Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kasper Monsted Pedersen, Yunus Colak, Signe Vedel-Krogh, Camilla Jannie Kobylecki, Stig Egil Bojesen, Borge Gronne Nordestgaard
Summary: The study found that smoking was associated with an increased risk of ulcerative colitis, while offering potential protection against Crohn's disease. However, genetic evidence did not support a causal relationship between smoking intensity and the development of these inflammatory bowel diseases.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Linmin Hu, Siqing Wu, Yuelong Shu, Kai Su, Chunliang Wang, Danni Wang, Qiangsheng He, Xinyu Chen, Wenjing Li, Ningning Mi, Peng Xie, Jinyu Zhao, Shiyong Zhang, Jinqiu Yuan, Jianbang Xiang, Bin Xia
Summary: Maternal smoking during pregnancy has an impact on the risk of Crohn's disease in adult offspring. Personal smoking and genetic risk amplify this effect.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengfan Luo, Qiaoyue Yuan, Mingzhen Liu, Xingye Song, Yingjie Xu, Tao Zhang, Xiaoqun Zeng, Zhen Wu, Daodong Pan, Yuxing Guo
Summary: This study aimed to develop a novel astaxanthin nanoparticle using gum arabic (GA) and whey protein powder enriched with milk fat globule membranes (MFGM-WPI) as carriers and investigated its effect and alleviation mechanism on colitis in mice. Results showed that MFGM-GA-astaxanthin effectively improved bioaccessibility of astaxanthin, reduced oxidative stress, alleviated colitis symptoms, repaired intestinal barrier function, and restored abnormalities of gut flora. This study provides a promising therapeutic approach for colon diseases using astaxanthin nanoparticles.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Qi Yan Ang, Damian Plichta, Sean Kim, Iris Hyun-A Kim, Sadie Gregory, Yan Xia, Helena Lau, Ramnik Xavier, Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan
Summary: This study identified both common and differential effects of smoking on Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Dysfunction of Paneth cells may mediate the adverse impact of smoking on CD, while bile acid and oxidative stress pathways may be relevant for the differential effect of smoking on CD and UC.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Julien Kirchgesner, Rishi J. Desai, Maria C. Schneeweiss, Laurent Beaugerie, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Seoyoung C. Kim
Summary: Combination therapy with vedolizumab and thiopurines is associated with a lower risk of treatment failure compared to vedolizumab monotherapy in patients with CD, but the effect is less pronounced in UC.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengfan Luo, Qiaoyue Yuan, Mingzhen Liu, Xingye Song, Yingjie Xu, Tao Zhang, Xiaoqun Zeng, Zhen Wu, Daodong Pan, Yuxing Guo
Summary: This study aimed to develop a novel astaxanthin nanoparticle using gum arabic and whey protein powder enriched with milk fat globule membranes as carriers, and investigate its effect and alleviation mechanism on colitis in mice. The study demonstrated that the nanoparticle could improve astaxanthin bioaccessibility and cope with oxidative stress more effectively. In vivo studies showed that the nanoparticle alleviated colitis symptoms, repaired intestinal barrier function, and restored the abnormalities of flora caused by dextran sulfate sodium. This study provides a basis for the therapeutic effect of astaxanthin nanoparticles on colon diseases.
Article
Immunology
Zi-xiao Zhao, Xi Yuan, Yan-yan Cui, Jun Liu, Jing Shen, Bi-ying Jin, Bing-cheng Feng, Yun-jiao Zhai, Meng-qi Zheng, Guan-jun Kou, Ru-chen Zhou, Li-xiang Li, Xiu-li Zuo, Shi-yang Li, Yan-qing Li
Summary: This study reveals that melatonin can alleviate type 2 immune response-associated colitis by suppressing inflammation, improving intestinal permeability, and modulating gut microbiota composition.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Reza Yarani, Ali Shojaeian, Oana Palasca, Nadezhda T. Doncheva, Lars Juhl Jensen, Jan Gorodkin, Flemming Pociot
Summary: This review discusses the differential regulation of miRNAs in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and their potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Through literature curation and computational analysis, a consensus set of differentially expressed miRNAs in mucosal tissues was obtained. The role of these miRNAs and their potential targets in IBD are highlighted.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Anshul Sinha, Yue Li, Mohammadali Khan Mirzaei, Michael Shamash, Rana Samadfam, Irah L. King, Corinne F. Maurice
Summary: The study demonstrates that the gut virome, primarily composed of bacterial viruses, plays a crucial role in modulating intestinal inflammation and disease. Virus-like particles (VLPs) isolated from ulcerative colitis (UC) patients can alter gut bacterial diversity and enhance the severity of experimental colitis in mice. These findings suggest that the gut virome could be a potential target for therapeutic interventions in inflammatory bowel diseases.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tatsuki Noguchi, Soichiro Ishihara, Motoi Uchino, Hiroki Ikeuchi, Koji Okabayashi, Kitaro Futami, Shinji Tanaka, Hiroki Ohge, Hisashi Nagahara, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Michio Itabashi, Kinya Okamoto, Yoshiki Okita, Tsunekazu Mizushima, Yusuke Mizuuchi, Kazutaka Yamada, Yoshifumi Shimada, Yu Sato, Hideaki Kimura, Kenichi Takahashi, Koya Hida, Yusuke Kinugasa, Junji Okuda, Koji Daito, Fumikazu Koyama, Hideki Ueno, Takayuki Yamamoto, Tsunekazu Hanai, Atsuo Maemoto, Koji Oba, Yoichi Ajioka, Kenichi Sugihara
