Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jamie van Son, Laura L. Koekkoek, Susanne E. La Fleur, Mireille J. Serlie, Max Nieuwdorp
Summary: Obesity, a global epidemic, is associated with microbial dysbiosis. Research indicates that the gut microbiota and its metabolites have an impact on human brain and behavior. Future treatment strategies for obesity may target the gut microbiota.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biology
Thomas F. Schilling, Pierre Le Pabic
Summary: A newly discovered enhancer region may have played a key role in the evolution of vertebrates' ability to open and close their jaws.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chris Amemiya
Summary: Genome sequencing and analysis of genomic interactions have revealed new insights into the evolution of the wing shapes in skates and rays, dating back over 200 million years.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Carmen Rubio, Esther Lizarraga, David Alvarez-Cilleros, Paula Perez-Pardo, Patricia Sanmartin-Salinas, M. Val Toledo-Lobo, Carmen Alvarez, Fernando Escriva, Maria Fernandez-Lobato, Luis G. Guijarro, Angela M. Valverde, Jose M. Carrascosa
Summary: Aging in mammals disrupts homeostatic mechanisms regulating energy balance, with changes in gut microbiota potentially contributing to metabolic disorders. Older animals exhibit thinner mucosal layers and weakened gut barriers, facilitating LPS leakage, along with impaired satiating effects of CCK. These alterations resemble increased adiposity features, potentially explaining fat deposition observed in liver and heart of aged rats.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dick R. Nassel, Shun-Fan Wu
Summary: Neuropeptides are diverse messenger molecules involved in regulating daily physiology and behaviors in metazoans. CCK/SK signaling plays important roles in satiety, feeding, gustatory sensitivity, locomotor activity, aggression, and reproductive behavior in both mammals and invertebrates, although the underlying mechanisms may differ.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Francesco Valeri, Kristina Endres
Summary: The gut microbiota is a complex system that is influenced by various factors, including sex. Despite limited understanding of the mechanisms behind sex-related differences, it is suggested that sex hormones, dietary habits, and antibiotics may have a direct impact on the composition of the gut microbiota. More research is needed to fully grasp the role of sexual hormones, particularly testosterone, in shaping the gut microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Edward C. Deehan, Zhengxiao Zhang, Alessandra Riva, Anissa M. Armet, Maria Elisa Perez-Munoz, Nguyen K. Nguyen, Jacqueline A. Krysa, Benjamin Seethaler, Yuan-Yuan Zhao, Janis Cole, Fuyong Li, Bela Hausmann, Andreas Spittler, Julie-Anne Nazare, Nathalie M. Delzenne, Jonathan M. Curtis, Wendy Wismer, Spencer D. Proctor, Jeffrey A. Bakal, Stephan C. Bischoff, Dan Knights, Catherine J. Field, David Berry, Carla M. Prado, Jens Walter
Summary: This study demonstrates the efficacy of purified dietary fibers when used as supplements and suggests that the satiating effects of AX may be linked to bacterial taxa that ferment the fiber or utilize breakdown products.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Atharva Sahasrabudhe, Laura E. Rupprecht, Sirma Orguc, Tural Khudiyev, Tomo Tanaka, Joanna Sands, Weikun Zhu, Anthony Tabet, Marie Manthey, Harrison Allen, Gabriel Loke, Marc-Joseph Antonini, Dekel Rosenfeld, Jimin Park, Indie C. Garwood, Wei Yan, Farnaz Niroui, Yoel Fink, Anantha Chandrakasan, Diego V. Bohorquez, Polina Anikeeva
Summary: Crosstalk between the brain and gut is modulated and recorded with microelectronics fibers. Multifunctional neural interfaces that combine the scalability and mechanical versatility of thermally drawn polymer-based fibers with the sophistication of microelectronic chips for organs as diverse as the brain and the gut are described. The technology uses continuous fibers that integrate various components in a miniature footprint, allowing wireless delivery of light for optogenetics and data transfer for physiological recording. The validation and application of this technology in the mouse brain and the intestinal lumen demonstrate its potential for studying brain-viscera interoceptive signaling and controlling feeding behaviors.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Umberto Tosi, Sergio W. Guadix, Alan R. Cohen, Mark M. Souweidane
Summary: Neuro-endoscopy, originating from ancient Egyptian rituals, promises a minimally invasive approach to the brain. After initial technical obstacles, the development and transformation of neuroendoscopy continued and it has now become a widely used and reliable surgical option for various complex pathologies.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Soohong Min, Yangkyun Oh, Pushpa Verma, Samuel C. Whitehead, Nilay Yapici, David Van Vactor, Greg S. B. Suh, Stephen Liberles
Summary: The study reveals the essential role of Drosophila Piezo in volume-based control of meal size, with neurons expressing Piezo responding to food reservoir organ distension. Activating Piezo neurons decreases appetite, while knockout and silencing of Piezo lead to gut bloating and increased food consumption and body weight.
