ogorevc
Summary: Toll-like receptor 10 (TLR10) is a member of TLR family with unclear function and ligand. Its role as an immunomodulator appears to be cell type, pathogen, and TLR10 expression level-dependent. In this study, we overexpressed TLR10 in A549 lung epithelial cells and observed differential expression of TLR signaling genes activated by various TLR ligands. The overexpression of TLR10 suppressed proinflammatory cytokine expression and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine and antimicrobial peptide expression, suggesting its potential as an anti-inflammatory molecule in A549 cells.
Article
Immunology
Adriana Dominguez-Flores, Gloria M. Rodriguez Lopez, Rodolfo Soria-Castro, Ruben Lopez-Santiago, Octavio Rodriguez-Cortes, Sonia M. Perez-Tapia, Alma D. Chavez-Blanco, Sergio Estrada-Parra, Raul Flores-Mejia, Rommel Chacon-Salinas
Summary: Brucella abortus, a Gram-negative bacteria, is a major cause of brucellosis in animals and humans. This study analyzed the role of innate immune receptors TLR2 and TLR4 in mast cell activation during B. abortus infection. The results showed that B. abortus induced the synthesis of several cytokines and activated key cell signaling molecules in mast cells. Blockade of TLR2 and TLR4 receptors decreased the release of TNF-alpha and IL-6 by mast cells in response to B. abortus. Overall, mast cells are activated by B. abortus and may contribute to the inflammatory response during the initial phase of the infection.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David M. M. Cauvi, Dennis Hawisher, Julia Derunes, Antonio De Maio
Summary: Phospholipids play important roles in cellular membranes, vesicles, and lipid nanoparticles. The presence of phospholipids can alter the transcriptome and proteome of cells, as well as modulate signaling pathways, leading to changes in cellular functions.
Review
Immunology
Priscilla Vilela dos Santos, Debora Nonato Miranda de Toledo, Debora Maria Soares de Souza, Tatiana Prata Menezes, Luiza Oliveira Perucci, Zolder Marinho Silva, Daniela Caldas Teixeira, Ed Wilson Rodrigues Vieira, Valter Ferreira de Andrade-Neto, Nathalia Sernizon Guimaraes, Andre Talvani
Summary: This study evaluated the available information on inflammatory and regulatory plasma mediators in pregnant women diagnosed with toxoplasmosis. Eight studies were included in the analysis, and the results showed that infected pregnant women had higher levels of IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, CCL5, and IL-10 in their plasma. These findings suggest that the immune status of pregnant women determines the course of T. gondii infection, and the balance between inflammatory and regulatory cytokines mitigates the adverse effects on the placenta and fetus.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vilim Molnar, Vid Matisic, Ivan Kodvanj, Roko Bjelica, Zeljko Jelec, Damir Hudetz, Eduard Rod, Fabijan Cukelj, Trpimir Vrdoljak, Dinko Vidovic, Mario Staresinic, Srecko Sabalic, Borut Dobricic, Tadija Petrovic, Darko Anticevic, Igor Boric, Rok Kosir, Ursula Prosenc Zmrzljak, Dragan Primorac
Summary: Osteoarthritis is a common cause of disability worldwide, affecting all joint tissues equally. The pathogenesis involves low-grade inflammation leading to an imbalance between anabolic and catabolic processes. The complex network of cytokines regulating these processes plays a central role in the development and progression of osteoarthritis, with concentrations of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines varying based on disease stage and activity levels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Tong Yue, Yu Shi, Sihui Luo, Jianping Weng, Yali Wu, Xueying Zheng
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus that is largely driven by inflammation. Understanding and elucidating the inflammation-related mechanisms is crucial for prevention and management of diabetic retinopathy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Mukti Shukla, Atul Garg, T. N. Dhole, Rachna Chaturvedi
Summary: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a viral brain fever caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Although effective vaccines against this deadly infection are available, JE remains the leading cause of epidemic viral encephalitis in children in South-east Asia. The lack of treatment options for JE might be due to incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of the virus.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Briana K. Clifford, Nadeem O. Kaakoush, Nicodemus Tedla, David Goldstein, David Simar
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of high-intensity and low-intensity aerobic exercise on the inflammatory profile of cancer survivors. It found that both low-intensity and high-intensity exercise can positively modulate inflammatory markers. Scaling up low-intensity exercise over time may be more applicable and achievable for cancer survivor cohorts while still eliciting beneficial effects on systemic inflammation.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agnieszka Daca, Hanna Storoniak, Alicja Debska-Slizien, Mariusz Andrzej Kusztal, Magdalena Krajewska, Katarzyna Aleksandra Lisowska
Summary: Levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF, and MIG were significantly higher in the serum of AAV patients compared to healthy controls, while IL-1 beta levels were higher in healthy volunteers. Levels of IL-6, IL-10, IP-10, and MIG negatively correlated with eGFR levels, while IFN-alpha levels positively correlated with PR3-ANCA titre. Studying the association between these cytokines/chemokines levels and clinical symptoms of AAV may aid in diagnosis and predicting disease progression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meenakshi Rani, Shannon R. Sayyadioskoie, Eva M. Galvan, Susannah E. Nicholson, Martin G. Schwacha
Summary: The study found that traumatic injury with hemorrhage leads to lung injury, activation of immune cells, and elevated cytokine production in the lungs. These cells play a key role in mediating inflammatory responses through TLRs.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Kalu K. Asanka Sanjeewa, Kalahe H. I. N. M. Herath, Hye-Won Yang, Cheol Soo Choi, You-Jin Jeon
Summary: Fucoidans are sulfated heteropolysaccharides found in brown seaweeds and some marine invertebrates, with promising bioactive properties such as antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties. Controlled inflammatory responses are beneficial, but chronic inflammatory responses are often associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases.
Review
Psychiatry
Janna McLellan, Danielle H. J. Kim, Matthew Bruce, Alexandra Ramirez-Celis, Judy van de Water
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with multiple etiologies. Maternal immune system dysregulation is a prominent risk factor, and there is emerging evidence for its role as a potential biomarker and pathologically relevant mechanism for ASD development.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ram P. Singh, Bevra H. Hahn, David S. Bischoff
Summary: MicroRNAs play important roles in the pathogenesis of SLE, regulating inflammation and autoimmunity. This study found upregulated expression of miR21, miR25, and miR186, and downregulated expression of miR146a in SLE patients. Additionally, increased levels of IL-12 and IL-21 were observed in SLE patients. The findings suggest a dynamic interplay between disease pathogenesis and miRNA expression, and may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets for SLE patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Rheumatology
Aaron Z. Reyes, Kelly A. Hu, Jacob Teperman, Theresa L. Wampler Muskardin, Jean-Claude Tardif, Binita Shah, Michael H. Pillinger
Summary: The search for effective COVID-19 management strategies is ongoing, with colchicine showing promise in targeting multiple mechanisms associated with excessive inflammation. Outpatient treatment with colchicine could potentially reduce the need for hospitalization and mortality due to COVID-19, benefiting both resource-replete and resource-poor regions by reducing the demand for rare or expensive care resources.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Luis Arpa, Carlos Batlle, Peijin Jiang, Carme Caelles, Jorge Lloberas, Antonio Celada
Summary: IL-4 is a key activator of macrophage alternative activation and induces an anti-inflammatory phenotype. The IL-4 signaling pathway involves STAT-6 and MAPK family members. We found that JNK-1 activation regulates the expression of genes involved in alternative activation in response to IL-4.
