Article
Virology
Sebastien Lhomme, Sebastien Magne, Sylvie Perelle, Emmanuelle Vaissiere, Florence Abravanel, Laetitia Trelon, Catherine Hennechart-Collette, Audrey Fraisse, Sandra Martin-Latil, Jacques Izopet, Julie Figoni, Guillaume Spaccaferri
Summary: The identification of seven cases of hepatitis E virus infection in a French rural hamlet in April 2015 led to investigations confirming the clustering and identifying the source of the infection. Laboratories and general practitioners in the area actively searched for other cases based on RT-PCR and serological tests. Phylogenetic analyses were performed to compare HEV sequences. No other cases were found.
During the investigation, it was discovered that all the patients drank water from the public network, but a break in the water supply to the hamlet occurred at the time the infection probably occurred. HEV RNA was also detected in a private water source that was connected to the public water network. The turbid water flowing from the taps during the break suggested contamination from the private water supply.
Article
Microbiology
Jacinta O'Keefe, Lilly Tracy, Lilly Yuen, Sara Bonanzinga, Xin Li, Brian Chong, Suellen Nicholson, Kathy Jackson
Summary: This study is the first to describe HEV isolates in Australia, indicating that HEV may be acquired during overseas travel or locally through consumption of pork. Phylogenetic analysis also revealed clusters of infection originating from India and Pakistan.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biology
Altaira D. Dearborn, Ashish Kumar, Joseph Marcotrigiano
Summary: A domain in the ORF1 polyprotein of the hepatitis E virus, previously believed to be a protease, is actually a zinc-binding domain.
Article
Immunology
Lu Zhang, Xiaohao Wang, Jing Zhang, Zhongrong Wang, Dachuan Cai
Summary: We report a rare case of co-infection with hepatitis E viruses, Clonorchis sinensis, and Escherichia coli. The patient was hospitalized due to fatigue, jaundice, and nausea. Laboratory tests confirmed the presence of hepatitis E virus, Clonorchis sinensis, and Escherichia coli. Treatment with praziquantel, imipenem, and hepatoprotective drugs was effective in relieving the clinical symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bacary Djilocalisse Sadio, Martin Faye, Marco Kaiser, Maryam Diarra, Fanny Balique, Cheikh Tidiane Diagne, Oumar Faye, Moussa Moise Diagne, Gamou Fall, Oumar Ndiaye, Cheikh Loucoubar, Abdourahmane Sow, Ousmane Faye, Adama Faye, Cheikh Saad Bouh Boye, Amadou Alpha Sall
Summary: The rapid proliferation of traditional gold mining sites in the Kedougou region has led to a Hepatitis E virus outbreak. The study found a high rate of HEV infection among suspected cases, with a case fatality rate in pregnant women. Further research is needed to identify the virus reservoir and environmental risk factors.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Delphine Parraud, Sebastien Lhomme, Jean Marie Peron, Isabelle Da Silva, Suzanne Tavitian, Nassim Kamar, Jacques Izopet, Florence Abravanel
Summary: Despite a high seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG in immunocompromised patients in South-Western France, HEV-C virus did not circulate in the human population in this region.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Thomas Burkard, Nora Proske, Kathrin Resner, Laura Collignon, Leonard Knegendorf, Martina Friesland, Lieven Verhoye, Ibrahim M. Sayed, Yannick Bruggemann, Maximilian K. Nocke, Patrick Behrendt, Heiner Wedemeyer, Philip Meuleman, Daniel Todt, Eike Steinmann
Summary: This study found direct interference between HCV and HEV in human hepatocytes and humanized mice. The protease activity of HCV was found to be linked to this interference. In vivo experiments confirmed that super-infection reduced the replication of both viruses in individual mice.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Sergio Santos-Silva, Mahima Hemnani, Pedro Lopez-Lopez, Helena M. R. Goncalves, Antonio Rivero-Juarez, Wim H. M. van der Poel, Maria Sao Jose Nascimento, Joao R. Mesquita
