Review
Food Science & Technology
Edoardo Capuano, Anja E. M. Janssen
Summary: Food digestion plays a crucial role in the physiological interaction between food and health. It involves breaking down the food matrix and absorbing nutrients and bioactive compounds through mechanical, chemical, and biochemical processes. Understanding how the food matrix is digested can help elucidate the complex effects of food on human health and design functional foods with improved properties.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL 12, 2021
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Elisa Ciavoni, Marit Nederlof, Jaimy Rooijakkers, Johan W. Schrama, Antony J. Prabhu Philip
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of dietary macronutrient composition and buffering capacity on chyme characteristics and digestion kinetics in freshwater rainbow trout. The results showed that dietary macronutrient composition had a significant effect on chyme characteristics, water and ion fluxes in the trout's gastrointestinal tract. However, buffering capacity did not have a significant effect on these factors. Furthermore, changes in dietary macronutrient composition and buffering capacity significantly affected faecal digestibility but did not have a significant effect on digestion kinetics.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Isabel Viera, Marta Herrera, Maria Roca
Summary: This research analyzed the chlorophyll bioaccessibility of ten commercial foods and found a correlation between chlorophyll degradation during digestion and the salt content of the food. Regardless of the nutritional composition or chlorophyll content, the chlorophyll profile after digestion consisted of 90% pheophytins and 10% chlorophylls.
Article
Microbiology
Miin Chan, Di Liu, Yingying Wu, Fan Yang, Kate Howell
Summary: This study investigated the effects of production processes on LAB and yeast microbial viability and gut microbiota composition. It was found that LAB counts significantly increased in fermented foods, while yeast viability remained at high levels in tibicos. Ginger tibicos showed significantly increased LAB and yeast viability during fermentation and storage.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yianna Y. Zhang, Regine Stockmann, Ken Ng, Said Ajlouni
Summary: Both plant proteins and iron supplements can escape small intestinal digestion and absorption, leading to their presence during colonic fermentation. Pea proteins may have beneficial effects during gut fermentation, while iron can adversely affect gut microbiota and epithelial integrity. This study investigated the interaction between iron and pea protein during digestion and fermentation, showing that enzymatic hydrolysis can improve iron solubility. The colonization of iron-containing treatments increased iron bioaccessibility but reduced species diversity and Lactobacillaceae. Pea protein isolate displayed higher levels of short-chain fatty acids and abundance of Propionibacteriaceae in the presence of iron.
Article
Plant Sciences
Christoph Bachofen, Anouchka Perret-Gentil, Thomas Wohlgemuth, Pierre Vollenweider, Barbara Moser
Summary: The study found that European scots pine and black pine seedlings exhibited significant ecotypic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity in responding to severe summer drought, particularly in terms of shoot morphological traits rather than foliar traits. Adaptation to the drought was achieved by reducing shoot growth.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sylvia H. Duncan, Ajay Iyer, Wendy R. Russell
Summary: The composition and metabolic activity of bacteria in the large intestine play a significant role in health, influenced by factors such as diet. Some bacterial species can metabolize a wide range of substrates, while others have limited metabolic capacity. The impact of metabolites produced by gut bacteria on health depends on their source.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Danilo Bondi, Anna Maria Aloisi, Tiziana Pietrangelo, Raffaela Piccinelli, Cinzia Le Donne, Tereza Jandova, Stefano Pieretti, Mattia Taraborrelli, Carmen Santangelo, Bruna Lattanzi, Vittore Verratti
Summary: High-altitude exposure presents various physiological challenges for expedition members. Differences in diet, nutrient intake, and body composition were observed between Italian trekkers and Nepalese porters during a Himalayan expedition, highlighting the need for specific nutritional guidance for diverse expedition groups. Muscle loss and fluid balance are important factors to consider in altitude expeditions.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Agnese Codutti, Jonas Cremer, Karen Alim
Summary: Small intestine motility and flow play a crucial role in nutrient absorption and bacterial growth. Our observations on mice suggest that the average flow velocity is the key factor affecting absorption efficiency and bacterial growth.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olha Strilbytska, Uliana Semaniuk, Volodymyr Bubalo, Kenneth B. Storey, Oleh Lushchak
Summary: The precise regulation of metabolism and feeding behavior is crucial in preventing metabolic diseases. In this study, the effects of dietary choice on Drosophila metabolism were investigated. It was found that the quantity and quality of the chosen diet influenced glucose, trehalose, and triglyceride levels. The results suggest that fruit flies adjust their carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in response to dietary choices to maintain energy homeostasis.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Cheng Li, Enpeng Li
Summary: This study investigated the starch digestibility of 35 commercial baked products and found that biscuits generally had a slower starch digestion rate than mini-breads, while breads including whole wheat bread had the fastest digestion rate. Additionally, starch digestibility was negatively correlated with the calorie and fat content per serving size.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Fuqing Xu, Solomon Inalegwu Okopi, Yongmei Jiang, Zhou Chen, Liyun Meng, Yebo Li, Weimin Sun, Chaokun Li
