Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Gian Marco Leone, Katia Mangano, Maria Cristina Petralia, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Paolo Fagone
Summary: Due to the important role of TNF-alpha in immunoinflammatory diseases, TNF-alpha inhibitors have been successfully developed and used in the treatment of autoimmune disorders. Currently, there are five approved anti-TNF-alpha drugs and biosimilars available. This review discusses the historical development, current and potential future applications, as well as the search for biomarkers to predict responsiveness to these therapies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Chihiro Ishiwatari-Ogata, Masanao Kyuuma, Hitoshi Ogata, Machi Yamakawa, Katsuya Iwata, Motoki Ochi, Miyuki Hori, Noriyuki Miyata, Yasuyuki Fujii
Summary: In this study, we found that ozoralizumab is a promising treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, with low immunogenicity and superior efficacy in secondary failure.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shuilian Fu, Zhiting Cao, Baolian Huang, Te Yin, Chujun Huang, Zhiqian Bi, Yingying Yao, Xiaoyao Chang, Hongqin Zhuang, Zi-Chun Hua
Summary: The dysfunction of tight junctions in the nasal epithelial barrier leads to increased allergen penetration and cytokine release, causing allergic rhinitis. TNF-a inhibitors have been used for treating autoimmune diseases, but their role in AR is unclear. In this study, an anti-TNF-a nanobody (V) assembled with tannic acid (V/TA) effectively inhibited cytokine release in an AR murine model. V/TA treatment restored infiltration of inflammatory cells, mucus-secreting cells, and mast cells to normal levels. The therapeutic effect was associated with reduced levels of TJ molecules and enhanced by tannic acid, without observed toxicity. This study offers a promising delivery strategy for treating complicated allergic rhinitis with superior epithelial barrier restoration compared to the commercial drug Infliximab.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xinmei Liao, Hui Liang, Jian Pan, Qian Zhang, Jiaqi Niu, Cuili Xue, Jian Ni, Daxiang Cui
Summary: A high-affinity, fully human anti-TNF alpha antibody named Haidalimumab was developed in this study, showing comparable TNF alpha binding affinity to Humira. Haidalimumab effectively neutralized rhTNF alpha toxicity and exhibited significant therapeutic effects in mouse models, suggesting potential therapeutic applications in rheumatoid arthritis or other autoimmune diseases.
Article
Immunology
Masanao Kyuuma, Ayaka Kaku, Chiemi Mishima-Tsumagari, Bunichiro Ogawa, Mayumi Endo, Yunoshin Tamura, Kei-ichiro Ishikura, Masashi Mima, Yutaka Nakanishi, Yasuyuki Fujii
Summary: Biologics are widely used in the treatment of various diseases, but concerns have been raised regarding the immunogenicity and adverse events associated with large immune complexes and aggregates. This study investigated the mechanism underlying the reduced incidence of injection site reactions (ISRs) with ozoralizumab, a trivalent bispecific nanobody compound, compared to other TNF alpha inhibitors. The results showed that ozoralizumab-TNF alpha immune complexes are smaller and lack an Fc portion, mitigating immune responses on neutrophils mediated by Fc gamma receptors. Furthermore, ozoralizumab-TNF alpha immune complexes did not induce significant inflammation at injection sites. These findings suggest that ozoralizumab may be a promising candidate for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with a lower risk of unwanted immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Neven Mohamed Sarhan, Ahmed Essam Abou Warda, Haytham Soliman Ghareeb Ibrahim, Mona Farag Schaalan, Shaimaa Mohamed Fathy
Summary: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly and monoclonal antibodies, specifically tocilizumab and infliximab, have shown promise as treatments. A prospective cohort study divided patients into three groups: standard treatment, tocilizumab treatment, and tocilizumab/infliximab treatment. Results showed that the tocilizumab/infliximab group had significantly shorter hospital stays, lower need for non-invasive mechanical ventilation, decreased intensive care admissions, fewer cases of sepsis, and lower mortality rates compared to the other two groups.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kunio Asonuma, Keiji Ozeki, Hajime Yamazaki, Shinji Okabayashi, Soh Okano, Ryo Ozaki, Nobuaki Nishimata, Hiroki Kiyohara, Naoki Ichinari, Taku Kobayashi, Masahiro Yamada, Mao Matsubayashi, Yoko Yokoyama, Shoko Arimitsu, Junji Umeno, Yoshinori Munetomo, Akira Andoh, Shinichiro Shinzaki, IBD Terakoya Grp
Summary: The use of immunomodulators after discontinuing anti-TNF-alpha antibody treatment was not significantly associated with relapse in patients with UC. Careful patient follow-up is necessary when discontinuing due to side effects or in younger patients at the time of discontinuation.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi-Wen Duan, Shao-Xia Chen, Qiao-Yun Li, Ying Zang