Review
Microbiology
Hui Han, Bao Yi, Ruqing Zhong, Mengyu Wang, Shunfen Zhang, Jie Ma, Yulong Yin, Jie Yin, Liang Chen, Hongfu Zhang
Summary: Feelings of hunger and satiety play crucial roles in maintaining life; gut microbiota have been implicated in appetite control, potentially affecting host metabolic health and leading to various metabolic disorders.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Elanor C. Hinton, Sam D. Leary, Latife Comlek, Peter J. Rogers, Julian P. Hamilton-Shield
Summary: The study did not find evidence for differences in the effects of different conditions on satiety and eating speed. Future research could consider testing the impact of rating fullness on multiple meals over a longer period. Additionally, although some weak evidence was found that levels of satiety responsiveness may influence the effects of the manipulation, only a weak relationship with eating speed was identified.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sevag Hamamah, Arman Amin, Abdul Latif Al-Kassir, Judith Chuang, Mihai Covasa
Summary: Obesity is a complex disease that is becoming more prevalent worldwide. Recent research suggests that changes in gut microbiota, influenced by the consumption of dietary fats, play a key role in the development of obesity. These alterations in gut microbiota can affect important satiation signals, leading to hyperphagia and obesity. This review discusses the mechanisms by which gut microbiota influences satiation signals, the effects of dietary interventions on gut microbiota and satiety signals, and microbiota optimizing therapies to combat obesity.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Jens Mund, Rehren Karl-Henning, Bert Schroer
Summary: String-localized quantum field theory can allow renormalizable couplings involving massive vector bosons without negative-norm states and compensating ghosts. The most general coupling of a massive vector boson to a scalar field is analyzed, revealing that the scalar field necessarily possesses a shifted Higgs potential. The shape of the Higgs potential arises as a consistency condition among fundamental principles of QFT, and can be achieved by relaxing the localization properties of auxiliary quantities.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Amber Brauer-Nikonow, Michael Zimmermann
Summary: This study investigates the metabolic interactions between microbiota and host, and elegantly demonstrates the crucial role of diet and microbiota at the molecular level in maintaining immune homeostasis.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Wenwen Cheng, Ian Gonzalez, Warren Pan, Anthony H. Tsang, Jessica Adams, Ermelinda Ndoka, Desiree Gordian, Basma Khoury, Karen Roelofs, Simon S. Evers, Andrew MacKinnon, Shuangcheng Wu, Henriette Frikke-Schmidt, Jonathan N. Flak, James L. Trevaskis, Christopher J. Rhodes, So-ichiro Fukada, Randy J. Seeley, Darleen A. Sandoval, David P. Olson, Clemence Blouet, Martin G. Myers
Letter
Surgery
Andriy Myronovych, Alfor Lewis, Randy J. Seeley
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paul M. Ryan, Elaine Patterson, Robert M. Kent, Helena Stack, Paula M. O'Connor, Kiera Murphy, Veronica L. Peterson, Rupasri Mandal, David S. Wishart, Timothy G. Dinan, John F. Cryan, Randy J. Seeley, Catherine Stanton, R. Paul Ross
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Gowri Nayak, Kevin X. Zhang, Shruti Vemaraju, Yoshinobu Odaka, Ethan D. Buhr, Amanda Holt-Jones, Stace Kernodle, April N. Smith, Brian A. Upton, Shane D'Souza, Jesse J. Zhan, Nicolas Diaz, Minh-Thanh Nguyen, Rajib Mukherjee, Shannon A. Gordon, Gang Wu, Robert Schmidt, Xue Mei, Nathan T. Petts, Matthew Batie, Sujata Rao, John B. Hogenesch, Takahisa Nakamura, Alison Sweeney, Randy J. Seeley, Russell N. Van Gelder, Joan Sanchez-Gurmaches, Richard A. Lang