Summary: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute hepatitis and is becoming an emerging public health problem worldwide. There is a potential risk of camel-borne zoonotic HEV infection in the desert regions of the Middle East and Africa, where camels frequently interact with human populations and camel-derived food products are consumed. This review provides a scientific understanding of HEV genotypes seven and eight in camels globally, highlighting the need for further studies to determine the prevalence of HEV infection in camels and the risk of foodborne transmission through contaminated camel products.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Alfredo P. Martinez, Matias J. Pereson, Paula S. Perez, Maria Ines Baeck, Pablo Mando, Ignacio Lopez Saubidet, Federico A. Di Lello
Summary: The study aimed to assess the prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in a young population from Northeast Argentina. It found a surprisingly low prevalence of HEV in children from rural areas of Chaco Province, which may be unrelated to the lack of clean drinking water in the region.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Robert LeDesma, Brigitte Heller, Abhishek Biswas, Stephanie Maya, Stefania Gili, John Higgins, Alexander Ploss
Summary: This study reveals that the multifunctional protein ORF1 of Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is crucial for genome replication and is not regulated by proteolytic processing. The essential role of six cysteines in the pPCP domain in viral replication is associated with the coordination of divalent metal ions. Moreover, the pPCP domain can only rescue viral genome replication when expressed in the context of the full-length ORF1 protein.
Article
Immunology
Florence Abravanel, Florence Nicot, Sebastien Lhomme, Michele Cazabat, Thomas Drumel, Aurelie Velay, Justine Latour, Julie Belliere, Pascal Cintas, Nassim Kamar, Jacques Izopet
Summary: In this study, HEV quasispecies in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of five patients with neurological symptoms were investigated. There was no virus compartmentalization in the acute-phase patients, but evidence of HEV quasispecies compartmentalization was found in the CSF of patients with chronic infection.
Article
Virology
Aron Balazs Ulbert, Matyas Bhurka, Anett Magyari, Zita Turi, Edit Hajdu, Katalin Burian, Gabriella Terhes
Summary: In this study, the epidemiological features of HEV infections among patients in various departments of a university hospital in Hungary were determined. The study found a high seroprevalence of HEV IgG antibodies in adult and elderly patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Siddharth Sridhar, Cyril Chik-Yan Yip, Kelvin Hon-Yin Lo, Shusheng Wu, Jianwen Situ, Nicholas Foo-Siong Chew, Kit-Hang Leung, Helen Shuk-Ying Chan, Sally Cheuk-Ying Wong, Anthony Wai-Shing Leung, Cindy Wing-Sze Tse, Kitty S. C. Fung, Owen Tak-Yin Tsang, Kam-Lun Hon, Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng, Ken Ho-Leung Ng, Kwok-Yung Yuen
Summary: This study investigated human HEV-C1 infections detected in Hong Kong, with a focus on outcomes in immunocompromised individuals. The findings showed that immunocompromised HEV-C1-infected patients frequently progress to persistent HEV-C1 infection, for which ribavirin is a suitable treatment option.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Y. Mandelia, G. W. Procop, S. S. Richter, S. Worley, W. Liu, F. Esper
Summary: This study evaluated the dynamics of respiratory viral co-infections in children and adults, finding that co-infections are more common in children, especially those under the age of 5. Specific pairings of viral pathogens occurred at altered rates compared to predictions, suggesting potential direct or indirect interactions between specific viruses.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Daniela Lenggenhager, Samuel Pawel, Hanna Honcharova-Biletska, Katja Evert, Juergen J. Wenzel, Matteo Montani, Eva Furrer, Montserrat Fraga, Darius Moradpour, Christine Sempoux, Achim Weber
Summary: Infection with the hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute hepatitis globally. A systematic analysis of hepatitis E histology revealed different histopathologic patterns and clusters based on immune status and pre-existing liver disease. The study suggests that histopathologic changes are associated with these factors, improving patient management and clinical diagnosis of hepatitis E.
