Article
Neurosciences
Nguyen Nguyen, Kyu-Sung Kim, Gyutae Kim
Summary: The directional preference of otolith-related vestibular neurons is closely related to the neuroanatomical link of labyrinths. Neuronal direction preference depends on the side of the lesion, and is mainly led by convergent neurons.
Article
Neurosciences
Junya Fukuda, Kazunori Matsuda, Go Sato, Tadashi Kitahara, Momoyo Matsuoka, Takahiro Azuma, Yoshiaki Kitamura, Koichi Tomita, Noriaki Takeda
Summary: In this study, betahistine was found to enhance the late process of vestibular compensation in rats after unilateral labyrinthectomy, while having no effect on the initial process. This suggests a potential role for betahistine in facilitating the recovery of vestibular function following inner ear surgery.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yehree Kim, Byung Chul Kang, Myung Hoon Yoo, Hong Ju Park
Summary: This study analyzed the abnormal rates of canal and otolith function in common vestibular disorders. The results showed that there were different patterns of involvement in canal and otoliths among different disorders, suggesting various pathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shin Hye Kim, Sang-Yeon Lee, Ji-Soo Kim, Ja-Won Koo
Summary: This study analyzed the parameters of OVAR in UVH and BVP patients, showing different patterns of BIC but no significant changes in MOC. There was no clear correlation between VEMP and OVAR.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ian S. Curthoys, Paul F. Smith, Angel Ramos de Miguel
Summary: The ongoing EU Horizon 2020 Project called BionicVEST is investigating the effects of constant electrical stimulation on patients with bilateral vestibular dysfunction. The project suggests that the stimulation can substitute for the absent neural input and improve postural stability and gait performance in these patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marialuisa Aragona, Caterina Porcino, Maria Cristina Guerrera, Giuseppe Montalbano, Rosaria Laura, Marzio Cometa, Maria Levanti, Francesco Abbate, Teresa Cobo, Gabriel Capitelli, Jose A. Vega, Antonino Germana
Summary: This review provides an update on the distribution and functions of the BDNF-TrkB system in the sensory organs of zebrafish, highlighting its significance in fish.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ji-Yun Park, Hyung Lee, Hyun Ah Kim
Summary: One-third of patients with acute vestibular neuritis (VN) experience more severe vertigo when lying on the affected side, which is related to positional preference, but not directly related to the intensity of spontaneous nystagmus (SN) or vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) results. The positional preference may reflect otolith damage in the sustained otolith system activation rather than the transient otolithic system.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julia A. Schwab, Mark T. Young, Stig A. Walsh, Lawrence M. Witmer, Yanina Herrera, Zena L. Timmons, Ian B. Butler, Stephen L. Brusatte
Summary: The vestibular system of the inner ear plays a crucial role in balance and equilibrium sensation, with otoliths being common but often overlooked components. Research on crocodylian species shows that otoliths continue to grow during ontogeny and play an important role in sensory detection. Further studies on the size, shape, and distribution of otoliths in tetrapods promise to provide insights into sensory abilities.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Ian S. Curthoys, John Wally Grant, Christopher J. Pastras, Laura Froehlich, Daniel J. Brown
Summary: VEMPs are important clinical tools for evaluating the function of the auditory and vestibular systems by assessing the state of the otolithic sensory regions. The responses in VEMPs may be initiated by selectively activating type I receptors, leading to fast and rapid neural responses.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zohar Elyoseph, Dario Geisinger, Roy Zaltzman, Tamar G. Hartman, Carlos R. Gordon, Matti Mintz
Summary: This study found that peripheral vestibular hypofunction is associated with the Triad of dysfunctions, namely imbalance, anxiety, and spatial disorientation. The combination of SCCs and saccular hypofunction seems to contribute to the emergence of the Triad of symptoms.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jae-Hwan Choi, Eun Hye Oh, Seo Young Choi, Hyo Jung Kim, Seon Kyung Lee, Jeong Yoon Choi, Ji-Soo Kim, Kwang-Dong Choi
Summary: This study found that patients with EA2 commonly exhibit vestibular impairments during interictal periods, including abnormal VOR responses to high-acceleration, high-frequency head impulses (88%) and impaired visual-vestibular interaction (58%). These findings suggest that there are widespread vestibular issues in EA2 patients, even during interictal periods.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Tianwen Chen, Jun Huang, Yue Yu, Xuehui Tang, Chunming Zhang, Youguo Xu, Alberto Arteaga, Jerome Allison, William Mustain, Matthew C. Donald, Tracy Rappai, Michael Zhang, Wu Zhou, Hong Zhu
