Article
Environmental Sciences
Angel T. Bautista, Sophia Jobien M. Limlingan, Miwako Toya, Yasuto Miyake, Kazuho Horiuchi, Hiroyuki Matsuzaki, Yoshinori Iizuka
Summary: The Anthropocene is proposed to be a new geological epoch in which humans have irreversibly affected the Earth. The establishment of this epoch requires a Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point, also known as a golden spike. The leading candidates for the Anthropocene's golden spike, 14C and 239Pu from nuclear weapons testing, may not be durable enough to be observable in the far future. However, the 129I record of the SE-Dome ice core is a more durable candidate for the golden spike due to its long half-life and its ability to reflect the entire history of the nuclear age.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gianluca Quarta, Lucio Maruccio, Marisa D. Elia, Lucio Calcagnile
Summary: AMS radiocarbon dating is a well-established absolute dating technique with high precision levels achieved. This paper discusses the applications of C-14 dating related to samples up-taking carbon from marine carbon pools and strategies to correct for marine reservoir effects.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
T. -Y Xia, W. -W Sun, S. Ebser, W. Jiang, G. -M Yang, H. -M Zhu, Yun-Chong Fu, F. Huang, G. -D Ming, T. Xia, Z. -T Lu
Summary: In this study, the atom-trap trace analysis method was used to measure Ca-41/Ca ratios at the level of 10(-16) and achieved a detection limit at the level of 10(-17). This method has the potential to explore the suitability of Ca-41 as a tracer.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
G. Quarta, M. Molnar, I Hajdas, L. Calcagnile, I Major, A. J. T. Jull
Summary: The application of accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS C-14) dating in forensics is limited by the complex interpretation of results, despite the high precision analysis possible. Results of an intercomparison exercise between three AMS laboratories in Italy, Hungary, and Switzerland within an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) coordinated research project demonstrate high reproducibility and consistency in the experimental determinations.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tamas Varga, Mihaly Molnar, Anita Molnar, A. J. Timothy Jull, Laszlo Palcsu, Elemer Laszlo
Summary: Radiocarbon-based age determination of wine samples is a widely used method, but traditional techniques have high sample size requirements. To address this, we tested a new method using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) that requires much lower amount of carbon. Our results showed that both the ethanol fraction and distillation residue of wine samples can be used for radiocarbon dating, and the small sample size (around 10 μL) does not significantly affect the wine.
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Nabanita Naskar, Kaushik Gangopadhyay, Susanta Lahiri, Punarbasu Chaudhuri, Rajveer Sharma, Pankaj Kumar, Sunil Ojha, Sundeep Chopra, Ahana Ghosh
Summary: This study focuses on the absolute age dating of a multicultural site in Erenda, West Bengal, India, using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) on charcoal samples. The calibrated calendar dates of 950 BCE and 1979 BCE provide significant archaeological and methodological implications for understanding the application of AMS in the late Holocene period in dynamic coastal landscapes.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Pavel Kundrat, Jana Marikova-Kubkova, Iva Herichova, Pavla Tomanova, Marketa Petrova, Josef Tecl, Petr Kozlovcev, Kristyna Kotkova, Anna Fialova, Jan Kubancak, Jan Valek, Ivo Svetlik, Katerina Pachnerova Brabcova
Summary: The Southern Corridor of the bishopric district is the earliest Romanesque remains in the 3rd Courtyard of Prague Castle. It likely originated from the 11th to 12th century based on historical context. Radiocarbon dating of charcoals found in its mortars supports the previous age estimate and suggests ongoing building activity at the site until at least the 14th to 16th century.
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Hongtao Shen, Junsen Tang, Li Wang, Mingli Qi, Zhaomei Li, Siyu Wei, Kimikazu Sasa, Shulin Shi, Guofeng Zhang, Dingxiong Chen, Linjie Qi, Ning Wang, Houbing Zhou, Ming He, Qingzhang Zhao, Yun He
Summary: A new sample preparation system for C-14 was established at Guangxi Normal University, which is compact, low-contamination, and efficient, meeting the requirements for C-14 samples at GXNU-AMS.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ke Shui, Chenwei Wang, Xuedi Zhang, Shanshan Ma, Qinyu Li, Wanshan Ning, Weizhi Zhang, Miaomiao Chen, Di Peng, Hui Hu, Zheng Fang, Anyuan Guo, Guanjun Gao, Mingliang Ye, Luoying Zhang, Yu Xue
Summary: This study investigates the mechanisms of proteostasis regulation and its role in disease development by conducting in-depth propionylomic profiling in Drosophila. The results show that lysine propionylation plays a crucial role in determining global protein homeostasis by regulating the expression of genes involved in the ubiquitin-proteasome system. The study also reveals the daily oscillation of lysine propionylation, which mediates the rhythmic expression of proteasomal genes in response to feeding/fasting cycles.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Legal
E. Johnstone-Belford, S. J. Fallon, J. F. Dipnall, S. Blau
Summary: The radiocarbon analysis of skeletonised human remains can provide valuable information about the time since death. This study analyzed the 14C content in different types of bones and found that the cortical bone from femur samples contained the highest lag time, while the trabecular bone from rib samples contained the most recent 14C. Therefore, analyzing trabecular bone from a rib may be preferred in cases of unidentified human remains to estimate the time since death and approximate the year of death.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Klaus M. Wilcken, Krista Simon, Sam Micallef