Article
Virology
Philippe Colson, Philippe Gautret, Jeremy Delerce, Herve Chaudet, Pierre Pontarotti, Patrick Forterre, Raphael Tola, Marielle Bedotto, Lea Delorme, Wahiba Bader, Anthony Levasseur, Jean-Christophe Lagier, Matthieu Million, Nouara Yahi, Jacques Fantini, Bernard La Scola, Pierre-Edouard Fournier, Didier Raoult
Summary: This study investigated the dynamics of the French variant Marseille-4 of SARS-CoV-2 over a 10-month period, identifying two subvariants and analyzing their mutations and lifetimes. The findings suggest that beneficial mutations can initiate new outbreaks, while the accumulation of other mutations can result in the disappearance of lineages.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Nathalie Wurtz, Maelle Boussier, Louis Souville, Gwilherm Penant, Alexandre Lacoste, Philippe Colson, Bernard La Scola, Sarah Aherfi
Summary: This study aimed to find a simple method for detecting and monitoring SARS-CoV-2 variants in wastewater. Through evaluation and comparison of sample preservation strategies and concentration methods, an optimal protocol was identified. This protocol was successfully applied to monitor the emergence of the Omicron variant in wastewater samples from Marseille, France.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lise Cuzin, Philippe Flandre, Clotilde Allavena, Romain Palich, Claudine Duvivier, Agathe Becker, Helene Laroche, Pascal Pugliese, Andre Cabie, Dat'AIDS Study Grp
Summary: This study analyzed the occurrence of virological failure (VF) in patients starting ART with an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-based regimen in recent years and its relationship with previous episodes of low-level viral load (LLVL). The results showed that LLVL was associated with VF, and even in the absence of subsequent failure, LLV episodes have a cost. Therefore, any viral load value above 50 copies/mL should lead to enhanced adherence counseling.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Anna Julienne Selbe Ndiaye, Mamadou Beye, Gora Lo, Idir Kacel, Aissatou Sow, Nafissatou Leye, Abdou Padane, Aminata Mboup, Halimatou Diop-Ndiaye, Cheikh Sokhna, Coumba Toure Kane, Philippe Colson, Florence Fenollar, Souleymane Mboup, Pierre-Edouard Fournier
Summary: We used whole genome sequencing to analyze mutations in SARS-CoV-2 during the deadliest wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in Senegal. A total of 291 genotypable consensus genome sequences were obtained, revealing diversification and the presence of a Senegalese strain belonging to the P.1.14 sublineage of the Brazilian P.1 lineage. This study highlights the significant genomic variations of SARS-CoV-2 in Senegal.
Article
Microbiology
Valerie Moal, Margaux Valade, Celine Boschi, Thomas Robert, Nicolas Orain, Audrey Bancod, Sophie Edouard, Philippe Colson, Bernard La Scola
Summary: Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are at high risk of severe COVID-19 and additional booster vaccinations or passive immunization are recommended to improve their protection. The study found that a significant proportion of vaccinated KTRs had poor neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants, with only 46% able to neutralize all five variants. Cross-neutralization was observed against Delta and Omicron variants in the majority of serum samples.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Nasserdine Papa Mze, Idir Kacel, Mamadou Beye, Raphael Tola, Mariema Sarr, Leonardo Basco, Herve Bogreau, Philippe Colson, Pierre-Edouard Fournier
Summary: A rapid and cost-effective sequencing protocol is proposed to validate its reliability by comparing the SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences obtained using the modified Illumina COVIDSeq protocol with the standard protocol. The modified protocol saves time and costs, providing high-quality results comparable to the standard protocol.
