Article
Neurosciences
Akihiro Ishii, Miki Furusho, Rashmi Bansal
Summary: Multiple intracellular signaling pathways, including Mek/ERK1/2-MAPK and PI3K/Akt/mTOR, are involved in regulating myelination in the peripheral nervous system. The roles of these pathways may differ during development and adulthood, highlighting the complexity of their interactions in Schwann cells.
Review
Neurosciences
Julia Teixeira Oliveira, Christopher Yanick, Nicolas Wein, Cintia Elisabeth Gomez Limia
Summary: This study reviews the critical role of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system and the mechanisms associated with neuropathies and injuries. The research focuses on finding therapeutic targets and establishing suitable experimental models. Challenges in establishing reproducible in vitro protocols are also discussed.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Qian Wang, Fang-Yu Chen, Zhuo-Min Ling, Wen-Feng Su, Ya-Yu Zhao, Gang Chen, Zhong-Ya Wei
Summary: Peripheral neuropathy is a common neurological issue with limited treatment options. Schwann cell transplantation plays a crucial role in resolving peripheral neuropathy, and stem cells have the potential to differentiate into Schwann-like cells. These studies provide insights into cell therapy and uncover prospective therapeutic strategies for peripheral neuropathy.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Aliia Murtazina, Igor Adameyko
Summary: The peripheral nervous system is a heterogeneous system with diverse functions, including communication between the brain and the body, control of development and regeneration. It can be divided into sensory, motor, autonomic and enteric domains. Recent advances in single-cell transcriptomics have revealed new neuronal subtypes and improved cell-type classifications. This article discusses the roles, origin and heterogeneity of the peripheral nervous system, highlighting recent discoveries and future perspectives.
Article
Oncology
Parizat Askar, Jinghui Xu, Junxia Hu, Jianghong Shangguan, Hualin Sun, Songlin Zhou, Xiaoming Yang, Gang Chen, Wenfeng Su, Yun Gu
Summary: This study identifies the role of Etv1 in Schwann cell (SC) differentiation and myelination. Etv1 promotes SC proliferation, migration, and differentiation, and regulates SC myelination by binding to the promoters of myelination-related genes. These findings provide insights into potential molecular targets for clinical interventions in demyelinating diseases.
ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jinghui Xu, Bin Zhang, Jieyi Cai, Qianqian Peng, Junxia Hu, Parizat Askar, Jianghong Shangguan, Wenfeng Su, Changlai Zhu, Hualin Sun, Songlin Zhou, Gang Chen, Xiaoming Yang, Yun Gu
Summary: This study reveals that the transcriptional factor Stat1 plays a crucial role in myelination. Its deletion inhibits Schwann cell differentiation, leading to impaired myelination. Stat1 interacts with the promoter of Rab11fip1 to initiate Schwann cell differentiation. These findings uncover a novel function of Stat1 and provide a candidate molecule for clinical intervention in demyelinating diseases.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anton Borger, Sarah Stadlmayr, Maximilian Haertinger, Lorenz Semmler, Paul Supper, Flavia Millesi, Christine Radtke
Summary: miRNAs play a crucial role in peripheral nerve injuries by regulating specific pathways and proteins, which is essential for understanding the molecular mechanisms of nerve regeneration and providing targets for precision medicine.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Atsuhiko Okura, Koichi Inoue, Eisuke Sakuma, Hiroshi Takase, Takatoshi Ueki, Mitsuhito Mase
Summary: Schwann cells are crucial for peripheral myelination and the activation of the SGK1 signaling pathway plays a significant role in determining cell fate during nerve injury and repair.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Haley Jeanette, Leandro N. Marziali, Urja Bhatia, Abigail Hellman, Jacob Herron, Ashley M. Kopec, Maria Laura Feltri, Yannick Poitelon, Sophie Belin
Summary: YAP and TAZ, effectors of the Hippo pathway, play a regulatory role in the proliferation and differentiation of repair Schwann cells during peripheral nerve regeneration, contributing to remyelination over time.
