Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mark Royer, Carl Meyer, John Royer, Kelsey Maloney, Edward Cardona, Chloe Blandino, Guilherme Fernandes da Silva, Kate Whittingham, Kim N. Holland
Summary: The tropical scalloped hammerhead shark prevents convective heat loss at the gills during dives into cold water by suppressing gill function.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Coralie Mignot, Anica Schunke, Charlotte Sinding, Thomas Hummel
Summary: The study did not find a clear peripheral adaptation as measured by EOG, but suggests the possibility of such an effect based on a few subjects showing decreases in EOG amplitude over stimulations.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Shuaizheng Yan, Zhengxing Wu, Jian Wang, Sijie Li, Min Tan, Junzhi Yu
Summary: This study explores the distinctive rolled swimming motion mode of the hammerhead shark through a biomimetic robotic hammerhead shark. By constructing a scaled-down robotic prototype and establishing kinematics and dynamics models, the impact of the long dorsal fin and rolling state on swimming performance is investigated. Extensive aquatic experiments demonstrate that the proposed rolled motion significantly improves locomotion performance and propulsive efficiency of the robotic hammerhead shark.
IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Emily Fitzwater, David M. Coppola
Summary: Deprivation leads to an increase in electroolfactogram amplitudes, while odor enrichment has different effects on different strains of mice. The results support the existence of a common underlying homeostatic mechanism that aims to preserve sensory information flow regardless of the odorant environment.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pedro Afonso, Miguel Gandra, Goncalo Graca, Bruno Macena, Frederic Vandeperre, Jorge Fontes
Summary: This study used acoustic and satellite telemetry to investigate the population of juvenile smooth hammerhead sharks in the Azores archipelago and confirmed the existence of nurseries in this area. The sharks showed a preference for using coastal nurseries during the day and venturing further offshore at night, possibly to feed. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the ecological behaviors and implementing conservation measures for the smooth hammerhead shark.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Oliver N. Shipley, Gregory A. Henkes, James Gelsleichter, Clark R. Morgan, Eric V. Schneider, Brendan S. Talwar, Michael G. Frisk
Summary: The isotopic composition of tooth-bound collagen is used to reconstruct dietary patterns of animals, showing different isotopic values compared to other tissues and significant variability in isotopic values among teeth of different ages.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Aurora Kraus, Mar Huertas, Laura Ellis, Pierre Boudinot, Jean-Pierre Levraud, Irene Salinas
Summary: Loss of smell is a prevalent symptom of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein can cause damage to the zebrafish olfactory system, leading to structural and functional impairment. Single cell RNA sequencing revealed loss of olfactory receptor expression and inflammatory responses.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Shuaizheng Yan, Jian Wang, Zhengxing Wu, Min Tan, Junzhi Yu
Summary: This paper proposes a novel autonomous navigation framework integrated with visual stabilization control for robotic fish in underwater autonomous operation. Extensive simulations and underwater experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed methods, which significantly enhance exploration efficiency and reduce image jitter by 26.02% compared to the traditional methods.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
N. A. Lopez, R. B. Mcauley, S. van Elden, J. J. Meeuwig
Summary: This study used drones to characterize the spatial and temporal distribution of a scalloped hammerhead shark aggregation in the Shoalwater Islands Marine Park in southwest Western Australia. The presence of the sharks was influenced by lunar illumination phases, indicating that the aggregation site may serve as a refuge. The study also highlights the need for management measures to limit potential impacts.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Dennis D. U. Heinrich, Charlie Huveneers, Thomas M. Houslay, Felicie Dhellemmes, Culum Brown
Summary: Learning is a process that enables animals to develop adaptive behaviors in response to novel situations. Habituation, the simplest form of learning, allows animals to ignore irrelevant recurring stimuli and conserve resources. This study investigates habituation in sharks and finds that they learn to avoid wasting time and energy on inaccessible food sources. However, the use of olfactory cues alone may have limitations in attracting sharks for tourism purposes.
Article
Biology
Lauren E. Simonitis, Christopher D. Marshall
Summary: The study on the olfactory organ of bonnethead sharks revealed different water flow velocities in different parts of the complex structure, with the medial end experiencing nearly stagnant water recirculation. The findings suggest that areas with slower water velocities have less sensory area and secondary folding, indicating they may be less sensitive to odors. Future work should investigate sensitivity differences within the olfactory rosette along the lateral-to-medial gradient.
INTEGRATIVE ORGANISMAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Baolin Ge, Chunyu Hou, Bin Bao, Zhilin Pan, Jose Eduardo Mate Sanchez de Val, Jeevithan Elango, Wenhui Wu
Summary: Collagen extracted from blacktip reef shark skin can serve as a potential new material for tissue engineering applications. It has a protein pattern similar to type-I collagen and retains a stable secondary structure. It also exhibits good solubility and optical absorption characteristics.
