Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ashley E. Douglas, Nicholas J. Felicione, Margaret G. Childers, Eric K. Soule, Melissa D. Blank
Summary: This study examined the predictors of ECIG dependence among never-smoking ECIG users and found that longer durations of ECIG use and more use days per week were significantly associated with higher dependence scores. Higher nicotine concentrations were only associated with higher dependence scores on one of the measures. Device characteristics and types did not predict dependence after controlling for covariates.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zahra Golsanamlou, Alessandro Fortunelli, Luca Sementa
Summary: This article introduces a new two-dimensional material -- chlorine-doped ultrathin hafnium disulfide (HfS2), which combines the characteristics of a metal and a semiconductor, enabling the realization of FET devices with purely ohmic behavior, high conductivity, and high on/off ratio.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Irene Yang, Jeannie Rodriguez, Christa Young Wright, Yi-Juan Hu
Summary: Vapers exhibit an altered oral microbiome, and dual use of electronic cigarettes and conventional cigarettes is associated with the presence of several known pathogenic microbes.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ashley E. Douglas, Margaret G. Childers, Katelyn F. Romm, Nicholas J. Felicione, Jenny E. Ozga, Melissa D. Blank
Summary: This study investigated the predictors of dependence in never-smoking electronic cigarette (ECIG) users, focusing on individual and combined device features as well as user behaviors. The results showed that higher levels of dependence and craving were associated with older age, more frequent ECIG use, using nicotine-containing ECIGs, and using non-refillable cartridge or refillable tank styles. Higher levels of withdrawal were observed for higher education levels and specific device features, while lower levels of withdrawal were associated with a preference for sweet/fruit flavors.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Remi Valter, Ophelie Guyonvarch, Ingrid Allagbe, Anne-Laurence Le Faou
Summary: The study aimed to explore factors associated with one-month abstinence in dual users compared to exclusive smokers in French smoking cessation services (SCS). The results showed that dual users had similar cessation rates as exclusive smokers, but presented more comorbidities and higher nicotine dependence levels. Predictors of abstinence in dual users included employment or retirement, multiple previous quit attempts, low nicotine dependence, high motivation to quit, and regular follow-up consultations. The findings suggest that dual users seeking help in SCS can benefit from support to achieve abstinence, despite their higher nicotine dependence and comorbidities. Further qualitative research is needed to provide tailored interventions for this specific group of smokers.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Marshall K. Cheney, Page D. Dobbs, Christopher Dunlap, Yu Lu, Julia Oehlers, Elise Hodges
Summary: The study found that beliefs about harm to the brain, others, and the environment had the most influence on JUUL users, with females more likely to decrease JUUL use and those who used other tobacco products less likely to do so. Tobacco industry affiliation with JUUL did not have a negative impact on participant decisions.
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jamie E. Spahn, Salomon A. Stavchansky, Zhengrong Cui
Summary: Electronic cigarettes, marketed as smoking cessation devices, have raised concerns over safety due to their rapid adoption and lack of regulation. More research is needed on these devices and nicotine solutions, given the current lack of regulation in the market.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
D. Brett Hopkins, Mohammed Al-Hamdani
Summary: The study aimed to investigate how youth and young adult e-cigarette users responded to the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings showed a decrease in vaping behaviors during the pandemic, with gender differences observed. Females, who take more puffs per vaping episode, may benefit the most from increased vaping cessation support.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Michelle Jongenelis
Summary: This study explored the preferences of Australian e-cigarette users for different types of e-cigarettes and e-liquids. The majority of users preferred nicotine-containing e-liquids, especially with fruit flavors. Disposable e-cigarettes were the most commonly used devices, and friends and tobacco retailers were the main sources of nicotine e-liquids. The study suggests the need for restrictions on flavored e-liquids and disposable e-cigarettes and stronger enforcement of laws on nicotine e-liquid sales and importation to protect youth and non-smokers.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Myles Davidson, Mohammed Al-Hamdani
Summary: This study examined the social aspects and preferences of young ENDS users, and found gender differences and differences based on tobacco use status. Males were more likely to experience pressure to vape from friends and employment, while females were more influenced by others they know on social media.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Banat Gul, Muhammad Salman Khan, Hijaz Ahmad, Phatiphat Thounthong
Summary: In this study, the structural, electronic, optical, and transport properties of Magnesium-based group II-VI materials were investigated using density functional theory calculations. The results showed that these materials are indirect bandgap semiconductors, with bandgaps of 1.17 eV for MgCdO2 and 0.51 eV for MgCdS2. The computed total density of states exhibited a sequential shift with increasing energy. The linear optical parameters, such as the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function, were calculated and analyzed in detail. Additionally, the thermoelectric properties of these materials were computed, suggesting their efficiency for thermoelectric device applications.
JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Krysten W. Bold, Grace Kong, Meghan Morean, Ralitza Gueorguieva, Deepa R. Camenga, Patricia Simon, Danielle R. Davis, Asti Jackson, Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin
Summary: The study found that the use of JUUL, disposables/cig-a-likes, and vape pens among adolescents significantly increased from 2017 to 2019, while the use of mods and other pod devices decreased. Over 59% of youth reported using more than one e-cigarette device in 2019, and more youth became frequent users of disposables/cig-a-likes and JUUL devices over time.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Tingke Rao, Yuanliang Zhou, Jie Jiang, Peng Yang, Wugang Liao
Summary: This review systematically summarizes advanced strategies to improve the electrochromic properties of TMO-based ECDs, leading to their applications in energy storage, optical and thermal modulation. The fundamental electrochromism in different categories of TMO materials, along with various strategies to enhance device performances and reliability, are discussed with an emphasis on degradation mechanism. Finally, the challenges and prospects for TMO in the future ECDs field are also addressed.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qian Zhang, Jennifer Jeon, Travis Goldsmith, Marilyn Black, Roby Greenwald, Christa Wright
Summary: Evaluating the parameters that influence electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) emissions and exposure levels is crucial for protecting human health. A multi-channel ENDS aerosol generation system (EAGS) was developed to study particle emissions from pod- and mod-type devices. The study found that device type, e-liquid flavoring, and nicotine content can affect particle emissions. The EAGS was shown to produce realistic and reproducible puff profiles, making it a suitable platform for studying ENDS-associated exposure risks.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Benjamin A. Cristol, Stephanie L. Clendennen, Emily T. Hebert, Melissa B. Harrell
Summary: This study compared symptoms of nicotine dependence among young adults who were exclusive past 30-day (P30D) users of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) versus exclusive P30D cigarette smokers. The results showed that young adults who used ENDS exhibited higher levels of nicotine dependence symptoms compared to cigarette smokers.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Andrea L. Hobkirk, Kenneth R. Houser, Brianna Hoglen, Zachary T. Bitzer, Alan Fendrich, Candace R. Bordner, Jonathan Foulds, Jianli Wang, Dahlia Mukherjee, Jessica M. Yingst, Prasanna Karunanayaka, Reema Goel, John P. Richie, Ryan J. Elias, Qing X. Yang
Summary: Contrary to expectations, flavored e-cigarette aerosols were associated with weaker activation in specific regions of the brain compared to unflavored aerosols, while engaging taste-related regions. Functional connectivity between dopaminergic brain seeds and cortical brain regions involved in motivation and reward salience was stronger during flavored aerosol use, suggesting that fruity and dessert-flavored e-cigarettes may impact the reward experience of smokers.
EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Andrea L. Hobkirk, Brianna Hoglen, Tianhong Sheng, Ava Kristich, Jessica M. Yingst, Kenneth R. Houser, Nicolle M. Krebs, Sophia Allen, Candace R. Bordner, Craig Livelsberger, Jonathan Foulds
Summary: This study investigated perceptions of harm and addictiveness associated with a popular e-cigarette brand, JUUL, and their relationship with quit intentions and attempts among US adult JUUL users. Findings showed that a small percentage of users were interested in quitting and perceived JUUL to be addictive. These findings highlight the importance of providing evidence-based information on e-cigarette addictiveness and effective cessation strategies.
PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Eric Sobieski, Jessica Yingst, Jonathan Foulds
Summary: Long-term exclusive e-cigarette users generally have little interest in quitting e-cigarette use. Factors such as intention to quit, smoking history, e-cigarette dependence, device type and number of devices used are associated with e-cigarette quitting behaviors.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Savreen K. Saran, Kalin Z. Salinas, Jonathan Foulds, Ovgu Kaynak, Brianna Hoglen, Kenneth R. Houser, Nicolle M. Krebs, Jessica M. Yingst, Sophia I. Allen, Candace R. Bordner, Andrea L. Hobkirk
Summary: This study examined the differences between dual nicotine and cannabis vape users and single-substance users. The results showed that dual users started using their vapes at a younger age, used them for more years, and were less likely to use their nicotine vapes to replace combustible cigarettes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Susan Veldheer, Wen-Jan Tuan, Laila Al-Shaar, Martha Wadsworth, Lawrence Sinoway, Kathryn H. Schmitz, Christopher Sciamanna, Xiang Gao
Summary: This study investigated the differences in health outcomes, fruits and vegetables (F&V) intake, and 10-year mortality risk among gardeners and exercisers compared with nonexercisers in individuals aged 65 years and older. The results showed that gardeners had lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and higher F&V intake compared to nonexercisers. This study has important implications for cardiovascular health and disease prevention in older adults.
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Substance Abuse
Michael F. Pesko, K. Michael Cummings, Clifford E. Douglas, Jonathan Foulds, Thomas Miller, Nancy A. Rigotti, Kenneth E. Warner
Article
Substance Abuse
Christine E. Sheffer, Alina Shevorykin, Jonathan Foulds, Ellen Carl, Martin C. Mahoney, Lindsey Bensch, Amylynn Liskiewicz, Darian Vantucci, Brian McDonough, Andrew Szeliga, Maciej L. Goniewicz, Andrew Hyland
Summary: This study aimed to develop a brief and valid scale to measure nicotine dependence among adults seeking to discontinue ENDS use. The findings showed that the 5-item Roswell eND Scale demonstrated good validity and can effectively assess nicotine dependence in this population.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Jessica M. Yingst, Matthew Carrillo, Kimberly H. Chan, Karen Choi, Joseph Dao, Pallavi Kulkarni, Candace Bordner, Neerav Goyal, Jonathan Foulds, Rebecca Bascom
Summary: This systematic review aims to identify effective interventions for smoking cessation among persons with cancer and suggest directions for future research. The results indicate that intensive combined behavioral and pharmacological interventions are the most effective for quitting smoking among cancer patients. However, current studies have quality issues, including the lack of biochemical verification for abstinence.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Susan Veldheer, Maxfield Whitehead-Zimmers, Candace Bordner, Benjamin Watt, E. Conroy, Kathryn H. Schmitz, Christopher Sciamanna
Summary: This study aimed to gather participant insights on intervention components and topics of interest for a digitally delivered gardening-focused multiple health behavior change intervention. A web-based survey revealed high interest in gardening programming, with a preference for brief videos and suggestions for content covering various aspects of gardening activities.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Jessica M. Yingst, Candace Bordner, Shari Hrabovsky, Andrea L. Hobkirk, Neil Trushin, John P. Richie Jr, Jonathan Foulds
Summary: This study evaluated the nicotine delivery and subjective effects of IQOS among current menthol cigarette smokers. The results showed that most participants enjoyed using IQOS and reported reduced cigarette cravings. Therefore, menthol IQOS has the potential to serve as a less harmful alternative for menthol cigarette smokers.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Jessica Yingst, Xi Wang, Alexa A. Lopez, Alison Breland, Eric Soule, Andrew Barnes, Joanna Cohen, Megan Underwood, Melanie Crabtree, Jonathan Foulds
Summary: This study found that using electronic cigarettes can reduce cigarette dependence without significantly increasing total nicotine exposure. It also found that using electronic cigarettes can reduce cigarette dependence and increase electronic cigarette dependence (only in the condition with the highest nicotine concentration), but there was no long-term increase in total nicotine dependence or nicotine exposure.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Jonathan Foulds, Caroline O. Cobb, Miao-Shan Yen, Susan Veldheer, Phoebe Brosnan, Jessica Yingst, Shari Hrabovsky, Alexa A. Lopez, Sophia Allen, Christopher Bullen, Xi Wang, Chris Sciamanna, Erin Hammett, Breianna L. Hummer, Courtney Lester, John P. Richie, Nadia Chowdhury, Jacob T. Graham, Le Kang, Shumei Sun, Thomas Eissenberg
Summary: This study examined the effects of using electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) on cigarette abstinence in smokers with no plans to quit. The results showed that if smokers continued to use ENDS with nicotine delivery approaching that of a cigarette, a greater proportion completely quit smoking compared to placebo or a cigarette substitute.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2022)