Article
Neurosciences
Xiaofeng Gu, Jeffrey Richman, Peter Langfelder, Nan Wang, Shasha Zhang, Monica Banez-Coronel, Huei-Bin Wang, Lucia Yang, Lalini Ramanathan, Linna Deng, Chang Sin Park, Christopher R. Choi, Jeffrey P. Cantle, Fuying Gao, Michelle Gray, Giovanni Coppola, Gillian P. Bates, Laura P. W. Ranum, Steve Horvath, Christopher S. Colwell, X. William Yang
Summary: In this study, a BAC-CAG mouse model was established to investigate the pathogenesis of Huntington's disease, and it was found that the uninterrupted CAG repeat length is significantly correlated with striatal transcriptionopathy, but not with polyglutamine length. Additionally, somatic CAG repeat instability and nuclear mHTT aggregation are best correlated with early-onset pathology and locomotor and sleep deficits.
Article
Immunology
Xinying Zhou, Linmiao Lie, Yao Liang, Hui Xu, Bo Zhu, Yingqi Huang, Lijie Zhang, Zelin Zhang, Qianna Li, Qi Wang, Zhenyu Han, Yulan Huang, Honglin Liu, Shengfeng Hu, Chaoying Zhou, Qian Wen, Li Ma
Summary: This study reveals the significant role of GSK-3alpha/beta pathway in regulating immune response of macrophages to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. It also demonstrates that PKC-delta and mTOR can influence the activation of GSK-3alpha/beta and subsequently regulate the expression of MMP-1/9. These findings provide new insights into the immune escape mechanism of tuberculosis and the crosstalk between critical signaling pathways.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeffrey K. Actor, Thao K. T. Nguyen, Agnieszka Wasik-Smietana, Marian L. Kruzel
Summary: Lactoferrin exhibits immune modulatory effects on pulmonary pathology during primary Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. It reduces pro-inflammatory responses, limits damage to pulmonary tissues, and has sustained effects on lung granuloma pathology. FcLTF has a greater impact compared to recombinant LTF, and is superior in limiting residual inflammatory cytokine production.
Article
Virology
Andrew J. Sharon, Heather A. Filyk, Nicolette M. Fonseca, Rachel L. Simister, Renata B. Filler, Wallace Yuen, Blair K. Hardman, Hannah G. Robinson, Jung Hee Seo, Joana Rocha-Pereira, Ian Welch, Johan Neyts, Craig B. Wilen, Sean A. Crowe, Lisa C. Osborne
Summary: The intestinal microbiota is a collection of bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses that colonize the mammalian gut. The coevolution of the host and microbiota has required the development of immunological tolerance. This study focuses on the host-directed mechanisms of viral regulation and demonstrates the central role of STAT1 in regulating viral replication and antiviral T cell responses.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Lisa G. Lanigan, Blake E. Hildreth, Wessel P. Dirksen, Jessica K. Simmons, Chelsea K. Martin, Jillian L. Werbeck, Nandu K. Thudi, Tracey L. Papenfuss, Prosper N. Boyaka, Ramiro E. Toribio, Jerrold M. Ward, Katherine N. Weilbaecher, Thomas J. Rosol
Summary: The study found that the expression of the HTLV-1 oncogene Tax in mice leads to osteolytic tumors. Mechanisms of bone-invasive malignancies were identified, and related cell lines were established for further research.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Joachim Neumann, Tom Seidler, Charlotte Fehse, Margareta Marusakova, Britt Hofmann, Ulrich Gergs
Summary: The study revealed that metoclopramide had a partial agonist effect on human cardiac 5-HT4 receptors, while domperidone had no effect at all.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Di Wen, Yingxiao Ji, Yuanyuan Li, Weisong Duan, Yanyan Wang, Zhongyao Li, Meichun Tao, Yakun Liu
Summary: The study suggests that OPTN gene therapy could be an effective strategy to increase autophagy and protect mitochondria, thereby preventing the progression of ALS.
