Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis using a bone substitute with or without a resorbable membrane: a 5-year follow-up

AimTo compare two regenerative surgical treatments for peri-implantitis over 5years. Material & MethodsTwenty-five individuals with peri-implantitis remained at study endpoint. They were treated with a bone substitute and a resorbable membrane (13 individuals with 23 implants) [Group 1], or with bone substitute alone (12 individuals with 22 implants) [Group 2]. All study individuals were kept on a strict maintenance programme every third month. ResultsFive-year follow-up demonstrated clinical and radiographic improvements in both groups. No implants were lost due to progression of peri-implantitis. Probing depths were reduced by 3.02.4mm in Group 1, and 3.3 +/- 2.09mm in Group 2 (NS). In both groups, radiographic evidence of bone gain was significant (p<0.001). At year 5, the average defect fill was 1.3mm (SD +/- 1.4mm) in Group 1 and 1.1mm (SD +/- 1.2mm) in Group 2 (mean diff; 0.4 95% CI -0.3, 1.2, p=0.24). Bleeding on probing decreased in both groups. Baseline and year 5 plaque scores did not differ between groups and was reduced from 50% to 15%. ConclusionBoth procedures resulted in stable conditions. Additional use of a membrane does not improve the outcome.