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Hubert Bassene, Masse Sambou, Marielle Bedetto, Philippe Colson, Oleg Mediannikov, Ndiaw Goumballa, Georges Diatta, Philippe Gautret, Florence Fenollar, Cheikh Sokhna
NEW MICROBES AND NEW INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Lise Cuzin, Adeline Morisot, Clotilde Allavena, France Lert, Pascal Pugliese
Summary: The study found significant reductions in transition time through the cascade of care, contributing to a shorter transmission period after each new infection. However, delayed diagnosis remains the primary obstacle to ending AIDS in the next decade.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Letter
Virology
Nhu Ngoc Nguyen, Linda Houhamdi, Line Meddeb, Philippe Colson, Philippe Gautret
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Coline Mortier, Herve Tissot-Dupont, Florian Cardona, Christiane Bruel, Salima Lahouel, Hanane Lasri, Karim Bendamardji, Celine Boschi, Philippe Parola, Matthieu Million, Philippe Colson, Philippe Brouqui, Bernard La Scola, Jean-Christophe Lagier, Nadim Cassir
Summary: In the current global outbreak of mpox, the clinical presentation is poorly specific and reinforces the importance of microbiological confirmation. Symptomatic patients who test negative for the virus should undergo a broad differential diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Virology
Philippe Colson, Bernard La Scola, Mamadou Beye, Jeremy Delerce, Didier Raoult, Jacques Fantini
Summary: The emergence of the Omicron BA.2.86 variant with 39 additional mutations in the spike protein is a major event in the genetic evolution of SARS-CoV-2. This study provides insights into the phylogeny, mutation positions and frequencies, and structural model of the spike protein in BA.2.86.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Philippe Colson, Jeremy Delerce, Jacques Fantini, Pierre Pontarotti, Bernard La Scola, Didier Raoult
Summary: By studying the distribution of stop codons in ORF8 of XBB.1.5 and non-XBB.1.5 genomes, it was found that stop codons played a significant role in the evolutionary success during the pandemic. This association of gene loss with evolutionary success is an important yet unknown biological phenomenon in virology.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Philippe Charlier, Anais Augias, Raphael Weil, Francoise Bouchet, Joel Poupon, Maria Speranta Popescu, Philippe Decloquement, Said Azza, Emmanouil Angelakis, Pascale Richardin, Philippe Colson, Gregory Dubourg, Matthieu Million, Didier Raoult
Summary: Analysis of the relics of King Saint-Louis suggests that he may have died from scurvy and inflammatory jaw disease, with infection by oral commensals potentially being the main cause of the illness.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Lucille Claire De Maria, Philippe Colson, Aurelie Morand, Noemie Vanel, Didier Stoupan, Bernard La Scola, Celine Boschi
Summary: This article studied the epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) in university hospitals of Marseille, France, from 2020 to 2023. The results showed an atypical evolution of the RSV incidence, with a 4-month delay in the onset of the epidemic compared to previous years, and a peak in March 2021. There was a significant increase in RSV-positive cases during summer 2021, while the incidence during winter 2022 was not significantly higher compared to previous winters. The study also identified high-risk populations, including patients over 65 years old. These findings demonstrate the unpredictability of RSV infection and infectious disease epidemiology.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xuan Duong Tran, Van Thuan Hoang, Thi Thuy Duong Dang, Thi Phuong Vu, Minh Manh To, Trong Kiem Tran, Manh Dung Do, Duy Cuong Nguyen, Quoc Tien Nguyen, Philippe Colson, Philippe Parola, Pierre Marty, Philippe Gautret
Summary: This study investigated the causes of acute undifferentiated fever (AUF) in children under five in Vietnam. Real-time PCR testing of blood samples revealed that 53.9% of children were positive for at least one pathogen. During hospitalization, children presented with various symptoms including respiratory tract infections, hand, foot and mouth disease, chickenpox, central nervous system infections, and gastrointestinal infections. Ultimately, 23.1% of patients were diagnosed with AUF.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH
(2023)