Article
Immunology
Zhenjie Ma, Weihao Li, Liujing Zhuang, Tieqiao Wen, Ping Wang, Hongmeng Yu, Yongliang Liu, Yiqun Yu
Summary: In this study, TMEM59 is identified as a critical regulator in maintaining and regenerating the olfactory epithelium. TMEM59 deletion leads to transcriptional changes, affecting genes associated with olfactory transduction and inflammatory/immune response. Loss of TMEM59 impairs olfactory functions, decreases proliferation, and promotes infiltration of inflammatory cells. TMEM59 also plays a role in the regeneration of the olfactory epithelium, with reduced proliferative cells and sensory neurons. Anti-inflammatory treatment can recover neuronal generation and olfactory functions, suggesting a potential therapy for olfactory dysfunction associated with inflammation.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Hoang Huy Huynh, Wen-Pei Tsai
Summary: Limited data on fisheries can be supplemented by demographic models to understand population dynamics. This study used expert knowledge and life history information to project the population growth of two hammerhead shark species and analyze the sensitivity of different life stages. The research highlights the challenges of overexploitation and emphasizes the importance of reducing fishing mortality for population growth.
JOURNAL OF SEA RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mark de Bruyn, Matteo Barbato, Joseph D. DiBattista, Matt K. Broadhurst
Summary: The study investigated the feeding ecologies of the common blacktip shark and the great hammerhead off eastern Australia, revealing their main prey as stingrays and teleost fish, with a challenge in distinguishing primary and secondary predation due to extensive mixing in predator and prey taxa through stomach chyme.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Alejandro Martinez, Jason Dejong, Idil Akin, Ali Aleali, Chloe Arson, Jared Atkinson, Paola Bandini, Tugce Baser, Rodrigo Borela, Ross Boulanger, Matthew Burrall, Yuyan Chen, Clint Collins, Douglas Cortes, Sheng Dai, Theodore DeJong, Emanuela Del Dottore, Kelly Dorgan, Richard Fragaszy, J. David Frost, Robert Full, Majid Ghayoomi, Daniel Goldman, Nicholas Gravish, Ivan L. Guzman, James Hambleton, Elliot Hawkes, Michael Helms, David Hu, Lin Huang, Sichuan Huang, Christopher Hunt, Duncan Irschick, Hai Thomas Lin, Bret Lingwall, Alen Marr, Barbara Mazzolai, Benjamin McInroe, Tejas Murthy, Kyle O'Hara, Marianne Porter, Salah Sadek, Marcelo Sanchez, Carlos Santamarina, Lisheng Shao, James Sharp, Hannah Stuart, Hans Henning Stutz, Adam Summers, Julian Tao, Michael Tolley, Laura Treers, Kurtis Turnbull, Rogelio Valdes, Leon van Paassen, Gioacchino Viggiani, Daniel Wilson, Wei Wu, Xiong Yu, Junxing Zheng
Summary: The interactions between biological organisms and soil provide unique principles and design ideas for addressing geotechnical challenges, while also offering potential benefits for understanding mechanisms in biology.
Article
Fisheries
Micah J. Quindazzi, Adam P. Summers, Francis Juanes
Summary: Morphometrics of fish otoliths are commonly used to study population structures and environmental impacts on development. Automating the measurement process can save valuable time and resources, while providing more accurate information compared to manual 2D methods. The study found that automated 3D methods were able to detect differences that 2D methods could not, and were significantly faster in processing time.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Eva Turicchia, Marco Abbiati, Matteo Bettuzzi, Barbara Calcinai, Maria Pia Morigi, Adam P. Summers, Massimo Ponti
Summary: This study investigates the bioconstruction and bioerosion processes in the northern Adriatic coralligenous reefs using limestone tiles deployed in different benthic assemblages. The main builders were encrusting calcareous rhodophytes, bryozoans, and barnacles, while the most effective borers were sponges and bivalves. Bioconstruction was found to surpass bioerosion in 3 years, and after 12 years, the net balance was essentially nil at all sites.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Olivia A. Erickson, Rebecca B. Cole, Jared M. Isaacs, Silvia Alvarez-Clare, Jonathan Arnold, Allison Augustus-Wallace, Joseph C. Ayoob, Alan Berkowitz, Janet Branchaw, Kevin R. Burgio, Charles H. Cannon, Ruben Michael Ceballos, C. Sarah Cohen, Hilary Coller, Jane Disney, Van A. Doze, Margaret J. Eggers, Stacy Farina, Edwin L. Ferguson, Jeffrey J. Gray, Jean T. Greenberg, Alexander Hoffmann, Danielle Jensen-Ryan, Robert M. Kao, Alex C. Keene, Johanna E. Kowalko, Steven A. Lopez, Camille Mathis, Mona Minkara, Courtney J. Murren, Mary Jo Ondrechen, Patricia Ordonez, Anne Osano, Elizabeth Padilla-Crespo, Soubantika Palchoudhury, Hong Qin, Juan Ramirez-Lugo, Jennifer Reithel, Colin A. Shaw, Amber Smith, Rosemary Smith, Adam P. Summers, Fern Tsien, Erin L. Dolan
Summary: This paragraph describes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on undergraduate research programs in the United States and the implementation of remote undergraduate research programs in the life sciences. Through surveys and discussions, the strengths, weaknesses, and recommendations for improvement of these programs were identified. Despite coinciding with a peak in awareness of racial inequities and structural racism, students reported lower focus on these topics.
