Article
Plant Sciences
Yang Hu, Zhiwu Zhang
Summary: The software package GridFree utilizes unsupervised machine learning to segment kernels from images, reducing errors in counting seeds and improving analysis accuracy. It provides a user-friendly interface for visualizing outcomes and making decisions efficiently.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Laura Jahn, Gertraud Schuepbach-Regula, Heiko Nathues, Alexander Grahofer
Summary: Vitamin D improves the reproductive performance in sows, increasing the number of born piglets and reducing the farrowing duration. However, more research is needed to better understand the detailed mechanism of 1,25-vitD.
Review
Plant Sciences
Xuan Zhou, Dongfa Wang, Yawen Mao, Yueqiong Zhou, Limei Zhao, Chunbao Zhang, Yu Liu, Jianghua Chen
Summary: This article emphasizes the importance of soybean as a valuable source of protein and oil for human and livestock consumption. It explains the process of soybean domestication and the significant changes in morphology and organ size. The article also summarizes the functional genes related to yield traits and organ size in soybean and discusses the application of gene editing and challenges in soybean breeding.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Esther lvarez-Silvares, Tania Fernandez-Cruz, Monica Bermudez-Gonzalez, Paula Rubio-Cid, Agostinho Almeida, Edgar Pinto, Teresa Seoane-Pillado, Elena Martinez-Carballo
Summary: Placental development plays a crucial role in the progression of pregnancy, and exposure to environmental toxicants, including metals, can have an impact on placenta and subsequently affect pregnancy outcomes. This study investigates the correlation between placental levels of 14 essential and non-essential elements and neonatal weight. The findings suggest that certain metal concentrations in the placenta may influence fetal growth, with cobalt and strontium associated with higher newborn weight, while lithium, molybdenum, and selenium associated with lower newborn weight.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Raja Azhar Ashraaf Khan, Xian Chen, Hang-Kai Qi, Jian-Hua Huang, Meng-Bo Luo
Summary: The loading of nanoparticles has a significant impact on the glass transition temperature of polymer nanocomposites. The changes in T-g with varying volume fractions of nanoparticles reveal a novel shift, indicating a competition between nanoparticle attraction and fast diffusion in regulating T-g. Additionally, the diffusion of the polymer above T-g also shows a similar trend with the variation of T-g with nanoparticle volume fraction.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maimaitiminjiang Wulayin, Zhenghong Zhu, Huailin Wang, Xin Chen, Xiaoxin Zhang, Tarik Benmarhnia, Jiajun Luo, Qianhong Liang, Weiyi Chen, Hualiang Lin, Yuewei Liu, Chunxiang Shi, Ruijun Xu, Cunrui Huang, Qiong Wang
Summary: Studies have shown that exposure to low and high temperatures during pregnancy has negative effects on fetal development. The placenta, which plays a crucial role in fetal development, may also be affected by suboptimal temperatures. However, it is unclear whether the placenta mediates the association between suboptimal temperature and birth weight.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Fabian Z. X. Lean, Ana Gomez Vitores, Scott M. Reid, Ashley C. Banyard, Ian H. Brown, Alejandro Nunez, Rowena D. E. Hansen
Summary: Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus has re-emerged in the UK and continues to have a global impact. This study investigates the pathological features of the virus in poultry and wild birds, identifying pancreatic and splenic necrosis as common findings.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mathilde Josserand, Emma Meeussen, Asifa Majid, Dan Dediu
Summary: The presence of specific terms for blue in different languages is influenced by factors such as UV incidence and cultural complexity. Moreover, UV incidence may have a negative impact on abnormal red-green color perception.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Jasna Metovic, Enrico C. Falco, Elena Vissio, Federica Santoro, Luisa Delsedime, Federica Massa, Alessandra Pittaro, Simona Osella-Abate, Paola Cassoni, Marco Volante, Luisella Righi, Mauro Papotti
Summary: The study investigated the impact of gross sampling procedures on causing Spread Through Air Spaces (STAS) in lung cancer cases. The findings showed that STAS distribution was not affected by the cutting process, indicating it is not an artifact caused by pathologists during specimen handling, but a phenomenon preexisting to surgical tissue processing.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Taebeum Ryu, Jaehyun Park, Olga Vl. Bitkina
Summary: The perceived weight of an object is influenced by its size, color, material, and shape. This study investigated the difference in perceived weight according to shape and found that shape also affects the perceived weight of an object. This research has implications for rehabilitation therapy and early childhood development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Setareh Akhavan, Sedigheh Borna, Alireza Abdollahi, Mamak Shariat, Narges Zamani
Summary: This study investigated the frequency of placental pathologies in patients at a tertiary hospital. The majority of examined placentas were normal, with only a small percentage showing abnormalities, with infarct and chorioamnionitis being the most common pathologies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Caitlin R. Sacha, Roisin M. Mortimer, Kaitlyn James, Amy L. Harris, John Yeh, Thomas L. Toth, Irene Souter, Drucilla J. Roberts
Summary: This study compared placental pathology between term singleton live births conceived with fresh embryo transfer and those conceived without assisted reproductive technology (ART). The study found a higher incidence of placental pathology in the ART group, particularly anatomic and vascular pathology. Additionally, significantly increased anatomic and vascular pathology were observed in ICSI pregnancies. Prospective studies with larger cohorts of patients are needed to further investigate these findings.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Jiaqi J. O'Reilly, Stephanie Barak, Anna A. Penn
Summary: By establishing a searchable database and validating molecular methods, successful identification of placenta during pregnancy and research on its gene expression, such as sufficient RNA quality for downstream applications.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Cong Cong, Sidong Liu, Antonio Di Ieva, Maurice Pagnucco, Shlomo Berkovsky, Yang Song
Summary: Deep learning has been effective in histopathology image analysis, but stain colour variation poses challenges. Existing stain normalisation methods either use paired or unpaired images for training, suffering from domain discrepancies or risk of undertrained/overfitted models. This paper proposes a colour adaptive generative network (CAGAN) that combines supervised and unsupervised learning, introducing extra supervision with source domain images. The model is resistant to stain colour variations and uses histogram loss to ensure target domain colours. Experimental results show that the proposed method produces high-quality stain normalised images and improves benchmark algorithms by 5% to 10%.
MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Nadia M. Ikumi, Komala Pillay, Tamara Tilburgs, Thokozile R. Malaba, Sonwabile Dzanibe, Elizabeth Ann L. Enninga, Rana Chakraborty, Mohammed Lamorde, Landon Myer, Saye Khoo, Heather B. Jaspan, Clive M. Gray
Summary: The study found T-cell imbalances in the placenta of HIV-infected pregnant women who initiated ART late in pregnancy, which were related to the blood circulation status of the mother. This may be a causal link to immune changes in newborn infants.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
