Article
Neurosciences
Jiajia Wu, Yeon Jin Kim, Dennis M. Dacey, John B. Troy, Robert G. Smith
Summary: A recent study found directional bias in calcium signals recorded from starburst amacrine cells of the macaque retina. Motion from the soma towards the dendritic tips generated a larger calcium signal compared to motion from the tips towards the soma.
VISUAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Todd Stincic, Jacqueline Gayet-Primo, W. Rowland Taylor, Teresa Puthussery
Summary: The study shows that TARP gamma 2 is associated with AMPARs in the synaptic layers of the retina in different species. Lack of TARP gamma 2 expression in stargazer mice leads to reduced synaptic expression of GluA2, GluA3, and GluA4 and smaller light-evoked EPSCs in ON-SACs. This suggests that TARP gamma 2 is required for normal synaptic expression and function of AMPARs in the inner retina.
Article
Biology
Prerna Srivastava, Geoff de Rosenroll, Akihiro Matsumoto, Tracy Michaels, Zachary Turple, Varsha Jain, Santhosh Sethuramanujam, Benjamin L. Murphy-Baum, Keisuke Yonehara, Gautam Bhagwan Awatramani
Summary: In this study, the input kinetics across individual starburst dendrites were directly measured using a two-photon glutamate sensor. The study found that signals from proximal dendrites were relatively sustained, mainly influenced by excitatory network interactions. Computational modeling demonstrated the importance of input kinetics in shaping direction selectivity. These results provide support for the "space-time wiring" model.
Article
Ophthalmology
Agustina Noailles, Oksana Kutsyr, Aloma Mayordomo-Febrer, Pedro Lax, Maria Lopez-Murcia, Silvia M. Sanz-Gonzalez, Maria Dolores Pinazo-Duran, Nicolas Cuenca
Summary: By studying a rat model of chronic glaucoma, it was found that intraocular injections of sodium hyaluronate result in increased intraocular pressure and changes in retinal morphology, similar to the characteristics of human open-angle glaucoma.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jennifer Ding, Albert Chen, Janet Chung, Hector Acaron Ledesma, Mofei Wu, David M. Berson, Stephanie E. Palmer, Wei Wei
Summary: The study reveals that On-Off DSGCs have spatially displaced glutamatergic receptive fields, contributing to specific spiking responses during interrupted motion trajectories. Theoretical analysis suggests that under different stimulus conditions, On-Off DSGCs may collectively signal the spatial location of moving objects in complex visual environments, showcasing the utilization of separate mechanisms by the direction-selective circuit.
Article
Neurosciences
Silke Haverkamp, Laszlo Albert, Vaishnavi Balaji, Pavel Nemec, Karin Dedek
Summary: In this study, various transcription factors were tested in two avian species, revealing their crucial role in the ganglion cells of birds. The markers established may serve as valuable tools for further detailed studies on the retinal circuitry of these highly visual animals.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara S. Patterson, Briyana N. Bembry, Marcus A. Mazzaferri, Maureen Neitz, Fred Rieke, Robijanto Soetedjo, Jay Neitz
Summary: This study reveals that the primate retina has the ability to compute motion direction, which is earlier in the visual system than previously thought, through a connectomic reconstruction of the primate ON-starburst amacrine cell (SAC) circuit.
Article
Cell Biology
Cameron L. Prigge, Mayur Dembla, Arsha Sharma, Malak El-Quessny, Christopher Kozlowski, Caitlin E. Paisley, Adam M. Miltner, Tyler M. Johnson, Luca Della Santina, Marla B. Feller, Jeremy N. Kay
Summary: During nervous system development, the FLRT2-UNC5 receptor-ligand system plays a crucial role in helping neurons reject inappropriate synaptic partners and regulate dendrite growth and localization.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mianzhe Han, Yuki Todo, Zheng Tang
Summary: The study proposed a mechanism for motion direction detection based on Barlow's inhibitory scheme, showing good performance and high detection accuracy in experiments, outperforming traditional Convolution Neural Network (CNN) in terms of accuracy, calculation speed, and cost.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah Strauss, Maria M. Korympidou, Yanli Ran, Katrin Franke, Timm Schubert, Tom Baden, Philipp Berens, Thomas Euler, Anna L. Vlasits
Summary: Motion sensing is a crucial aspect of vision. Research on mouse retinal bipolar cells has revealed the presence of radial direction selectivity, with some cells preferring the origin of small object motion trajectories. This selectivity relies on the properties of the center-surround receptive field. By studying these cells and using connectomics, biophysical models were developed to understand how their selectivity contributes to downstream cells. It was found that bipolar cells pass radial direction selective excitation to starburst amacrine cells, contributing to their directional tuning and potentially impacting motion processing throughout the visual system.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adam Mani, Xinzhu Yang, Tiffany A. Zhao, Megan L. Leyrer, Daniel Schreck, David M. Berson
Summary: This study reveals the role of VGluT3 cells in limiting the speed range of OKN. It enhances our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of retinal cell response to fast motion.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Silke Haverkamp, Matthias Mietsch, Kevin L. Briggman
Summary: This study provides a first-time description of the structural characteristics and morphological differences of the common marmoset retina. The finding of misplaced ganglion cells and misplaced bipolar cell axon terminals has important implications for future research on the physiological and functional impact.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROANATOMY
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Natalie R. Hamilton, Andrew J. Scasny, Alex L. Kolodkin
Summary: Direction-selective (DS) circuits are evolutionarily conserved retinal circuits specialized for motion detection, forming precise connections through cellular, molecular, and activity-dependent mechanisms. These circuits regulate specific speeds and directions of motion in the retina, providing an ideal model system for studying neural connectivity development.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Akihiro Matsumoto, Weaam Agbariah, Stella Solveig Nolte, Rawan Andrawos, Hadara Levi, Shai Sabbah, Keisuke Yonehara
Summary: Through two-photon glutamate imaging, it was discovered that direction selectivity arises early at bipolar cell outputs, with individual bipolar cells containing distinct populations of axon terminal boutons with different preferred directions. Tuning at these boutons relies on cholinergic excitation and GABAergic inhibition, contributing to the incremental refinement of directional tuning in the excitatory visual pathway.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John A. Gaynes, Samuel A. Budoff, Michael J. Grybko, Joshua B. Hunt, Alon Poleg-Polsky
Summary: Antagonistic interactions between center and surround receptive field components are crucial in visual computations. We found that bipolar cells enhance responses to objects in their receptive field and show altered dynamics during continuous motion.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)