Summary: Patients with longstanding inflammatory bowel disease, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are at high risk of developing intestinal cancers. This study found significant differences between intestinal cancers associated with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Crohn's disease-associated cancers were diagnosed at more advanced stages, detected less frequently by surveillance, and had a poorer prognosis compared to those associated with ulcerative colitis.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yutaro Masu, Yoshitake Kanazawa, Yoichi Kakuta, Yusuke Shimoyama, Motoyuki Onodera, Takeo Naito, Rintaro Moroi, Masatake Kuroha, Tomoya Kimura, Hisashi Shiga, Yoshitaka Kinouchi, Atsushi Masamune
Summary: In inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), the presence of Ig-coated bacteria in the intestine is associated with disease activity, with higher percentages of IgA and IgM-coated bacteria in IBD patients. Specific IgG subtypes coating bacteria were only found in IBD patients, and their levels correlated with disease activities in UC and CD patients. This suggests that analyzing Ig-coated bacteria and Ig subtypes using flow cytometry could provide useful indicators of disease activity and potential treatment targets for IBDs.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Zhen He, Jinjie Wu, Junli Gong, Jia Ke, Tao Ding, Wenjing Zhao, Wai Ming Cheng, Zhanhao Luo, Qilang He, Wanyi Zeng, Jing Yu, Na Jiao, Yanmin Liu, Bin Zheng, Lei Dai, Min Zhi, Xiaojian Wu, Christian Jobin, Ping Lan
Summary: This study suggests that the mesenteric microbiota from patients with CD sculpt a detrimental microenvironment and promote intestinal inflammation.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Florent Clerc, Karli R. Reiding, Noortje de Haan, Carolien A. M. Koeleman, Agnes L. Hipgrave Ederveen, Natalia Manetti, Viktoria Dotz, Vito Annese, Manfred Wuhrer
Summary: This study investigates the associations of immunoglobulin A1 and A2 glycosylation with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Differences in IgA O- and N-glycosylation between patient groups were found to be associated with the diseases, and a statistical model was constructed to predict the disease group of the patients. These findings contribute to the development of noninvasive biomarkers for IBD and improvement in patient care.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Brigida Barberio, Sonia Facchin, Ilaria Patuzzi, Alexander C. Ford, Davide Massimi, Giorgio Valle, Eleonora Sattin, Barbara Simionati, Elena Bertazzo, Fabiana Zingone, Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino
Summary: This study used a machine learning approach to analyze the microbiota profile of UC patients and identified bacterial features associated with different degrees of disease activity. These findings may be useful for the diagnosis and management of UC.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vickie Lacroix, Alexis Cassard, Emmanuel Mas, Frederick Barreau
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are complex diseases involving gut microbiota dysbiosis. By incorporating the functional and integrative map of microbiota, researchers aim to develop personalized medicine and enhance the application of new diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Heidi M. Staudacher, Matthias Scholz, Miranda Ce Lomer, Frances S. Ralph, Peter M. Irving, James O. Lindsay, Francesca Fava, Kieran Tuohy, Kevin Whelan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between diet and microbiota in IBS patients, as well as the impact of two nutritional interventions on the microbiota. The results showed that the low FODMAP diet and probiotic supplementation can alter the microbiota in IBS patients, but baseline microbiota cannot predict clinical response to interventions.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
William D. Chey, Laurie Keefer, Kevin Whelan, Peter R. Gibson
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common condition that affects quality of life and costs healthcare systems billions of dollars annually. In addition to medication, behavioral techniques and dietary modifications are effective in treating IBS.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jose M. Remes-Troche, Hector Taboada-Liceaga, Samantha Gill, Mercedes Amieva-Balmori, Megan Rossi, Gildardo Hernandez-Ramirez, Jose F. Garcia-Mazcorro, Kevin Whelan
Summary: Nopal fiber supplementation at doses of 20 and 30 g/day was associated with short-term improvement in IBS symptoms, warranting a fully powered clinical trial of longer duration with symptomatic, physiological, and microbiological endpoints.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Danielle E. Bear, Liisa MacGowan, Maria Elstad, Zudin Puthucheary, Bronwen Connolly, Rebeka Wright, Nicholas Hart, Stephen Harridge, Kevin Whelan, Nicholas A. Barrett, Luigi Camporota
