Article
Microbiology
Mara C. Goodyear, Nicole E. Garnier, Roger C. Levesque, Cezar M. Khursigara
Summary: This study investigated the antibiotic susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, showing that the Liverpool epidemic strain (LES) isolates exhibit high levels of resistance, especially when forming biofilms, which could have implications for improved treatments for P. aeruginosa infections.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Erin M. Anderson, Neethu Shaji Saji, Alexander C. Anderson, Dyanne Brewer, Anthony J. Clarke, Cezar M. Khursigara
Summary: This study identified changes in the peptidoglycan composition of two epidemic strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa when cultured under conditions resembling cystic fibrosis lung infections. The findings showed variations in key components related to virulence and antibiotic resistance, indicating strain-specific differences.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Matthew P. Moore, Iain L. Lamont, David Williams, Steve Paterson, Irena Kukavica-Ibrulj, Nicholas P. Tucker, Dervla T. D. Kenna, Jane F. Turton, Julie Jeukens, Luca Freschi, Bryan A. Wee, Nicholas J. Loman, Stephen Holden, Susan Manzoor, Peter Hawkey, Kevin W. Southern, Martin J. Walshaw, Roger C. Levesque, Joanne L. Fothergill, Craig Winstanley
Summary: The Liverpool epidemic strain (LES) is a significant transmissible clonal lineage of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that chronically infects cystic fibrosis patients' lungs. By sequencing 91 LES isolates from multiple CF centers in the UK, researchers identified divergence and adaptation in the spread of LES within the UK and between continents. Phylogenetic analysis revealed distinct clonal lineages among the 145 LES genomes analyzed, with clustering by clinic geography observed in the UK.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Emma Reece, Pedro H. de Almeida Bettio, Julie Renwick
Summary: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a dominant pathogen in cystic fibrosis airway disease, leading to significant inflammation, airway damage, and poor outcomes. Chronic infections of P. aeruginosa in CF patients are difficult to eradicate and are associated with worse lung function, higher morbidity, and reduced life expectancy. The complex community of microorganisms in the CF airway and their interactions may influence antimicrobial resistance and disease progression of P. aeruginosa.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marco Artini, Gianluca Vrenna, Marika Trecca, Vanessa Tuccio Guarna Assanti, Ersilia Vita Fiscarelli, Rosanna Papa, Laura Selan
Summary: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterium frequently involved in cystic fibrosis airway infections. It increases its virulence through biofilm, motility, toxin production, and invasion of host cells. The metalloprotease serratiopeptidase (SPEP) has been shown to impair the virulence-related properties of Gram-positive bacteria. In this study, the effects of SPEP on different physiological aspects related to the virulence of P. aeruginosa isolated from CF patients were investigated. The results showed that SPEP impaired attachment to inert surfaces and adhesion/invasion of eukaryotic cells. It also had strain-dependent effects on pyocyanin and pyoverdine production. Additionally, SPEP seemed to increase swarming motility and staphylolytic protease production. Further studies are needed to understand why different strains react differently to specific treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Parisa Bonyadi, Narjes Tehrani Saleh, Mohadeseh Dehghani, Mahsa Yamini, Kumarss Amini
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the pattern of antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) using a systematic review and meta-analysis. High resistance to most of the studied antibiotics was observed, indicating the need for antibiotic usage monitoring. Colistin was found to be the most appropriate treatment choice, but further randomized controlled trials are recommended.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Ronan A. Murphy, Matthew Coates, Sophia Thrane, Akshay Sabnis, James Harrison, Silke Schelenz, Andrew M. Edwards, Thomas Vorup-Jensen, Jane C. Davies
Summary: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common pathogen causing lung infections in people with cystic fibrosis. Glatiramer acetate, a drug used in multiple sclerosis treatment, has shown potential antipseudomonal activity. This study demonstrates that glatiramer acetate improves the efficacy of tobramycin, an antibiotic, against P. aeruginosa. It disrupts the bacterial cell wall and enhances the permeability of P. aeruginosa, allowing tobramycin to work more effectively. This research suggests that glatiramer acetate could be repurposed as an antibiotic resistance breaker for P. aeruginosa.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Giovanni Di Bonaventura, Veronica Lupetti, Andrea Di Giulio, Maurizio Muzzi, Alessandra Piccirilli, Lisa Cariani, Arianna Pompilio
