Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Lauren A. Boller, Stefanie M. Shiels, David C. Florian, Sun H. Peck, Jonathan G. Schoenecker, Craig Duvall, Joseph C. Wenke, Scott A. Guelcher
Summary: This study explores the effects of nHA dispersed in polymeric scaffolds on bone regeneration, finding that nHA has a dose-dependent impact on osteogenesis and promotes new bone formation in a site-specific manner. The findings provide new insights into designing synthetic bone grafts for complex fracture cases.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angela Fernandez-Iglesias, Rocio Fuente, Helena Gil-Pena, Laura Alonso-Duran, Fernando Santos, Jose Manuel Lopez
Summary: The study investigated the formation of the epiphyseal bone plate using various microscopy techniques and found that the bone tissue is generated through a process different from the usual endochondral ossification. Osteoblasts deposit bone matrix on various surfaces, leading to the establishment of a core of bone sheet and subsequent thickening and reshaping. The processes occur in close relationship with cartilage, providing insight into the complex cellular events underlying bone formation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rotem Kalev-Altman, Jerome Nicolas Janssen, Nir Ben-Haim, Tamar Levy, Astar Shitrit-Tovli, Joshua Milgram, Ron Shahar, Dalit Sela-Donenfeld, Efrat Monsonego-Ornan
Summary: The gelatinases MMP2 and MMP9 play distinct roles in skeletal development, with MMP2 involved in intramembranous ossification and MMP9 affecting endochondral ossification. Double knockout mice lacking both gelatinases show phenotypes resembling the single knockout mice, indicating the separate control of different bones by each gelatinase.
Article
Cell Biology
Jonathan C. Bernhard, Darja Marolt Presen, Ming Li, Xavier Monforte, James Ferguson, Gabriele Leinfellner, Patrick Heimel, Susanna L. Betti, Sharon Shu, Andreas H. Teuschl-Woller, Stefan Tangl, Heinz Redl, Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
Summary: In this study, the effects of endochondral and intramembranous ossification pathways on the properties of engineered bone grafts were evaluated. The results showed that grafts generated through endochondral pathway exhibited better bone regeneration and vascularization, making it more suitable for regenerating large defects. On the other hand, the intramembranous ossification pathway could be used to guide tissue formation with scaffold architecture.
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
R. S. Marcucio, T. Miclau, C. S. Bahney
Summary: This review discusses the relationship between mechanisms of bone formation and bone regeneration, highlighting that regeneration is not simply a reinduction of the molecular and cellular programs used for development. The mechanical environment plays a significant role in repair, while cell-intrinsic processes drive skeletal formation.
JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Susan M. Motch Perrine, M. Kathleen Pitirri, Emily L. Durham, Mizuho Kawasaki, Hao Zheng, Danny Z. Chen, Kazuhiko Kawasaki, Joan T. Richtsmeier, Min Zhu
Summary: This study provides a complete 3D reconstruction of the embryonic mouse chondrocranium and investigates the effects of a Fgfr2 variant on skull development. The findings reveal direct impacts of the Fgfr2 variant on embryonic cartilage, chondrocranial morphology, and the association between chondrocranium and dermatocranium development.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Marzia Ferretti, Carla Palumbo
Summary: Static (SO) and dynamic (DO) osteogenesis involve differing characteristics in terms of osteoblast arrangement, motion, time of occurrence, sensitivity to conditioning factors, distribution of resulting osteocytes, collagen texture, mechanical properties of the formed bone, and overall functions.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Joseph A. Panos, Michael J. Coenen, Christopher V. Nagelli, Erin B. McGlinch, Aysegul Atasoy-Zeybek, Consuelo Lopez De Padilla, Rodolfo E. De la Vega, Christopher H. Evans
Summary: This study compared the bone regeneration in a rat femoral defect model under native, impaired, and growth factor-stimulated conditions. Native bone regeneration resulted in a fully healed defect, while impaired bone regeneration led to fibrofatty consolidation resembling an atrophic non-union. Treatment with rhBMP2 promoted rapid bone formation but resulted in inferior mechanical properties compared to natural healing. Technologies favoring endochondral regenerative ossification would improve clinical outcomes.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Kristin Olstad, Stina Ekman, Sigriour Bjornsdottir, Cathrine T. Fjordbakk, Kerstin Hansson, Sigurdur F. Sigurdsson, Charles J. Ley
Summary: Recently, a study examined the central and third tarsal bones of equine fetuses and foals using micro-computed tomography. Radiological changes, including incomplete ossification and focal ossification defects interpreted as osteochondrosis, were found in 16 out of 23 cases. Histological confirmation is needed to determine if vascular failure is the cause of these defects. This study aimed to further examine these bones and describe the tissues present, cartilage canals, and suspected osteochondrosis lesions.
VETERINARY PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Emilio Satoshi Hara, Noriyuki Nagaoka, Masahiro Okada, Takayoshi Nakano, Takuya Matsumoto
Summary: This study reveals the distinct microstructures of bone apatite clusters in intramembranous ossification (IO) and endochondral ossification (EO), and how these differences impact the growth of apatite clusters. The findings offer insightful inspirations for the design of more efficient materials for bone tissue engineering and repair.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Bruce Rothschild
Summary: The identification of skeletal maturity is important for understanding species longevity and maximal achievable size. This study examines the subchondral transcortical channels and articular vascular channels in long bones of birds to determine the point at which skeletal growth cessation occurs.
ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yuki Ikeda, Shoichiro Tani, Takeshi Moriishi, Aiko Kuroda, Yuki Matsuo, Naoya Saeki, Chizuko Inui-Yamamoto, Makoto Abe, Takashi Maeda, David W. Rowe, Ung-il Chung, Hironori Hojo, Yuki Matsushita, Takashi Sawase, Shinsuke Ohba
Summary: This study successfully developed a pluripotent stem cell system that models the intramembranous ossification process in humans and induces two distinct modes of ossification by controlling cell fate.
REGENERATIVE THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Developmental Biology
Sho Tsukamoto, Mai Kuratani, Shinya Tanaka, Eijiro Jimi, Hiromi Oda, Takenobu Katagiri
Summary: Endochondral ossification is important for longitudinal skeletal growth. Osteoblasts, near hypertrophic chondrocytes, contribute to bone formation during this process. Smad4 knockout mice showed increased bone volume due to enhanced osteoblast-mediated bone formation via the Wnt7b-ft-catenin axis. Wnt7b, expressed in differentiated chondrocytes, was suppressed by BMP4 stimulation. Deletion of Wnt7b reduced bone increase in Smad4 knockout mice and inhibited skeletal growth in juveniles, highlighting its role in initiating endochondral ossification.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Sujian Tan, Pin Huan, Baozhong Liu
Summary: This study reveals a functional role of FGFR in organizer specification and dorsal-ventral patterning of Lottia embryos, and indicates that these developmental functions have different sensitivities to FGFR/MAPK signaling.
MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yufeng Dai, Zhuo Li, Meng Fu, Yanqi Li, Changhu Xue, Jingfeng Wang
Summary: AKPs can promote longitudinal bone growth by activating the GH/IGF-1 axis, BMP-2/Smads, and Wnt/beta-catenin pathways, ultimately improving bone strength in mice. These findings suggest the potential role of AKPs in preventing short stature.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
