Article
Infectious Diseases
Eman Ibrahim Ahmed, Ahmed M. Alhuwaydi, Ahmed E. Taha, Mohamed Abouelkheir
Summary: This study investigates the antifungal potentials of antidepressants REB and SER alone and in combination with antifungals FLC and ITR against Candidal biofilms. The results show that both REB and SER have inhibitory effects on biofilms of Candida albicans, Candida krusei, and Candida glabrata, with SER being more effective for C. albicans and C. glabrata, and REB being more potent for C. krusei. Additionally, synergy is observed between REB + FLC and REB + ITR against biofilm cells of C. albicans, C. krusei, and C. glabrata.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Andrea Carpino, Raffaele Buganza, Patrizia Matarazzo, Gerdi Tuli, Michele Pinon, Pier Luigi Calvo, Davide Montin, Francesco Licciardi, Luisa De Sanctis
Summary: APECED, caused by mutations in the AIRE gene, can present with a wide range of manifestations, even within the same family. Environmental and genetic factors may influence the phenotypic expression.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Inbal Halabi, Marie Noufi Barohom, Sarit Peleg, Phillippe Trougouboff, Ghadir Elias-Assad, Rhania Agbaria, Yardena Tenenbaum-Rakover
Summary: APECED is a rare monogenic disorder that involves endocrine deficiencies and non-endocrine issues. Lack of awareness of AIE among pediatricians can delay the diagnosis and treatment of patients, even though gastrointestinal manifestations are a common presenting symptom in about 10% of cases.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Ophthalmology
Lameece Moustafa Hassan, Mona M. M. Hassan, Hend Abou Shady, Dina Khedr
Summary: This article presents a case of a two-year-old child with Vogt Koyanagi Harada (VKH) associated with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy syndrome (APECED). The patient presented with impaired fixation and ocular examination revealed various abnormalities in both eyes. A diagnosis of complete VKH with APECED was made, which is extremely rare in such a young child.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Niusha Sharifinejad, Majid Zaki-Dizaji, Shafi Tebyanian, Hamed Zainaldain, Mahnaz Jamee, Fatema Sadaat Rizvi, Soheila Hosseinzadeh, Farimah Fayyaz, Haleh Hamedifar, Araz Sabzevari, Mojdeh Matloubi, Edyta Heropolitanska-Pliszka, Fatemeh Aghamahdi, Hassan Abolhassani, Gholamreza Azizi
Summary: APECED is a rare inborn immune error characterized by a triad of CMC, HP, and ADI, with HP being the most prevalent among the classic triad. In addition to the classic triad, patients may also present with a variety of non-triad involvements such as ectodermal dystrophy, infections, and gastrointestinal disorders. Certain patients show a significant positive correlation between tissue-specific autoantibodies and specific manifestations.
EXPERT REVIEW OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Mycology
Mauricio Domingues-Ferreira, Dewton de Moraes Vasconcelos, Thiago de Almeida Bezerra, Dalton Luis Bertolini, Noac Chuffi Barros, Marcos Ereno Auler
Summary: This study may present the first report of esophageal rupture in a patient with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy, who had long-term candida esophagitis as the main symptom. Strong evidence suggests that this rupture may have been caused directly and indirectly by chronic candidiasis. Therefore, the study demonstrates the severe and harmful impact of persistent esophageal candidiasis, especially in immunodeficient patients.
JOURNAL DE MYCOLOGIE MEDICALE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tatiani Karini Rensi Botelho, Leticia Jacobi Danielli, Milena Seide, Pamela Pacassa Borges, Alexandre Bella Cruz
Summary: This study investigated the species of Candida isolates from different anatomical sites and their susceptibility to antifungal drugs. It found that C. albicans was the most common pathogen, and the isolates showed decreased susceptibility to azole drugs but were sensitive to amphotericin B.
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Jefferson R. Tenorio, Marina Maues Tuma, Natalia Silva Andrade, Thalita Santana, Marina Gallottini
Summary: This study reported the oral manifestations of APS-I in a 42-year-old woman, including chronic hyperplastic candidosis and other oral problems. Appropriate medication treatment resulted in significant improvement of the lesions.
SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY
(2022)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Anna Graham, Hanieh Javidi, Melanie Stern, Helen J. Rogers
Summary: This study examines the oral health impacts of APECED and discusses its clinical significance in pediatric dental care. APECED is characterized by chronic candidal infection, autoimmune hypoparathyroidism, and Addison's disease, with frequent oral manifestations. Enhanced preventive and minimally invasive oral health care is recommended for these patients.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ORAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sarah A. Egan, Nicole L. Kavanagh, Anna C. Shore, Sarah Mollerup, Jose A. Samaniego Castruita, Brian O'Connell, Brenda A. McManus, Grainne Brennan, Mette Pinholt, Henrik Westh, David C. Coleman
Summary: This study investigated the population structure of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) in Ireland and analyzed the vanA transposon region, revealing the diversity of Irish VREfm. The isolates showed a highly polyclonal population structure, and most VREfm carried a characteristic vanA region with multiple IS1216E insertions, which may facilitate its spread.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Spectroscopy
Isha Behl, Genecy Calado, Anika Vishwakarma, Damien Traynor, Stephen Flint, Sheila Galvin, Claire M. Healy, Marina Leite Pimentel, Alison Malkin, Hugh J. Byrne, Fiona M. Lyng
Summary: Raman microspectroscopy has demonstrated potential for oral cancer diagnosis by effectively distinguishing healthy donors from patients with oral mucosal dysplastic lesions. Models based on cytopathological and histopathological assessment can help differentiate low and high grade dysplasia, potentially reducing the need for multiple biopsies.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
P. M. Kinnevey, A. Kearney, A. C. Shore, M. R. Earls, G. Brennan, T. T. Poovelikunnel, H. Humphreys, D. C. Coleman
Summary: This study investigated MSSA transmission events in a large hospital with a history of MRSA using whole-genome sequencing, identifying numerous potential transmission events involving HCWs, patients, and environmental contamination.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
E. C. Deasy, T. A. Scott, J. S. Swan, M. J. O'Donnell, D. C. Coleman
Summary: This study used contra-angle DHPs as a model to investigate the effectiveness of washer-disinfection in reducing microbial contamination of internal components of multiple DHPs. The results showed that there was an average reduction of approximately 5 log or greater in microbial colony forming units (cfu) after washer-disinfection for all DHPs under all tested conditions.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Wanjun Qi, Maikel Acosta-Zaldivar, Peter R. Flanagan, Ning-Ning Liu, Niketa Jani, Jose F. Fierro, Maria T. Andres, Gary P. Moran, Julia R. Kohler
Summary: This study investigates the role of the N-terminal HEAT repeats of the Tor1 protein in Candida albicans, showing that loss of these repeats affects stress responses and growth acceleration in certain conditions. Cells lacking this region display impaired stress responses but tolerance to other stressors, along with difficulties in utilizing favorable nutritional conditions.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Khalid Elmaghrawy, Paddy Fleming, Kirsten Fitzgerald, Sarah Cooper, Anna Dominik, Seamus Hussey, Gary P. Moran
Summary: This study examined the oral microbiome in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and identified differences in microbiome composition between IBD patients and healthy controls. The dysbiosis in the oral microbiome was associated with disease severity and was resolved following successful treatment. A predictive model of IBD was developed using machine learning methods. The findings suggest the potential diagnostic value of the oral microbiome in pediatric IBD.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eike Steinig, Izzard Aglua, Sebastian Duchene, Michael T. Meehan, Mition Yoannes, Cadhla Firth, Jan Jaworski, Jimmy Drekore, Bohu Urakoko, Harry Poka, Clive Wurr, Eri Ebos, David Nangen, Elke Mueller, Peter Mulvey, Charlene Jackson, Anita Blomfeldt, Hege Vangstein Aamot, Moses Laman, Laurens Manning, Megan Earls, David C. Coleman, Andrew Greenhill, Rebecca Ford, Marc Stegger, Muhammad Ali Syed, Bushra Jamil, Stefan Monecke, Ralf Ehricht, Simon Smith, William Pomat, Paul Horwood, Steven Y. C. Tong, Emma McBryde