Summary: This study investigated the co-digestion of food waste and paper food packages. The results showed that co-digestion improved methane yield and had economic advantages.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Yuqing He, Francesco Tiezzi, Jicai Jiang, Jeremy Howard, Yijian Huang, Kent Gray, Jung-Woo Choi, Christian Maltecca
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of eight different methods in estimating the diversity of gut microbiota composition and predicting the growth and body composition traits in pig breeds. The results showed that different methods had varying performance in predicting different traits and breeds, highlighting the importance of gut microbiome data in understanding complex traits in pigs with diverse genetic backgrounds.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Williams Turpin, Mei Dong, Gila Sasson, Juan Antonio Raygoza Garay, Osvaldo Espin-Garcia, Sun-Ho Lee, Anna Neustaeter, Michelle Smith, Haim Leibovitzh, David S. Guttman, Ashleigh Goethel, Anne M. Griffiths, Hien Q. Huynh, Levinus A. Dieleman, Remo Panaccione, A. Hillary Steinhart, Mark S. Silverberg, Guy Aumais, Kevan Jacobson, David Mack, Sanjay K. Murthy, John K. Marshall, Charles N. Bernstein, Maria T. Abreu, Paul Moayyedi, Andrew D. Paterson, Wei Xu, Kenneth Croitoru
Summary: The study found that Mediterranean-like dietary patterns are associated with specific microbial compositions and lower levels of intestinal inflammation, providing insights for future dietary strategies to impact microbial composition and host gut inflammation to prevent diseases.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Williams Turpin, Mei Dong, Gila Sasson, Juan Antonio Raygoza Garay, Osvaldo Espin-Garcia, Sun-Ho Lee, Anna Neustaeter, Michelle Smith, Haim Leibovitzh, David S. Guttman, Ashleigh Goethel, Anne M. Griffiths, Hien Q. Huynh, Levinus A. Dieleman, Remo Panaccione, A. Hillary Steinhart, Mark S. Silverberg, Guy Aumais, Kevan Jacobson, David Mack, Sanjay K. Murthy, John K. Marshall, Charles N. Bernstein, Maria T. Abreu, Paul Moayyedi, Andrew D. Paterson, Wei Xu, Kenneth Croitoru
Summary: Mediterranean-like dietary patterns are associated with specific gut microbial compositions and lower levels of intestinal inflammation.
Editorial Material
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Stephen J. Simpson, David Raubenheimer, Kirsten I. Black, Arthur D. Conigrave
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Navoda Nirmani Liyanapathirana, Amanda Grech, Mengyu Li, Arunima Malik, Manfred Lenzen, David Raubenheimer
Summary: This study integrates input-output analysis and nutritional geometry to assess the sustainability of the Australian macronutrient dietary guidelines (AMDR). The study found that diets adhering to the guidelines were associated with moderate environmental and economic impacts. However, only about 20.42% of participants followed the guidelines. Encouraging the consumption of plant protein to meet the lower limit of recommended protein intake could improve dietary sustainability in Australia.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Richard Grainger, Vincent Raoult, Victor M. Peddemors, Gabriel E. Machovsky-Capuska, Troy F. Gaston, David Raubenheimer
Summary: This study introduces a novel integration of stable isotopes and a multidimensional nutritional niche framework to explore individual diet specialisation in juvenile white sharks. The results show that white sharks are individual specialists within a generalist population niche, but their nutrient intake is consistent, suggesting they are nutritional specialists.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nicholas A. Koemel, Alistair M. Senior, David S. Celermajer, Amanda Grech, Tim P. Gill, Stephen J. Simpson, David Raubenheimer, Michael R. Skilton
Summary: This study evaluated the associations between macronutrient intake and all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. It found that a high-calorie diet consisting of moderately high protein, moderate fat, and moderate carbohydrate levels was associated with the highest mortality risk. Lower mortality risk was observed in two separate regions consisting of higher protein, higher carbohydrate, and lower fat levels or lower protein, moderate carbohydrate, and higher fat levels. These findings highlight the complex nonlinear and interactive association between macronutrients and all-cause mortality.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Christoph Saner, Alistair M. Senior, Hanyue Zhang, Aino-Maija Eloranta, Costan G. Magnussen, Matthew A. Sabin, Markus Juonala, Marco Janner, David P. Burgner, Ursula Schwab, Eero A. Haapala, Berit L. Heitmann, Stephen J. Simpson, David Raubenheimer, Timo A. Lakka
Summary: This study tested for protein leverage and the protein leverage hypothesis in children and adolescents. The results showed that proportional energy intake of proteins was inversely associated with energy intake, and increased energy intake on diets with lower protein content was counterbalanced by increased energy expenditure and did not lead to increased adiposity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Robert Spitzer, Eric Coissac, Joris P. G. M. Cromsigt, Annika M. Felton, Christian Fohringer, Marietjie Landman, Wiebke Neumann, David Raubenheimer, Navinder J. Singh, Pierre Taberlet, Fredrik Widemo
Summary: Differences in botanical diet compositions correlated with nutritional differences in moose faecal samples collected during winter. Moose mixed Scots pine and Vaccinium spp. as complementary foods to reach a nutritional target resembling Salix spp. twigs and selected for Salix spp. browse. Available protein and total non-structural carbohydrates showed significant correlation in observed diets.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Arthur D. Conigrave, Stephen J. Simpson
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Javier Gomez Ortega, David P. Raubenheimer, Sonika P. Tyagi, Christen P. Mirth, Matthew D. W. P. Piper
Summary: Dietary nutrient composition plays a crucial role in shaping vital fitness traits and behaviors. Fruit flies, like Drosophila melanogaster, experience protein limitation at the level of amino acids. Despite significant differences in gene expression between male and female flies, their amino acid utilization patterns are remarkably conserved.