Summary: Antibiotic resistance calls for new strategies in treating pulmonary infections in CF patients. Repurposing known drugs accelerates drug discovery and development. This study identified five potential hits from a library of 3,386 drugs, with antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa, biofilm inhibition, and low toxicity.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anna Lisa Montemari, Valeria Marzano, Nour Essa, Stefano Levi Mortera, Martina Rossitto, Simone Gardini, Laura Selan, Gianluca Vrenna, Andrea Onetti Muda, Lorenza Putignani, Ersilia Vita Fiscarelli
Summary: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a common rare disease caused by a mutation in the CFTR gene, leading to mucus accumulation and recurrent respiratory infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is the most detected bacterium in CF patients and is able to adapt and cause chronic infections in the hostile environment of the CF lung. This study compared surface protein expression of antibiotic-resistant strains of PA to antibiotic-sensitive strains and characterized their biofilm production.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kelly Kweng, Andrea Benedetti, Yvonne Yau, Valerie Waters, Dao Nguyen
Summary: This study found that PA isolates from new-onset CF infections exhibit strain-specific susceptibility to neutrophil antibacterial functions, and PA isolates resistant to neutrophil phagocytosis are independent risk factors for failed tobramycin eradication. Experimental results on neutrophil phagocytosis and intracellular killing showed that isolates from persistent infections were more resistant compared to those from eradicated infections.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Vaughn D. Craddock, Evan L. Steere, Hannah Harman, Nicholas S. Britt
Summary: Delafloxacin (DLX) is a newly approved fluoroquinolone that shows broad activity against common cystic fibrosis (CF) pathogens, including multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR-Psa). DLX exhibits excellent penetration in the CF lung and has enhanced activity in low pH environments. In this study, DLX was compared to ciprofloxacin (CPX) and levofloxacin (LVX) against Psa strains isolated from CF sputum. DLX showed significant improvements in killing bacteria in a CF sputum time-kill model at physiologically relevant drug concentrations, making it a potential option for treating MDR-Psa pulmonary infections in CF patients.
Review
Immunology
Matthew Killough, Aoife Maria Rodgers, Rebecca Jo Ingram
Summary: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important human pathogen that causes various clinical infections. However, antibiotic resistance has made treating these infections challenging and there is currently no effective vaccine available for clinical use. Despite this, there has been progress in preclinical research, but challenges still remain.
Article
Microbiology
Claire L. Keating, Jonathan B. Zuckerman, Pradeep K. Singh, Matthew McKevitt, Oksana Gurtovaya, Mark Bresnik, Bruce C. Marshall, Lisa Saiman
Summary: The study tracked susceptibility changes and clinical outcomes in CF patients with chronic P. aeruginosa infection over five years, finding a consistent proportion meeting the primary endpoint annually, but with no association with prior AZLI use. Patients meeting the primary endpoint experienced more pulmonary exacerbations and hospitalizations, despite comparable declines in lung function between those who did and did not meet the endpoint.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Ana Paula Streling, Mohanad M. Al Obaidi, William D. Lainhart, Tirdad Zangeneh, Ayesha Khan, An Q. Dinh, Blake Hanson, Cesar A. Arias, William R. Miller
Summary: A study reported the emergence of non-susceptibility to cefiderocol in a subpopulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered from a patient without prior exposure to the antibiotic. Whole genome sequencing revealed mutations in major iron transport pathways linked to cefiderocol uptake, highlighting the importance of susceptibility testing before therapy with siderophore cephalosporins.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Claudia A. Colque, Andrea G. Albarracin Orio, Pablo E. Tomatis, Gina Dotta, Diego M. Moreno, Laura G. Hedemann, Rachel A. Hickman, Lea M. Sommer, Sofia Feliziani, Alejandro J. Moyano, Robert A. Bonomo, Helle K. Johansen, Soren Molin, Alejandro J. Vila, Andrea M. Smania
Summary: This study provides insights into the long-term adaptive evolution and resistance development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the airways of a cystic fibrosis patient. The findings highlight the role of mutations in the chromosomally encoded class C beta-lactamase gene in shaping antibiotic resistance and reveal the impact of prolonged antibiotic treatment on the evolution of multidrug-resistant phenotypes. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of resistance in natural environmental settings is crucial for addressing the challenge of antimicrobial resistance.