Summary: Community-associated, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) lineages have emerged and disseminated in various geographically distinct regions around the world. The spread of these MRSA lineages is associated with increases in effective reproduction number (R-e) and sustained transmission. The emergence and epidemiological trajectory of community-associated MRSA lineages from different regions show common signatures of epidemic growth, particularly at the divergence of antibiotic-resistant strains.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
B. K. Aloba, P. M. Kinnevey, S. Monecke, G. I. Brennan, B. O'Connell, A. Blomfeldt, B. A. McManus, W. Schneider-Brachert, J. Tkadlec, R. Ehricht, A. Senok, M. D. Bartels, D. C. Coleman
Summary: This study investigated the international dissemination and diversity of PVL-positive CC5-MRSA-IVc isolates from hospital and community settings. The results showed that these isolates, mainly from Sri Lanka, had similar antimicrobial-resistance and virulence genes. The widespread dissemination of the Sri Lankan clone may be facilitated by the stable chromosomal retention of the PVL-encoding phage remnant, and most infections occurred in the community.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Lewis Winning, Gary Moran, Mary McClory, Ikhlas El Karim, Fionnuala T. Lundy, Christopher C. Patterson, Dermot Linden, Kathy M. Cullen, Frank Kee, Gerard J. Linden
Summary: This study investigated the association between subgingival microbial diversity and reduced respiratory function. A group of dentate men aged 58-72 in Northern Ireland underwent a periodontal examination and subgingival plaque sampling. The results showed that an increase in MDI was associated with a decrease in % predicted FEV1 after adjusting for confounders.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
L. Grealy, P. Wilson, C. Gillen, E. Duffy, M. -L. Healy, B. Daly, I. Polyzois, M. Van Harten, A. Dougall, G. I. Brennan, D. C. Coleman, B. A. McManus
Summary: pH-neutral electro-chemically generated hypochlorous acid can effectively reduce microbial bioburden in non-infected diabetic foot ulcer tissues, particularly Staphylococcus aureus.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2023)
Review
Toxicology
Gary P. Moran, Lina Zgaga, Blanaid Daly, Mairead Harding, Therese Montgomery
Summary: Fluoride is added to drinking water to prevent tooth decay, but the potential effects on neurodevelopment and endocrine dysfunction require further research. However, there is a lack of studies examining the effects of fluoridated water on the human microbiome. Animal studies suggest that fluoride exposure can disrupt the normal microbiome, but further investigation is needed for its significance in humans living in areas with fluoridated water. The use of fluoride-containing oral hygiene products may have beneficial effects on the oral microbiome regarding caries prevention.
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Sheila Galvin, Gary P. Moran, Claire M. Healy
Summary: The tongue and floor of the mouth are high-risk sites for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), while smoking is its most significant risk factor. Recently, questions have been raised about the role of the oral microbiome in OSCC due to evidence showing that the microbiome of OSCC differs from that of healthy mucosa. However, the impact of oral site and smoking on oral microbial communities and their role in OSCC and precursor lesions has not been considered.
FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Sheila Galvin, Sviatlana Anishchuk, Claire M. Healy, Gary P. Moran
Summary: This study investigates the bacterial colonisation patterns of healthy mucosa in adults and finds that smoking, tooth loss, plaque levels, and oral hygiene practices affect mucosal colonisation. The frequency of tooth brushing has a greater impact on mucosal community structure than plaque levels. Tooth loss is associated with a reduction in mucosal biodiversity.
JOURNAL OF ORAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mackenzie O'Connor, Grant Harrison, Declan Lenahan, Gary P. Moran
Summary: Human saliva contains natural antimicrobial enzymes. This study compared the antimicrobial activity of a dentifrice containing a salivary enzyme complex (SEC) with xylitol to a standard 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) dentifrice. The SEC-xylitol dentifrice showed significant reduction in bacterial viability and greater antimicrobial activity compared to CHX. The combination of SEC and xylitol generated a highly effective antimicrobial dentifrice with potential for routine use and management of gingivitis and periodontal disease.
LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)