Summary: This study demonstrates that there is no clear benefit in using 20.3 MeV 10Be3+ ions for 10Be measurement, compared to using 10Be2+ ions. Both ion states can achieve equal suppression against 10B derived interferences.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Turhan Dogan, Erhan Ilkmen, Furkan Kulak
Summary: A 1MV accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) was installed at MRCEMSI in Turkey for radiocarbon dating and other element measurements. The laboratory established automatic and manual graphitization systems for sample preparation. It focuses on analyzing samples from archaeology, earth, and environmental research and developing interdisciplinary projects.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
David Baliu-Rodriguez, Benjamin J. Stewart, Ted J. Ognibene
Summary: Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is a highly sensitive method for quantitating low amounts of 14C-labeled biomolecules, but it cannot provide structural information about the analyte. Liquid sample-AMS (LS-AMS) combines AMS with a molecular mass spectrometer to provide simultaneous quantitative AMS and structural MS data. The method was validated using 14C-labeled tryptophan and demonstrated by analyzing yeast cell extracts.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mu Lin, Jixin Qiao, Xiaolin Hou, Robin Golser, Karin Hain, Peter Steier
Summary: Background check and dust control measures significantly improved the procedure blanks and detection limits for U-236 and U-233, with analytical precision relying on AMS counting statistics in the analyses of environmental-level long-lived radionuclides conducted in former or active nuclear facilities.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ruimin Wang, Miaoshan Lu, Shaowei An, Jinyin Wang, Changbin Yu
Summary: In this study, a novel deep learning-based model called 3D-MSNet was proposed for untargeted feature extraction in metabolomics research. Comparisons with nine popular software demonstrated that 3D-MSNet outperformed others in feature detection and quantification accuracy. Additionally, 3D-MSNet exhibited high feature extraction robustness and could be applied to profile MS data acquired with various high-resolution mass spectrometers.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Taisei Hayashi, Kensei Ichiba, Daisuke Nakauchi, Takumi Kato, Noriaki Kawaguchi, Takayuki Yanagida
Summary: In this study, Cr-doped Mg4Ta2O9 single crystals with different doping levels were synthesized using the floating zone method, and their photoluminescence and scintillation properties were evaluated. The results showed that Cr-doped Mg4Ta2O9 single crystals exhibited broad emission bands in the near-infrared region and showed scintillation characteristics within specific wavelength ranges. Additionally, the samples with different Cr doping levels demonstrated different lower detection limits based on the dose rate response function.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. Marouf, A. C. Chami, Y. Boudouma
Summary: This study develops a Monte Carlo simulation approach to describe proton-induced secondary electron emission in solids. Theoretical modeling based on the Mott's elastic scattering cross-section and Lindhard's dielectric function was used to calculate the double differential cross-section (DDCS) of excited electrons and describe electron transport in the medium. The results for aluminum show the angular and energy distributions of backscattered electrons for incident protons with energy below 25 keV at normal incidence, and the total electron emission yield also agrees well with available measurements.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Weipeng Yan, Baojun Duan, Zijian Zhu, Yan Song, Guzhou Song, Jiming Ma, Binkang Li, Yucheng Liu
Summary: This article reports on the scintillation performance of Lithium-doped 2D (PEA)2PbBr4 perovskite single crystals synthesized at room temperature. The crystals exhibit fast decay time, high light yield, and high spatial resolution, making them highly promising for medical diagnostic applications.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. B. Vishwakarma, S. K. Dubey, R. L. Dubey, I. Sulania, D. Kanjilal
Summary: Investigations have been conducted on the implanted SiO2 thin film after thermal annealing using various analytical techniques. The results revealed the absence of vacancy defects, variations in vibrational modes and the formation of new structures. The photoluminescence intensity of the annealed SiO2 samples was higher, with a decrease in non-radiative defect centers and an increase in radiative Si:SiO2 interface states. Additionally, the presence of silicon nanoclusters formed after annealing resulted in an additional radiative recombination peak. Furthermore, the formation of new SiOx structures was observed after thermal annealing.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
M. Koshimizu, S. Kurashima, A. Kimura, M. Taguchi
Summary: By observing the scintillation time profiles of CeF3 under irradiations of pulsed beams with different LETs, we found that the initial decay was faster for higher LET, which is consistent with previous studies on other self-activated scintillators. This faster decay at higher LET can be explained by the competition between the scintillation caused by 5d-4f transition of Ce3+ ions and quenching due to the interaction between excited Ce3+ ions close to each other.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Junjie Shi, Jianhong Hao, Fang Zhang, Qiang Zhao, Bixi Xue, Jieqing Fan, Zhiwei Dong
Summary: This study examined the neutralization process and beam quality of a hydrogen beam by emitting negative hydrogen ions to a hydrogen target. The findings showed that the neutralization efficiency was influenced by variables such as the transport distance, energy, and target gas density. However, the maximal neutralization efficiency was not affected by the density of the target gas or the energy of the negative hydrogen ions.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
