Review
Oncology
Michail Papapanou, Anastasios E. Athanasopoulos, Eleni Georgiadi, Stefanos A. Maragkos, Michalis Liontos, Dimitrios C. Ziogas, Dimitrios Damaskos, Dimitrios Schizas
Summary: A systematic review was conducted to recognize specific characteristics and parameters related to a worse prognosis in adult patients with solid tumors experiencing spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome (STLS). Metastatic disease, especially in the liver or lungs, was significantly associated with STLS-related death. The use of urate-lowering agents, specifically rasburicase monotherapy, was linked to a higher probability of death. Careful surveillance of high-risk cases is crucial for predicting morbidity and mortality.
Review
Oncology
Ewa Zalewska, Lukasz Obolonczyk, Krzysztof Sworczak
Summary: This paper presents a case of paraneoplastic hypereosinophilia associated with renal cell carcinoma and reviews reported cases of hypereosinophilia in solid tumors. The patient died 6 months after tumor surgery, indicating that hypereosinophilia following tumor resection may indicate a poor prognosis and rapid disease progression.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriela Lupusoru, Ioana Ailincai, Georgiana Fratila, Oana Ungureanu, Andreea Andronesi, Mircea Lupusoru, Mihaela Banu, Ileana Vacaroiu, Constantin Dina, Ioanel Sinescu
Summary: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a common cause of acute kidney injury in cancer patients. Identifying at-risk patients and preventive treatment are essential. TLS can occur spontaneously or be triggered by anti-tumor therapies, leading to electrolyte and metabolic disturbances with potential life-threatening consequences.
Review
Immunology
Kai Zhang, Hong Chen, Fuqiang Li, Sheng Huang, Fei Chen, Yi Li
Summary: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells therapy has shown success in hematological malignancies but faces challenges in solid tumors due to lack of suitable target antigens, limited trafficking and survival in the tumor microenvironment, and potential toxicities. This review explores the development of CARs, clinical trials in solid tumors, and strategies to improve target specificity and minimize off-target effects. Additionally, innovations in engineering CARs to overcome inhibitory signaling and enhance CAR T cell functions in the complex tumor microenvironment are discussed.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Seung-Jin Kim, Dipendra Khadka, Jae Ho Seo
Summary: This article discusses the process of tumors adapting to adverse environments through communication with neighboring cells. Understanding the physiology of these tumors and their interaction with the tumor environment can help in developing promising tumor treatment strategies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Fatimah Rababah, Taqwa Alabduh, AlHareth Awawdeh, Tareq Shatnawi, Maha AL-shdaifat, Elana Ibdah, Shatha Shatnawi, Yahia AbuZetun, Ahmed Mohamed Helaly, Doaa S. S. Ghorab
Summary: CAR-T therapy is an ACT therapy that uses CAR to enable T cells to recognize tumor antigens in a HLA-independent manner and destroy tumors. However, there are limitations such as antigen escape and the diversity of the tumor microenvironment, but these can be improved by introducing multiplexing CAR-T cells and local administration.
CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Ziming Zhuang, Yangyi Lin
Summary: This case report presents the electrocardiogram findings of a patient in their 70s with symptoms of chest tightness, shortness of breath, loss of consciousness, and the duration of 5 hours and 10 minutes, respectively.
JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Liangliang Meng, Yingtian Wei, Yueyong Xiao
Summary: Chemical ablation involves injecting chemical agents directly into solid tumors to kill cells and is currently used for palliative treatment. The effectiveness of different drugs has been clinically tested, but their diffusion and concentration limit their efficacy. Immunotherapy shows potential, but low patient response rates and immune-related adverse effects restrict its clinical applications. Intratumoral immunotherapy addresses these issues, but its efficacy alone is uncertain. This study focuses on the research of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment with chemoablation and intratumoral immunotherapy, aiming to propose a new concept of intratumoral chemo-immunoablation that enhances the systemic anti-tumor immune response while reducing adverse drug effects.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Riyadh M. Alqurashi, Husam H. Tamim, Ziyad D. Alsubhi, Alyazid A. Alzahrani, Emad Tashkandi
Summary: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) in patients with solid tumors is a rare and potentially fatal condition. The outcome of treatment depends on awareness, identification of high-risk patients, and implementation of appropriate preventive measures. Interdisciplinary team management is essential to reduce mortality.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Tianmiao Ma, Bernhard W. Renz, Matthias Ilmer, Dominik Koch, Yuhui Yang, Jens Werner, Alexandr V. Bazhin
Summary: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and have been linked to poor prognosis and drug resistance in cancer. Further research is needed to fully understand the definition and phenotypes of MDSCs in humans.
Review
Immunology
Eslam E. Abd El-Fattah
Summary: Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrollable cell division and spreading into surrounding tissues. Chemotherapy is an effective treatment approach that inhibits cell proliferation and tumor multiplication. However, tumor lysis syndrome, a common complication of chemotherapy, leads to metabolic changes and inhibits AMPK, resulting in chemo-resistance mechanisms and poor response to treatment. This review aims to uncover new mechanisms underlying the metabolic consequences of tumor lysis on AMPK in the tumor microenvironment and investigate its effects on various chemo-resistance mechanisms.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonios N. Gargalionis, Kostas A. Papavassiliou, Athanasios G. Papavassiliou
Summary: Mechanical features of cancer cells play a crucial role in tumor development and progression, with mechanosensory proteins potentially mediating oncogenic signaling and response to chemotherapy. Studying changes in tumor microenvironment and matrix rigidity can offer new anti-cancer strategies.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi-Chao Zheng, Hui-Qin Kang, Bo Wang, Yuan-Zai Zhu, M. A. A. Mamun, Long-Fei Zhao, Hai-Qian Nie, Ying Liu, Li-Juan Zhao, Xiao-Nan Zhang, Mei-Mei Gao, Dan-Dan Jiang, Hong-Min Liu, Ya Gao
Summary: Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is highly expressed in various solid tumors and plays a crucial role in tumor cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, drug resistance, stemness, and immunogenicity. HDAC6-specific inhibitors have shown promising results in preclinical and clinical trials, effectively killing tumor cells and enhancing patients' immunity during solid tumor therapy. This review provides an overview of HDAC6's structure, biological functions, mechanisms, and the development of selective inhibitors for solid tumor treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yarui Ma, Jingbo Gan, Yinlei Bai, Dandan Cao, Yuchen Jiao
Summary: Minimal residual disease (MRD) refers to the small numbers of remnant tumor cells in a subset of patients with tumors. Liquid biopsy is increasingly used for the detection of MRD, highlighting its potential for accurate management of cancer patients. MRD detection, with improved performance through new techniques and algorithms, is now widely used to predict prognosis and monitor relapse, surpassing imaging methods. Rigorous investigation has made important advances in establishing MRD detection as an essential method for guiding clinical treatment.
FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Oncology
Dawei Wu, Lingfeng Hu, Xin Wang, Yue Yu, Shuo-Peng Jia, Hui-Yao Huang, Zi-Wei Li, Jin-Feng Ma, Hai-Bo Zhu, Yu Tang, Ning Li
Summary: Based on a retrospective analysis of the Trialtrove database, it was found that the clinical development of mRNA therapies against solid tumors is still in its early stages. The delivery systems have evolved from dendritic cells to lipid-based platforms, and the encoding strategies have shifted from fixed tumor antigens to personalized neoantigens. Adjuvant or maintenance therapy, as well as combination treatment with checkpoint inhibitors, are the major clinical development orientations.
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2023)