Summary: This review focuses on the neuroimmune mechanism of neuropathic pain. TNF-alpha plays a crucial role in inducing and modulating neuropathic pain by facilitating peripheral and central sensitization. It controls cell survival and death through an inflammatory response and programmed cell death mechanisms. Overproduction of TNF-alpha in certain brain structures has an important role in pain-associated emotional disorders and memory deficits. The review also highlights the research prospects of the TNF-alpha-necroptosis pathway in pain modulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tai-Hsin Tsai, Chih-Hui Chang, Szu-Huai Lin, Yu-Feng Su, Yi-Cheng Tsai, Sheau-Fang Yang, Chih-Lung Lin
Summary: The study showed that miR-195-5p exerted a protective effect against SAH-induced vasospasm and early brain injury by modulating related proteins and signaling pathways. Further research is needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms and potential clinical applications of miR-195-5p in managing SAH-induced cerebral vasospasm and brain injury.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ahava Muskat, Megan Pirtle, Yana Kost, Beth N. McLellan, Kosaku Shinoda
Summary: Deoxycholic Acid (DCA), an FDA-approved compound for fat reduction, was initially used as a solvent before being proven to be the bioactive component of the formula. However, the mechanisms of DCA and other related compounds in fat reduction are still unclear. This review integrates various studies to propose a mechanism of fat reduction and provides direction for further research.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Larizbeth A. Romero, Takamitsu Hattori, Mohamed A. E. Ali, Gayatri Ketavarapu, Akiko Koide, Christopher Y. Park, Shohei Koide
Summary: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive form of leukemia that requires intensive chemotherapy. CD99, which is overexpressed on T-ALL cells, has been identified as a promising therapeutic target. Research has successfully developed human antibodies that selectively target and kill T-ALL cells.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kun Yu, Chengxin Yu, Liping Jiao, Kun Miao, Li Ni, Xiaoquan Rao, Ling Zhou, Chunxia Zhao
Summary: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immature and heterogeneous myeloid cells with immunosuppressive functions, and they play important roles in cancer, chronic inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune disorders. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) regulates the accumulation and activation of MDSCs. In this review, the roles of TNF-alpha in the recruitment, immunosuppressive functions, and chemotaxis of MDSCs are summarized, and the potential therapeutic effects of TNF-alpha on these cells in tumor growth and inflammatory disorders are discussed.
Article
Oncology
Sarah Chan, Nicole Belmar, Sun Ho, Bryan Rogers, Marcia Stickler, Michelle Graham, Eileen Lee, Ninian Tran, Dong Zhang, Priyanka Gupta, Mien Sho, Tracy MacDonough, Andrew Woolley, Han Kim, Hong Zhang, Wei Liu, Pingping Zheng, Zoltan Derso, Kyle Halliwill, Michele Ceccarelli, Susan Rhodes, Archana Thakur, Charles M. Forsyth, Mengli Xiong, Siu Sze Tan, Ramesh Iyer, Marc Lake, Enrico Digiammarino, Li Zhou, Lance Bigelow, Kenton Longenecker, Russell A. Judge, Cassie Liu, Max Trumble, Jonathan P. Remis, Melvin Fox, Belinda Cairns, Yoshiko Akamatsu, Diane Hollenbaugh, Fiona Harding, Hamsell M. Alvarez
Summary: This study develops a bispecific anti-PD-1-GITR-L agonist that activates T cells via a mechanism distinct from those found with individual PD-1 and GITR-L agonists and demonstrates its antitumor activity in mice and nonhuman primates.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andy Ruiz, Yadira Palacios, Irene Garcia, Leslie Chavez-Galan
Summary: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a key cytokine regulating inflammatory responses and plays a crucial role in granuloma formation during mycobacterial infections. The interactions between soluble and transmembrane TNF with their receptors influence effector mechanisms, providing insights into potential therapeutic strategies against mycobacterial infections. Understanding the structural and activation pathways of TNF and its receptors can offer valuable knowledge for developing more efficient therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Qi Tian, Yujia Guo, Shi Feng, Chengli Liu, Peibang He, Jianfeng Wang, Wenrui Han, Chen Yang, Zhan Zhang, Mingchang Li
Summary: CCR2 expression is upregulated in both mouse models and clinical patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Inhibition of CCR2 can alleviate neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis. CCR2 levels in cerebrospinal fluid are associated with a 6-month prognosis in patients.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Oday Atallah, Amr Badary, Yasser F. Almealawy, Vivek Sanker, Wireko Andrew Awuah, Toufik Abdul-Rahman, Sura N. Alrubaye, Bipin Chaurasia
Summary: This study investigates unexpected deaths resulting from primary brain tumors and analyzes the contributing variables. The findings reveal that unexpected deaths are a complex phenomenon, with headache being the most common initial symptom and meningiomas and astrocytomas being the most common lesions.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alexandra E. Quimby, Mandy K. Salmon, Christopher H. Zhao, John Y. K. Lee, Douglas C. Bigelow, Michael J. Ruckenstein, Jason A. Brant
