Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jessica Comin, Alberto Cebollada, Sofia Samper
Summary: The study of tuberculosis latency is challenging due to the difficulty of isolating bacteria in the dormant state. However, in vivo approaches have been used to mimic the latency process. This study found that HIV positive patients develop recurrent tuberculosis earlier and that different clones of Mycobacterium tuberculosis exist within the same patient. Furthermore, the mutation rate remains constant throughout the period of relapse.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daira Rubio-Mendoza, Carlos Cordova-Fletes, Adrian Martinez-Melendez, Rayo P. Morfin-Otero, Hector Jesus P. Maldonado-Garza, Elvira P. Garza-Gonzalez
Summary: The transcriptomic profile of ribotypes (RT) 001 and 027 associated with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (R-CDI) and not associated with recurrent (NR)-CDI was analyzed to identify genes favoring recurrence. After comparing differentially expressed genes in biofilm and nonadherent cells, as well as between R-CDI and NR-CDI strains, four genes were found to be differentially expressed in biofilm of R-CDI strains. These genes may support biofilm formation and contribute to the recurrence of CDI, but further studies are needed for better understanding.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Meng Wang, Zifeng Deng, Yanmei Li, Yi Ma, Jufang Wang
Summary: A novel lytic protein Cw1-CWB2 with high binding specificity and strong lytic activity has been designed in this study for combating C. difficile.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Caixia Tan, Fei Zhu, Yuanyuan Xiao, Yuqi Wu, Xiujuan Meng, Sidi Liu, Ting Liu, Siyao Chen, Juan Zhou, Chunhui Li, Anhua Wu
Summary: In this study, a multi-epitope vaccine against Clostridium difficile was designed using computer methods. The vaccine was able to induce immune response against both spore and propagule forms of the pathogen. The structure of the vaccine was predicted and validated, and its interaction with immune receptors was analyzed through docking and simulation. The findings suggest that the formulated vaccine shows promise against C. difficile, but further research is needed for verification.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anna Esser, Guenter Mayer
Summary: The glmS ribozymes of C. difficile and L. monocytogenes were validated and characterized, showing unique properties such as discrimination between co-factors and activity at low temperatures, while relying on glucosamine-6-phosphate and divalent cations for cleavage reactions.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Amanda Nadia Diniz, Diogo Soares Goncalves Cruz, Carolina Pantuzza Ramos, Carlos Augusto Oliveira Junior, Isabella Caixeta Winter, Jorge Tiburcio Barbosa de Lima, Armando de Mattos Carvalho, Francisco Carlos Faria Lobato, Rodrigo Otavio Silveira Silva
Summary: Clostridioides difficile is a major pathogen causing antibiotic-related diarrhea in humans and horses, with potential transmission from animals to humans. This study in Brazil described six cases of equine CDI, with most cases developing after antimicrobial therapy and some cases co-infected with Salmonella. All animals recovered after metronidazole treatment, and the isolates showed susceptibility to metronidazole and vancomycin.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Bilal Ahmed Abbasi, Aishwarya Dharan, Astha Mishra, Devansh Saraf, Irsad Ahamad, Prashanth Suravajhala, Jayaraman Valadi
Summary: In this study, the genomes of six strains of Clostridium difficile were annotated and characterized using in silico approaches. The functional properties of proteins involved in the pathophysiology of the disease were identified, providing valuable information for understanding the biological nature of the strains and developing pharmaceutical targets.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Beibei Qiu, Bilin Tao, Qiao Liu, Zhongqi Li, Huan Song, Dan Tian, Jizhou Wu, Zhuchao Wu, Mengyao Zhan, Wei Lu, Jianming Wang
Summary: The study found that the type of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains prevalent in Eastern China is relatively single, with the Beijing family strains infection dominating local tuberculosis cases. Endogenous reactivation appears to be a major cause of recurrent tuberculosis in Eastern China.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bernd Neumann, Claudia Stuerhof, Anca Rath, Baerbel Kieninger, Elias Eger, Justus U. Mueller, Alexander von Poblocki, Nadja Gerlitz, Paul Wollschlaeger, Wulf Schneider-Brachert, Katharina Schaufler, Kathleen Klaper, Joerg Steinmann
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) in a German tertiary center and characterized them using phenotypic and molecular assays. Among 1310 K. pneumoniae isolates screened, 7.6% were string test positive, and 9 of them were defined as putative hvKp. The most common lineage carrying hvKp-plasmid was ST23. The highest rate of string test positive isolates was observed on MacConkey agar.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jessica M. Chisholm, Papanin Putsathit, Thomas V. Riley, Su-Chen Lim
Summary: This study reveals the common presence of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Western Australia, which are being released into the environment and becoming a potential source/reservoir for community-associated C. difficile infection (CA-CDI).
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Karla Cautivo-Reyes, Daniel R. Knight, Deborah Bowie, Benjamin Moreira-Grez, Andrew S. Whiteley, Thomas V. Riley
Summary: The high prevalence and diversity of Clostridium difficile in Australian soils suggest that soils play a role in the survival and dissemination of this organism, potentially contributing to its transmission among native wildlife, production animals, and in community and hospital settings.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Chenyang Cao, Wenxing Zhao, Zexun Lit, Yixin Mo, Wei Hu, Shengyuan Sun, Huabin Cheng, Jiaqi Ma, Sirui Xiong, Xiaorong Jin, Hui Yang, Li Bai, Shenghui Cui, Baowei Yang
Summary: This study conducted a systematic analysis of the microbiological quality of fresh vegetables and molecular information on foodborne pathogens in China. It found that most samples were contaminated with coliforms, Salmonella, and ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli. These isolates exhibited multidrug resistance and carried multiple antibiotic resistance genes and virulence genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Peng An Khun, Thomas V. Riley
Summary: This review provides an overview of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in southeast Asia, including its prevalence, detection methods, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, and the potential significance of a One Health approach. CDI is a common cause of hospital-acquired gastroenteritis worldwide, with higher rates observed in high-income countries. Lack of knowledge and awareness about CDI, along with antimicrobial abuse and inadequate education on appropriate usage, contribute to its evolution. Underreporting of CDI rates and misuse of antimicrobial agents pose a significant threat in regions like Indochina, while C. difficile RT 017 strain is endemic in southeast Asia.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Su-Chen Lim, Natasza M. R. Hain-Saunders, Korakrit Imwattana, Papanin Putsathit, Deirdre A. Collins, Thomas Riley
Summary: This study found a close relationship between environmental Clostridium difficile isolates and those from humans, possibly indicating an environmental transmission route. Toxigenic strains isolated from water sources were mainly of the 014/020 ribotype, with susceptibility to most antibiotics. High-resolution core-genome analysis revealed recent genetic relationships between human and water isolates.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Pilar Marcos, Aoife Doyle, Paul Whyte, Thomas R. Rogers, Maire McElroy, Seamus Fanning, Jesus Frias, Declan Bolton
Summary: The aim of this study was to characterize C. difficile isolates in Ireland in terms of ribotype and antibiotic resistance. The most common ribotype along the food chain was 078, followed by variant RT078/4. Less common and novel ribotypes were also detected. Majority of the isolates showed resistance to at least one antibiotic, with a significant proportion displaying a multi-drug resistant phenotype.