Article
Cell Biology
Qianqian Chen, Qianyan Liu, Yunsong Zhang, Shiying Li, Sheng Yi
Summary: The study reveals the important role of LIF in regulating the proliferation and migration of Schwann cells as well as the regeneration of injured peripheral nerves. Manipulation of LIF expression levels can affect Schwann cell behaviors and impact the process of peripheral nerve regeneration.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Brendan Zotter, Or Dagan, Jacob Brady, Hasna Baloui, Jayshree Samanta, James L. Salzer
Summary: Peripheral nerves are organized into compartments and Gli1 is a crucial transcriptional effector involved in nerve development, regulation of extracellular matrix production, and nerve vascular organization. Gli1 and Dhh have nonredundant roles in peripheral nerve development.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
D. A. Santiago Gonzalez, V. T. Cheli, S. L. Rosenblum, G. Denaroso, P. M. Paez
Summary: Ceruloplasmin is an essential ferroxidase enzyme for cell iron efflux and plays a crucial role in promoting the maturation of OLs and SCs by regulating iron balance and preventing oxidative stress and neurodegeneration in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Article
Biology
Dora Romhanyi, Kornelia Szabo, Lajos Kemeny, Endre Sebestyen, Gergely Groma
Summary: An increasing amount of evidence suggests the critical role of the cutaneous nervous system in the initiation and maintenance of psoriatic skin lesions through neurogenic inflammation. This study reanalyzed a psoriatic RNA sequencing dataset to identify molecular mechanisms affecting cutaneous neurons. The analysis revealed differential expression of transcripts related to nervous system development and functions, particularly those involved in neurite formation. These findings suggest that SEMA-PLXN and ROBO-DCC-UNC5, which regulate axonal growth and repulsion, are differentially affected in non-lesional and lesional skin samples. The study also identified expressional alterations in axonal guidance signaling ligands, including WNT5A, which may explain the abnormal cutaneous nerve filament formation observed in psoriatic skin. Furthermore, these processes also influence T-cell activation and infiltration, adding to the understanding of the crosstalk between the cutaneous nervous system and immune responses in psoriasis pathogenesis, alongside known neurogenic pro-inflammatory mediators.
Review
Neurosciences
Chengxiao Ma, Wen Zhang, Maohong Cao
Summary: While most studies on Parkinson's disease have focused on the central nervous system, recent research has highlighted the importance of the peripheral nervous system, particularly in understanding non-motor symptoms associated with the disease. Abnormalities in alpha-synuclein deposition and neuroinflammation in the PNS have been identified, leading to potential implications for clinical diagnosis and treatment of PD.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sunghee Estelle Park, Jinchul Ahn, Hyo-Eun Jeong, Inchan Youn, Dongeun Huh, Seok Chung
Summary: The study presented an in vitro model of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) by establishing a coculture model of motor neurons (MNs) and Schwann cells (SCs) in a 3D extracellular matrix hydrogel scaffold. The model successfully reproduced myelination process in the PNS and demonstrated the potential to manipulate myelination and demyelination processes in motor neuron diseases.
NPG ASIA MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Rita Pinto-Costa, Monica Mendes Sousa
Summary: Cytolinkers play a crucial role in ensuring the integration of different cytoskeleton components in neurons, which is essential for proper function and connectivity of high order circuits. Several cytoskeleton regulatory proteins with actin-microtubule crosslinking activity have been identified as important players in axon outgrowth and guidance.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Joana Nogueira-Rodrigues, Sergio C. Leite, Rita Pinto-Costa, Sara C. Sousa, Liliana L. Luz, Maria A. Sintra, Raquel Oliveira, Ana C. Monteiro, Goncalo G. Pinheiro, Marta Vitorino, Joana A. Silva, Sonia Simao, Vitor E. Fernandes, Jan Provaznik, Vladimir Benes, Celia D. Cruz, Boris Safronov, Ana Magalhaes, Celso A. Reis, Jorge Vieira, Cristina P. Vieira, Gustavo Tiscornia, Ines M. Araujo, Monica M. Sousa
Summary: The spiny mouse is capable of spontaneous and fast restoration of function after severe spinal cord injury (SCI) due to the formation of scarless regenerative tissue. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the rewiring of glycosylation biosynthetic pathways in the spiny mouse, leading to pro-regenerative proteoglycan signature at the SCI site. This study highlights the importance of glycosylation switch in axon regeneration after SCI.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Cai Qi, Irena Feng, Ana Rita Costa, Rita Pinto-Costa, Jennifer E. Neil, Oana Caluseriu, Dong Li, Rebecca D. Ganetzky, Charlotte Brasch-Andersen, Christina Fagerberg, Lars Kjaersgaard Hansen, Caleb Bupp, Colleen Clarke Muraresku, Xiangbin Ruan, Bowei Kang, Kaining Hu, Rong Zhong, Pedro Brites, Elizabeth J. Bhoj, Robert Sean Hill, Marni J. Falk, Hakon Hakonarson, Kristopher T. Kahle, Monica M. Sousa, Christopher A. Walsh, Xiaochang Zhang
Summary: The study reveals that mutations in the ADD1 gene are associated with intellectual disability and brain malformations. ADD1 plays a crucial role in human and mouse neural development, and mutations in ADD1 can lead to corpus callosum dysgenesis, ventriculomegaly, and intellectual disability.