Summary: The study found that socioeconomic factors including race, health insurance, and income have an impact on the quality of life at the time of vestibular schwannoma diagnosis. Black/African American and uninsured/self-pay patients had lower quality of life, while patients with higher income had higher quality of life.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Arosha S. Dissanayake, Kwok M. Ho, Timothy J. Phillips, Stephen Honeybul, Graeme J. Hankey
Summary: This study systematically reviews models that aim to provide patient-specific predictions of pre-treatment rebleeding risk in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. The reported discriminative performance of the models varied, and no model showed consistently low bias risk and clinical applicability in all domains. Only one model was formulated using a patient cohort that underwent contemporary, evidence-based aneurysm treatment practices, but this model lacked calibration or clinical utility.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Colin Kok Ann Teo, Yilong Zheng, Jeremy Bingyuan Lin, Hock Luen Teoh, Bernard Poon Lap Chan, Vijay Kumar Sharma, Kejia Teo, Vincent Diong Weng Nga, Tseng Tsai Yeo
Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed the clinical characteristics and outcomes after surgical revascularization for adult Moyamoya disease (MMD) in a Southeast Asian cohort. The incidence of postoperative transient ischemic attack (TIA)/stroke was 25.9%, with most cases occurring within 7 days postoperatively. Risk factors for 30-day postoperative TIA/stroke included a higher number of preoperative TIAs/strokes and indirect revascularization.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cheng-Chi Lee, Abel Po-Hao Huang, Ching-Chang Chen, Zhuo-Hao Liu, Mun-Chun Yeap, Ko-Ting Chen, Peng-Wei Hsu, Kuo-Chen Wei, Chun-Ting Chen, Yu-Chi Wang, Ting-Wei Chang, Chi-Cheng Chuang
Summary: Using a novel portable neuroendoscopic system for minimally invasive evacuation of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has shown positive outcomes in reducing hematoma volume and improving neurological function without any death or rebleeding incidents.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael M. Haglund, Bruce M. McCormack, Daniel M. Williams, Alexander C. Lemons, Erik M. Summerside
Summary: This study evaluated the long-term radiographic outcomes of patients receiving tissue-sparing posterior cervical fusion (PCF) for the treatment of pseudarthrosis. The results showed that patients achieved rates of arthrodesis similar to open PCF, with fewer postoperative complications and long-term soft tissue pain.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dong-Dong Meng, Zhe Ruan, Yong-Lan Tang, Zhao-Hua Ji, Yue Su, Tuo Xu, Bo-Zhou Cui, Da-Lin Ren, Ting Chang, Qian Yang
Summary: Depression symptom level, MG severity classification and family's monthly per capita income are independent factors related to the caregivers' disease family burden for MG patients. The daily activity burden of the family and the economic burden of the family were the heaviest among the six dimensions of the caregivers' family disease burdens.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tugba Ozudogru Celik, Umit Gorgulu, Safiye Gul Kenar, Nadide Koca, Elif Yalcin, Ipek Koymen, Evren Yasar
Summary: This study investigated the forward head posture (FHP), thoracic kyphosis, and their relationship in individuals with migraine compared to healthy controls. The results showed that patients with migraine had a greater FHP and thoracic kyphosis. This suggests that a 3-dimensional objective measurement could be a reliable tool for evaluating posture analysis in clinical practice.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jason A. Chen, Ari D. Kappel, Erickson F. Torio, David I. Bass, Abdullah Feroze, Nirav J. Patel
Summary: This report presents a case of a 63-year-old woman with a ruptured giant ICA terminus aneurysm, who underwent coil embolization followed by parent vessel sacrifice and high-flow bypass.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sandeep Kandregula, Sneha Sai Mannam, Shahbaz Saad, Saarang Patel, Visish M. Srinivasan
Summary: A 39-year-old female with a history of smoking and a family predisposition to unruptured aneurysms presented with clinical symptoms of intermittent right-sided headaches, flashes of light, and pulsatile tinnitus. Diagnostic evaluations identified a right occipital arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Treatment involved partial embolization of primary arterial feeders followed by surgical resection, resulting in a successful outcome.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ari D. Kappel, Jason A. Chen, Joshua I. Chalif, David I. Bass, Erickson F. Torio, Abdullah H. Feroze, Nirav J. Patel
Summary: A 48-year-old male with progressive congestive myelopathy underwent surgical clipping to treat a craniocervical DAVF. Intraoperatively, ICG was used to confirm the solitary inflow.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aryeh Zolin, Cenai Zhang, Hwai Ooi, Harini Sarva, Hooman Kamel, Neal S. Parikh
Summary: In people with Parkinson's disease, comorbid liver fibrosis is associated with more rapid cognitive decline across multiple domains.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)