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of low skeletal muscle index and density in adults with severe respiratory failure and their associations with clinical outcomes. The findings suggest that low skeletal muscle index was associated with a longer duration of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, while higher skeletal muscle density was associated with improved ICU survival.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aaron S. Bancil, Alicia M. Sandall, Megan Rossi, Benoit Chassaing, James O. Lindsay, Kevin Whelan
Summary: The global burden of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] has increased over the 21st century, with factors such as a 'Western diet' and dietary emulsifiers potentially contributing to the rise in prevalence. These factors may trigger the pathogenesis of IBD through various mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Samantha K. Gill, Megan Rossi, Balazs Bajka, Kevin Whelan
Summary: Dietary fiber has been shown to benefit gastrointestinal health through consumption of unrefined whole foods. Studies have demonstrated that dietary fiber can regulate gut and microbial effects, with important implications for gastrointestinal disorders.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
S. Mark Scott, Magnus Simren, Adam D. Farmer, Philip G. Dinning, Emma Carrington, Marc A. Benninga, Rebecca E. Burgell, Eirini Dimidi, Asma Fikree, Alexander C. Ford, Mark Fox, Caroline L. Hoad, Charles H. Knowles, Klaus Krogh, Karen Nugent, Jose Maria Remes-Troche, Kevin Whelan, Maura Corsetti
Summary: This article discusses the epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical associations, pathophysiology, and investigation of chronic constipation, focusing on contemporary hot topics and themes.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kevin Whelan, Trevor Murrells, Myfanwy Morgan, Fraser Cummings, Catherine Stansfield, Anne Todd, Shaji Sebastian, Alan Lobo, Miranda C. E. Lomer, James O. Lindsay, Wladyslawa Czuber-Dochan
Summary: In patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), impaired food-related quality of life (FR-QoL) is prevalent and associated with factors such as recurrent disease flares, reduced IBD-specific QoL, and greater IBD-related distress. Patients with poorer FR-QoL tend to have lower intakes of key nutrients important to IBD, including fiber, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium, which are essential for gut health and bone mineralization.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Christine M. Williams, Judy L. Buttriss, Kevin Whelan
JOURNAL OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kevin Whelan, Nicola Jones
Summary: This study investigated the availability, cost, ingredients, nutritional content, and on-pack claims of commercially-produced fermented foods in the UK. The research found that there were differences in the number of products, cost, and nutritional content among different categories of fermented foods. Commercially-produced fermented foods are diverse in their cost, nutritional content, ingredients, and use of on-pack claims.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Heidi M. Staudacher, Megan Rossi, Thomas Kaminski, Eirini Dimidi, Frances S. E. Ralph, Bridgette Wilson, Lee D. Martin, Petra Louis, Miranda C. E. Lomer, Peter M. Irving, Kevin Whelan
Summary: The study found that a long-term personalized low FODMAP diet can improve symptoms in IBS patients, with no significant impact on Bifidobacteria, but lower concentrations of total SCFA, acetate, propionate, and butyrate.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sara Mancell, Maeisha Islam, Anil Dhawan, Kevin Whelan
Summary: The study found that infants with cholestasis are at risk of fat-soluble vitamin deficiency, particularly in vitamin D and E. The implementation of vitamin supplementation is not standardized, with better performance in vitamin assessment, deficiency, and supplementation observed in infants with biliary atresia.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Selina R. Cox, Wladyslawa Czuber-Dochan, Catherine L. Wall, Hazel Clarke, Candice Drysdale, Miranda C. Lomer, James O. Lindsay, Kevin Whelan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and acceptability of a web resource in enhancing food-related quality of life in newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease patients. The results showed that FR-QoL increased more in the web resource group, and IBD distress reduced, while the control group showed opposite results.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alice C. C. Creedon, Estella S. S. Hung, Eirini Dimidi, Terri Grassby, Sarah E. E. Berry, Kevin Whelan
Summary: Almonds contain unsaturated lipids, which are beneficial for human health. The unique properties of almonds affect their particle size distribution after chewing, making it difficult for the body to fully digest the almond lipids. Commercial grinding of almonds into flour changes the particle size distribution and slightly increases the predicted bioaccessibility of lipids.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Eirini Dimidi, Katerina Belogianni, Kevin Whelan, Miranda C. E. Lomer
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a low FODMAP diet app. The results showed that using the app during FODMAP restriction can significantly reduce gut symptoms and help users detect dietary triggers for long-term self-management.