Summary: Sound stimuli not only activate otolith afferents but also canal afferents, demonstrating contributions of canals to vestibular evoked myogenic potentials. Neural mechanisms underlying VEMPs were further examined by studying sound responses of vestibular nucleus neurons and abducens neurons. The convergent canal and otolith inputs in VOR pathways were characterized by specific tuning curves of sound-sensitive neurons, which also resulted in defined eye movements measurable by eye tracking devices for testing vestibular function.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jiali Shen, Xiaobao Ma, Qing Zhang, Jianyong Chen, Lu Wang, Wei Wang, Kuan He, Jin Sun, Qin Zhang, Xiangping Chen, Maoli Duan, Yulian Jin, Jun Yang
Summary: This study aims to investigate the functional status of the vestibular otolith and conductive pathway in patients with unilateral ISSNHL and analyze the correlations between VEMPs and hearing improvement after treatment. The results showed a higher abnormal rate of VEMPs in affected ears, and the normal VEMPs group had the highest rate of good recovery. Abnormalities in ACS-oVEMP and/or GVS-oVEMP were indicators of a poor prognosis.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ruijie Wang, Jianfen Luo, Xiuhua Chao, Haibo Wang, Zhaomin Fan, Lei Xu
Summary: This study investigates changes in vestibular function in recipients after minimally invasive cochlear implantation (CI) surgery. The results show higher failure rates in vestibular function tests at 1, 3, and 9 months post-operatively, but no significant differences at 6 and 12 months. This study is important for assessing the impact of surgery on vestibular function and improving surgical techniques.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Christopher G. Clinard, Kerri J. Lawlor, Andrew P. Thorne, Erin G. Piker
Summary: Steady-state VEMPs were elicited using long-duration sounds, allowing the measurement of nonlinear distortion products consistent with nonlinear processing in vestibular hair cells. This new approach helps to better understand the connection between otolith organs and balance function.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kaili Lin, Stephen Cho-Wing Sze, Bin Liu, Zhang Zhang, Zhu Zhang, Peili Zhu, Ying Wang, Qiudi Deng, Ken Kin-Lam Yung, Shiqing Zhang
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. Enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis through compounds like 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) and oleanolic acid (OA) found in ginseng can alleviate cognitive deficits in animal models by activating the Wnt/GSK3 beta/beta-catenin pathway.
JOURNAL OF GINSENG RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Beixi Jia, Meng Gao, Xiaorui Zhang, Xiang Xiao, Shiqing Zhang, Ken Kin Lam Yung
Summary: During 1998-2015, India experienced a 2.7% annual increase in PM2.5-attributable deaths and YLL, with the most severe air pollution issues concentrated in North India. Aggressive control measures are needed in this region, particularly due to the rapid growth of lung cancer deaths associated with increasing ambient PM2.5 levels.
Article
Neurosciences
Lei Han, Kenneth Lap-Kei Wu, Pui-Yi Kwan, Oscar Wing-Ho Chua, Daisy Kwok-Yan Shum, Ying-Shing Chan
Summary: Chemogenetic activation of 5-HT neurons projecting to the medial vestibular nucleus led to deficits in vestibular-related tasks in rats. The effects were mediated by the 5-HT1A receptor and were attenuated through a presynaptic mechanism in the vestibular nucleus. These results highlight the role of the 5-HT1A receptor as a gain controller in vestibular-related brainstem circuits for posture and balance.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Beixi Jia, Yuxuan Wang, Chuanhui Wang, Qianqian Zhang, Meng Gao, Ken Kin Lam Yung
Summary: This study found that regardless of emission levels, cities are most sensitive to PM2.5 concentrations under bad meteorological conditions, with emission reduction measures being most effective in controlling PM2.5 in high-emission cities under these conditions.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pengfei Fu, Ken Kin Lam Yung
Summary: The commentary authors suggested removing a reference from the meta-analysis, but the new analysis without the mentioned study showed stable results. The response was made to clarify potential confusion.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Junjun Liu, Lin Yang, Ping Qin, Shiqing Zhang, Ken Kin Lam Yung, Zhifeng Huang
Summary: Inorganic nanoparticles are a versatile platform for biomedical applications, particularly in the study and application of chiral effects. Recent research focuses on characterizing 3D stereochirality, bionic fabrication of hierarchical chirality, studying optical activities, and experimental demonstration in biomedical applications. These studies pave the way for fully understanding and utilizing chiral effects in the design and fabrication of inorganic chiral nanoparticles for practical problem-solving in environment and public health.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Songzhe He, Fushun Wang, Ken Kin Lam Yung, Shiqing Zhang, Shaogang Qu