GENETICS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ana Filipa A. Cruz, Nuno A. B. Fonseca, Ana Rita Malheiro, Joana B. Melo, Maria Manuela Gaspar, Rui Fernandes, Vera Moura, Sergio Simoes, Joao Nuno Moreira
Summary: One of the major advantages of anticancer nanomedicine is the ability to co-deliver drug combinations. The impact of short and long alkyl chain ceramides on the nature of drug interaction, in combination with doxorubicin, was studied. Both C6 and C18 ceramides exhibited a synergistic drug interaction. However, they had different effects on the migratory potential of cancer cells.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Marta Vitorino, Sonia Simao, Joao B. Moreira, Joana Nogueira-Rodrigues, Joana Silva, Ana Sofia Lourenco, Vitor Fernandes, Monica M. Sousa, Gustavo Tiscornia, Ines M. Araujo
Summary: This study presents a coronal brain atlas of the African spiny mouse, providing a new tool for neuroanatomical research and opening new avenues for investigating its regenerative ability in brain disorders.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pedro Brites, Monica M. Sousa
Summary: In a mouse model, Kreher and colleagues demonstrate that neurons, not only myelinating glia, are the primary contributors to disease progression in Krabbe disease. The neuron-specific model they generated allows for investigation of the autonomous neuronal component of this disorder.
Review
Cell Biology
Ana Catarina Costa, Monica Mendes Sousa
Summary: Neurons are polarized cells and the regulation of the microtubule cytoskeleton is crucial for their function. A group of microtubule-severing enzymes, including spastin, have been found to play an important role in regulating microtubule organization and axonal transport.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Adelaide Sousa, Ana T. Rufino, Rui Fernandes, Ana Malheiro, Felix Carvalho, Eduarda Fernandes, Marisa Freitas
Summary: Silver nanoparticles exert harmful effects on both monocytes and macrophages, through the establishment of a strong pro-inflammatory response that leads to cell death. Smaller polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silver nanoparticles exhibit more pronounced cytotoxic effects. Human monocytes are more sensitive to silver nanoparticle exposure compared to human macrophages.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sonia Nair Bao, Manuela Machado, Ana Luisa Da Silva, Adma Melo, Sara Cunha, Sergio S. Sousa, Ana Rita Malheiro, Rui Fernandes, Jose Roberto S. A. Leite, Andreanne G. G. Vasconcelos, Joao Relvas, Manuela Pintado
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of a self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) loaded with lycopene purified from red guava (nanoLPG) on human keratinocytes cells. NanoLPG demonstrated antioxidant capacity and greater inhibition of enzymes involved in skin aging compared to purified lycopene. The use of lycopene in a nanoemulsion may be beneficial for skin health.
Article
Pediatrics
Nadya Al-Wakeel-Marquard, Tiago Ferreira da Silva, Felix Berger, Titus Kuehne, Daniel R. Messroghli
Summary: Diffuse myocardial fibrosis was observed in patients with d-transposition of the great arteries (dTGA) post atrial redirection and congenitally corrected TGA (ccTGA) in this study. Extracellular volume (ECV) measured by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) can serve as a non-invasive tissue marker of heart failure in these patients.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anne Baumann, Andrew R. Denninger, Marek Domin, Bruno Deme, Daniel A. Kirschner
Summary: This study investigates the structural analysis of myelin using neutron diffraction and mass spectrometry. The results show differences in myelin density and lipid deuteration between D pups and D dams, indicating variations in lipid turnover and metabolism. These findings have significant implications for understanding myelin biosynthesis and maintenance.
CURRENT RESEARCH IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ana Nascimento, Tiago F. Da Silva, Elisabete C. Fernandes, Liliana L. Luz, Fernando M. Mar, Boris Safronov, Monica M. Sousa
Summary: This study reveals the presence of axon initial segments (AIS) in sensory dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and their role in spontaneous discharges in neuropathic pain. The AIS in myelinated DRG neurons contains sodium channels that are associated with spontaneous activity. Computer simulations suggest that the AIS plays a crucial role in initiating spontaneous discharges. The disruption of the AIS leads to mechanical allodynia in neuropathic pain, indicating its significance in chronic pain management.