Article
Ecology
Jorin Veen, Haneul Jang, David Raubenheimer, Bryndan O. C. M. van Pinxteren, Vidrige Kandza, Patrick G. Meirmans, Nicole M. van Dam, Susanne Dunker, Petra Hoffmann, Anja Worrich, Karline R. L. Janmaat
Summary: The study examines the seasonal diet composition, foraging behavior, and botanical knowledge of Mbendjele BaYaka forager children in the Republic Congo. The results show that children's foraging behavior and botanical knowledge fluctuate with the seasons. The children spend more than half of their time foraging independently, predominantly collecting and eating fruits, tubers, and seeds. The study suggests that the foraging activities of BaYaka children facilitate the acquisition of foraging skills and botanical knowledge, and the transition to a horticultural lifestyle has significant consequences for their cognitive development.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hanyue Zhang, Alistair M. Senior, Christoph Saner, Nanna J. Olsen, Sofus C. Larsen, Stephen J. Simpson, David Raubenheimer, Berit L. Heitmann
Summary: The protein leverage hypothesis (PLH) was confirmed in preschool children, with protein intake being the most tightly regulated macronutrient and energy intake inversely related to dietary protein concentration. High dietary protein intake was associated with decreased waist- and hip-height ratio over time, suggesting an impact on obesity risk in children.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Biology
David Raubenheimer, Stephen J. Simpson
Summary: Despite disagreement, greater emphasis on integrative approaches in obesity research is necessary. Nutritional geometry, a multi-nutrient framework, can be used to study obesity. The protein leverage hypothesis suggests that the dilution of protein in modern food supplies has led to increased energy intake.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jibran A. Wali, Duan Ni, Harrison J. W. Facey, Tim Dodgson, Tamara J. Pulpitel, Alistair M. Senior, David Raubenheimer, Laurence Macia, Stephen J. Simpson
Summary: This study investigates the metabolic effects of sugars and fat, specifically the interaction between dietary fat and the main monosaccharides, fructose and glucose, on body composition and metabolic health. The results show that a 50:50 mixture of fructose and glucose, similar to high-fructose corn syrup, consumed in low and medium dietary fat content, is more obesogenic and metabolically adverse than when either monosaccharide is consumed alone. The effects of dietary sugar composition become less pronounced with increasing dietary fat content, and higher fat intake is more harmful for glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity regardless of the sugar mix consumed.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nicholas A. Koemel, Alistair M. Senior, Tarik Benmarhnia, Andrew Holmes, Mirei Okada, Youssef Oulhote, Helen M. Parker, Sanam Shah, Stephen J. Simpson, David Raubenheimer, Timothy P. Gill, Nasser Laouali, Michael R. Skilton
Summary: This study examined the role of gut microbiome metabolites in the relationship between diet quality and cardiometabolic health. The analysis of cross-sectional data from 4685 US adults revealed significant interactive associations between microbial lignan metabolites and several cardiometabolic health markers. These findings suggest that the gut microbiome may modulate the overall association of diet quality with cardiometabolic health.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jiabao Yan, Cuiru Ren, Yunlong Dong, Jibran A. A. Wali, Hongjie Song, Ying Zhang, Hengrui Zhang, Guangning Kou, David Raubenheimer, Zhenwei Cui
Summary: Ketogenic diet combined with moderate aerobic exercise effectively reduces body weight and fat mass, with no significant adverse effects except for an increase in circulating triglyceride level. Aerobic exercise further improves blood parameters and hepatic condition in mice fed with ketogenic diet.