Summary: This review summarizes the structure, physiological function, and effects of post-translational modifications on alpha-syn aggregation, which may elucidate mechanisms for Parkinson's disease pathogenesis and lay a theoretical foundation for clinical treatment.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shawn Zheng Kai Tan, Chi Him Poon, Ying-Shing Chan, Lee Wei Lim
Summary: The study identified the critical time point during memory consolidation stage to disrupt fear memory via prelimbic cortex deep brain stimulation. The disruption was partially modulated by the inactivation of the ventral hippocampus and the transient changes in ventral hippocampus dopamine (D-2) receptors expression upon prelimbic cortex deep brain stimulation. Wide-scale changes of various neurotransmitters and their metabolites in ventral hippocampus were also observed, confirming its important role in response to prelimbic cortex deep brain stimulation.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiao-yan Wu, Jin-yan Lv, Shi-qing Zhang, Xin Yi, Zi-wei Xu, Yuan-xing Zhi, Bo-xin Zhao, Jian-xin Pang, Ken Kin Lam Yung, Shu-wen Liu, Ping-zheng Zhou
Summary: The study identified ML365 as a potent inhibitor targeting the TWIK2 channel, which effectively suppressed ATP-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation without affecting other inflammasomes. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed good oral bioavailability of ML365, highlighting its potential application in treating related inflammatory diseases.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Yat-Ping Tsui, Guy Lam, Kenneth Lap-Kei Wu, Maximilian Tak-Sui Li, Kin-Wai Tam, Daisy Kwok-Yan Shum, Ying-Shing Chan
Summary: A two-step protocol was developed to derive highly enriched populations of oligodendrocyte precursors (OPs) from bone marrow stromal cells of young adult rats (aMSCs). These OPs were capable of forming compact myelin both in vitro and in vivo, showing promising potential for cell therapy in myelin disorders.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wing Shan Yu, Luca Aquili, Kah Hui Wong, Amy Cheuk Yin Lo, Leanne Lai Hang Chan, Ying-Shing Chan, Lee Wei Lim
Summary: Noninvasive visual stimulation is a novel concept that may be applicable for treating dementia. This study found that transcorneal electrical stimulation (TES) improved memory performance in aged mice and a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease, and reduced plaque deposition in the hippocampus of male 5XFAD mice. The findings suggest that TES shows promise as a potential treatment for cognitive dysfunction.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Mohieldin Youssef, Hiro Taiyo Hamada, Esther Suk King Lai, Yuji Kiyama, Mohamed El-Tabbal, Hiroshi Kiyonari, Kohei Nakano, Bernd Kuhn, Tadashi Yamamoto
Summary: Stress affects behavior and involves critical dynamic changes at multiple levels, including molecular pathways, neural circuits, and behavior. This study investigates the role of TOB in psychological stress machinery, revealing its impact at the molecular, neural circuit, and behavioral levels.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Suk-King Lai, Kenneth Lap Kei Wu, Chun-Wai Ma, Ka-Pak Ng, Xiao-qian Hu, Kin-Wai Tam, Wing-Ho Yung, Yu Tian Wang, Tak Pan Wong, Daisy Kwok-Yan Shum, Ying-Shing Chan
Summary: Vestibular information processing involves the VN, cerebellum, and thalamus, and is important for various brain functions. The timely activation of glutamatergic circuits in the VN is critical for maturation and consolidation of the vestibular circuits. Delayed activation of neonatal VN neurons leads to deficits in motor coordination and spatial navigation.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Kin-Wai Tam, Cheuk-Yin Wong, Kenneth Lap-Kei Wu, Guy Lam, Xiaotong Liang, Wai-Ting Wong, Maximilian Tak-Sui Li, Wing-Yui Liu, Sa Cai, Graham Ka-Hon Shea, Daisy Kwok-Yan Shum, Ying-Shing Chan
Summary: The in vitro derivation of Schwann cells from human bone marrow stromal cells offers a potential therapy for neural regeneration. In experiments with rats, Schwann-cell-like cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived sensory neurons were used to bridge nerve injuries. This approach resulted in significant improvement in motor function and myelinated axons in both peripheral and central nervous systems.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Chun-Wai Ma, Pui-Sum Cheng, Ying-Shing Chan, George Lim Tipoe
Summary: The usefulness of virtual reality (VR) technology in physiology education is explored in this study. Results show that implementation of VR learning environments improves the quality of physiology education by promoting active learning. Students perceive VR as stimulating their curiosity, providing diverse learning formats, facilitating thought-provoking dialogue, and enhancing peer interaction.
ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION
(2023)