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Simon S. Evers, Ki-Suk Kim, Nadejda Bozadjieva, Alfor G. Lewis, Diana Farris, Matthew J. Sorensen, Youngsoo Kim, Steven E. Whitesall, Robert T. Kennedy, Daniel E. Michele, Randy J. Seeley, Darleen A. Sandoval
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2020)
Review
Cell Biology
Ruth E. Gimeno, Daniel A. Briere, Randy J. Seeley
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Andriy Myronovych, Jashdeep Bhattacharjee, Rosa-Maria Salazar-Gonzalez, Brandon Tan, Sarah Mowery, Danielle Ferguson, Karen K. Ryan, Wujuan Zhang, Xueheng Zhao, Melissa Oehrle, Kenneth D. R. Setchell, Randy J. Seeley, Darleen A. Sandoval, Rohit Kohli
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kevin X. Zhang, Shane D'Souza, Brian A. Upton, Stace Kernodle, Shruti Vemaraju, Gowri Nayak, Kevin D. Gaitonde, Amanda L. Holt, Courtney D. Linne, April N. Smith, Nathan T. Petts, Matthew Batie, Rajib Mukherjee, Durgesh Tiwari, Ethan D. Buhr, Russell N. Van Gelder, Christina Gross, Alison Sweeney, Joan Sanchez-Gurmaches, Randy J. Seeley, Richard A. Lang
Article
Cell Biology
Nadejda Bozadjieva Kramer, Simon S. Evers, Jae Hoon Shin, Sierra Silverwood, Yibin Wang, Charles F. Burant, Darleen A. Sandoval, Randy J. Seeley
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Henriette Frikke-Schmidt, Peter Arvan, Randy J. Seeley, Corentin Cras-Meneur
Summary: This study successfully tracked and quantified insulin content in up to two hundred individual islets simultaneously during a glucose challenge. The research found that while isolated islets respond homogeneously to glucose in culture, their profiles differ significantly in vivo. Some islets respond sharply to a glucose stimulation while others barely secrete at all.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anita R. Patel, Henriette Frikke-Schmidt, Olivier Bezy, Paul Sabatini, Nikolaj Rittig, Niels Jessen, Martin G. Myers, Randy J. Seeley
Summary: The study found that Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can increase levels of GDF15 in mice, rats, and humans, but GDF15 is not necessary for inducing anorexia and weight loss in response to moderate systemic infection.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ki-Suk Kim, Bailey Ce Peck, Yu-Han Hung, Kieran Koch-Laskowski, Landon Wood, Priya H. Dedhia, Jason R. Spence, Randy J. Seeley, Praveen Sethupathy, Darleen A. Sandoval
Summary: This study found that vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) increases the number of hormone-secreting enteroendocrine cells (EECs) in the intestine through bile acid signaling, which drives intestinal stem cell fate towards EEC differentiation.
Article
Physiology
Anita R. Patel, Henriette Frikke-Schmidt, Paul V. Sabatini, Alan C. Rupp, Darleen A. Sandoval, Martin G. Myers, Randy J. Seeley
Summary: Deoxynivalenol (DON), a mycotoxin contaminating grain, induces nausea, emesis, and anorexia. The study found that GLP-1 is not necessary for DON-induced effects on food intake and visceral illness. Additionally, the study showed that the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) on GFRAL neurons may play a role in DON signaling, but neither GLP-1 signaling nor GFRAL signaling and neurons are required for DON-induced visceral illness or anorexia.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Samuel Klein, Randy J. Seeley
Summary: Many individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes experience diabetes remission after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, but there is disagreement regarding the underlying mechanisms. We present our perspective on conflicting datasets suggesting that the remission could be attributed solely to weight loss or weight loss-independent factors.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Wenwen Cheng, Ermelinda Ndoka, Chelsea Hutch, Karen Roelofs, Andrew MacKinnon, Basma Khoury, Jack Magrisso, Ki Suk Kim, Christopher J. Rhodes, David P. Olson, Randy J. Seeley, Darleen Sandoval, Martin G. Myers