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Akriti Naraen, Victoria McKay, Matthew Shaw, Simon Modi, Timothy Fairbairn, John Somauroo, Derick Todd, Rob Cooper
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Baptiste Maille, Moloy Das, Ahmed Hussein, Matthew Shaw, Vivek Chaturvedi, Emmanuel Williams, Maureen Morgan, Christina Ronayne, Richard L. Snowdon, Dhiraj Gupta
JOURNAL OF INTERVENTIONAL CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Microbiology
Yasmin Hilliam, Stephen Kaye, Craig Winstanley
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Anesthesiology
Oana M. Cole, Shervin Tosif, Matthew Shaw, Gregory Y. H. Lip
JOURNAL OF CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR ANESTHESIA
(2020)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Pooja Saini, Tanith Rose, Jennifer Downing, Bashir Matata, Samantha Pilsworth, Allan Pemberton, Terence Comerford, Keith Wilson, Matthew Shaw, Lesley M. Harper, Konstantinos Daras, Benjamin Barr
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Giordano Perin, Matthew Shaw, Caroline Toolan, Kenneth Palmer, Omar Al-Rawi, Paul Modi
Summary: The study found that there was no difference in overall hospital cost between MI and ST mitral valve surgery, with higher operative costs of MI surgery being offset by lower post-operative costs, and a 2-day shorter hospital stay.
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Firas Aljanadi, Caroline Toolan, Thomas Theologou, Matthew Shaw, Kenneth Palmer, Paul Modi
Summary: In patients undergoing MIMVS, there is insufficient evidence to suggest that obesity affects short- or mid-term outcomes. Obesity should not be considered a contraindication to this technique for experienced teams.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Amer Harky, Ahmed Othman, Matthew Shaw, Omar Nawaytou, Deborah Harrington, Manoj Kuduvalli, Johnathan Kendall, Francesco Torella, Mark Field
Summary: Open thoracoabdominal aortic surgery carries significant risk to life, which is related to age, extent of aortic replacement, timing of surgery, and left ventricular function. Morbidity is considerable. Understanding these risks is fundamental for patient selection and the consent process of potential candidates for surgery, particularly in the elderly.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jennifer Whiteley, Caroline Toolan, Matthew Shaw, Giordano Perin, Kenneth Palmer, Omar Al-Rawi, Paul Modi
Summary: The study compared patient-reported outcome measures of minimally invasive (MI) to sternotomy (ST) mitral valve repair. Results showed that MI surgery had faster recovery time and less pain compared to ST surgery, while treatment satisfaction and safety profiles were similar.
INTERACTIVE CARDIOVASCULAR AND THORACIC SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Liam Mullen, Mohammed N. Meah, Ahmed Elamin, Suneil Aggarwal, Adeel Shahzad, Matthew Shaw, Jaroslav Hasara, Muhammad Rashid, Michael Fisher, Turab Ali, Billal Patel, Wern Y. Ding, Ruth Grainger, Thomas Heseltine, Bilal H. Kirmani, Mohammed Obeidat, Yande Kasolo, Jecko Thatchil, Aleem Khand
Summary: The study compares the use of clopidogrel and ticagrelor in patients with acute coronary syndrome, finding that ticagrelor leads to more frequent bleeding events in patients not undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. There was no significant difference in the incidence of subsequent myocardial infarction between the two drugs. Although higher crude mortality was observed in the clopidogrel group, this difference disappeared after adjusting for covariates.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Amer Harky, Ahmed Othman, Carlos Nistal De Paz, Matthew Shaw, Omar Nawaytou, Deborah Harrington, Manoj Kuduvalli, Mark Field
Summary: The management of infected prosthetic aortic grafts in the ascending and root is complex and requires a patient-specific approach. Surgical intervention is often necessary for curative treatment, but comes with high operative mortality risk. Overall, the 1 year survival rate is reasonable with successful strategies.
JOURNAL OF CARDIAC SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Wern Yew Ding, Nikola Kozhuharov, Shui Hao Chin, Matthew Shaw, Richard Snowdon, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Dhiraj Gupta
JOURNAL OF ARRHYTHMIA
(2020)
Article
Respiratory System
Thomas Simon FitzMaurice, Paul Stephen McNamara, Dilip Nazareth, Caroline McCann, Ram Bedi, Matthew Shaw, Martin Walshaw
BMJ OPEN RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Amer Harky, Matthew Shaw, Mohamad Bashir
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Thomas Theologou, Amer Harky, Matthew Shaw, Hazim Eltyeb, Walid Elbakbak, Mostafa Snosi, Deborah Harrington, Manoj Kuduvalli, Aung Oo, Mark Field
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2020)