CBE-LIFE SCIENCES EDUCATION
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jonathan M. Huie, Adam P. Summers
Summary: The northern clingfish has a suction-based adhesive disc that can stick to rough surfaces, similar to bioinspired suction cups. The study found that surface roughness had little effect on adhesion on compliant substrates, and the biomimetic suction cups performed the best on these surfaces.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Stephen M. Kajiura, John C. Loyer, Cassandra Ruddy, Marianne E. Porter
Summary: The Caribbean reef shark Carcharhinus perezi exhibits a unique behavior of resting on the substrate, which is not seen in other members of its genus. A study quantified the swimming kinematics of C. perezi in the wild, showing that its head yaw frequency is higher than its tailbeat frequency, but the amplitude of the tail exceeds that of the head. In comparison to its ram ventilating congener C. limbatus, C. perezi shows lower velocity, head yaw frequency, and tailbeat frequency.
JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Gregory P. Sutton, Ryan St Pierre, Chi-Yun Kuo, Adam P. Summers, Sarah Bergbreiter, Suzanne Cox, S. N. Patek
Summary: In this study, trap-jaw ants were found to utilize dual spring force couples to achieve ultrafast and precise mandible rotations. This mechanism reduces joint energy losses and enables multifunctional movement.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Karly E. Cohen, Oliver Lucanus, Adam P. Summers, Matthew A. Kolmann
Summary: This study traces the evolution of lips and ligaments in a herbivorous group of fishes, finding that frugivorous species have larger and more complex lips, while grazing species have callused lips. Unlike mammals, fish lips lack skeletal or smooth muscle, but have a connection to the jaw adductors.
ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Amanda M. Herbert, Mason N. Dean, Adam P. Summers, Cheryl D. Wilga
Summary: Elasmobranch fishes, including the spotted ratfish, have adapted their jaw morphology and mechanical properties to consume both hard and soft prey. The fusion of the upper jaw with the cranium reduces deformation, while the lower jaw is designed to resist bending and occludes with the wider and flatter region of the upper jaw, suggesting a function for crushing or cracking prey.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jonathan M. Huie, Dylan K. Wainwright, Adam P. Summers, Karly E. Cohen
Summary: The northern clingfish, Pacific spiny lumpsucker, and marbled snailfish are fishes that have evolved ventral adhesive discs. Adhesive performance is influenced by the flow regimes in their habitats. The northern clingfish has the highest adhesive forces, while lumpsuckers and snailfish generate less adhesive force but have different body shapes and habitat preferences.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Megan L. Vandenberg, Karly E. Cohen, Robert D. Rubin, Jeremy A. Goldbogen, Adam P. Summers, E. W. Misty Paig-Tran, Shirel R. Kahane-Rapport
Summary: Recent studies have shown that balaenids likely feed using a self-cleaning, cross-flow filtration mechanism, while how filtering is achieved in rorquals remains unclear. This study used a multimodal approach to investigate baleen anatomy in five species of rorqual whales and found that larger whales exhibited hypoallometry relative to body length. The study also proposed a model for estimating the effective pore size, which may reflect changes in resistance through the filter that affect fluid flow rather than prey size.
JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Mary E. Bowers, Stephen M. Kajiura
Summary: Global climate change affects oceanic characteristics and animal distribution. Inconsistencies in the migratory movement of blacktip sharks off the U.S. East Coast challenge current knowledge. Published data can be interpreted in multiple ways and perpetuate uncertain observations, calling for further research on the movement ecology of blacktip sharks in this region.
ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Karly E. Cohen, Adam P. Summers
Summary: The Pacific Spiny Lumpsucker, a widely distributed subtidal species, communicates and camouflages through emitting red and green fluorescence.
ICHTHYOLOGY AND HERPETOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Kassandra L. Ford, Maxwell J. Bernt, Adam P. Summers, James S. Albert
Summary: This study used 3D geometric morphometrics and phylogenetic analysis to study the skull evolution of ghost electric knifefishes. The results showed the presence of clades characterized by morphological stasis or phylogenetic conservatism in the apteronotid species. Additionally, certain phenotypic combinations were found to dominate among species and clades. These findings provide evidence for developmental or functional constraints in the evolution of craniofacial phenotypes in this ecologically dominant clade.
ICHTHYOLOGY AND HERPETOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jonathan M. Huie, Adam P. Summers, Sandy M. Kawano
Summary: Second moment of area is a crucial measure in studying the mechanical adaptations of biological structures. With the advancement of micro-CT scans and open-source software like SegmentGeometry, analyzing and calculating second moment of area and other cross-sectional properties has become more accessible.
INTEGRATIVE ORGANISMAL BIOLOGY
(2022)