Article
Immunology
Tim Pieters, Sara T'Sas, Stijn Vanhee, Andre Almeida, Yasmine Driege, Juliette Roels, Wouter Van Loocke, Willem Daneels, Mathijs Baens, Arnaud Marchand, Maaike Van Trimpont, Filip Matthijssens, Julie Morscio, Kelly Lemeire, Beatrice Lintermans, Lindy Reunes, Patrick Chaltin, Fritz Offner, Jo Van Dorpe, Tino Hochepied, Geert Berx, Rudi Beyaert, Jens Staal, Pieter Van Vlierberghe, Steven Goossens
Summary: The study demonstrates for the first time that hematopoiesis-specific activation of cyclin D2 is sufficient to drive murine MCL-like lymphoma development. Additionally, cyclin D2 overexpression can synergize with loss of p53 to form aggressive and transplantable MCL-like lymphomas.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Thao K. T. Nguyen, Zainab Niaz, Marian L. Kruzel, Jeffrey K. Actor
Summary: Lactoferrin can reduce inflammation caused by Mtb infection, promote drug penetration, and maintain endothelial cell integrity. In the inflammatory foci, mice treated with rHLF showed an increase in M2-like phenotypic cells.
ARCHIVUM IMMUNOLOGIAE ET THERAPIAE EXPERIMENTALIS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Tuhina Gupta, Demba Sarr, Kayla Fantone, Nuha Milad Ashtiwi, Kaori Sakamoto, Frederick D. Quinn, Balazs Rada
Summary: Mtb is the primary cause of human tuberculosis, but the role of Duox1 in bacterial infections remains largely unknown. This study showed that in a mouse model, Duox1 is dispensable for the overall clinical course of Mtb lung infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Zhigang Lei, Rui Tang, Qianqian Qi, Pan Gu, Junling Wang, Lei Xu, Chuan Wei, Yanan Pu, Xin Qi, Ying Chen, Beibei Yu, Yanxiong Yu, Xiaojun Chen, Jifeng Zhu, Yalin Li, Sha Zhou, Chuan Su
Summary: Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease affecting over 250 million people worldwide, caused primarily by Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum. CD1d plays a crucial role in maintaining liver NKT cell homeostasis and modulating immune responses. Decreased CD1d expression on hepatocytes during S. japonicum infection leads to increased NKT cells, altered Th1 and Th2 responses, and liver immunopathology, while overexpression of CD1d in hepatocytes can alleviate these effects.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ken-Edwin Aryee, Lisa M. Burzenski, Li-Chin Yao, James G. Keck, Dale L. Greiner, Leonard D. Shultz, Michael A. Brehm
Summary: Human innate immunity, including natural killer (NK) cells, plays a critical role in tumor surveillance and immunoregulation in the tumor microenvironment. Humanized mouse models have been developed to study human immuno-oncology, but the development and survival of human NK cells in these models are limited. Researchers have created a mouse model with constitutive expression of human Interleukin 15 (IL15) to enhance the development of functional human NK cells and limit tumor growth.
Article
Neurosciences
Raquel Sanchez-Varo, Elisabeth Sanchez-Mejias, Juan Jose Fernandez-Valenzuela, Vanessa De Castro, Marina Mejias-Ortega, Angela Gomez-Arboledas, Sebastian Jimenez, Maria Virtudes Sanchez-Mico, Laura Trujillo-Estrada, Ines Moreno-Gonzalez, David Baglietto-Vargas, Marisa Vizuete, Jose Carlos Davila, Javier Vitorica, Antonia Gutierrez
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by initial memory impairments that progress to dementia. Synaptic dysfunction and loss have been established as the pathological features that best correlate with the typical early cognitive decline in this disease.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Octavio Ramos-Espinosa, Dulce Mata-Espinosa, Alejandro Francisco-Cruz, Manuel Othoniel Lopez-Torres, Sujhey Hernandez-Bazan, Jorge Barrios-Payan, Brenda Marquina-Castillo, Marta Carretero, Marcela del Rio, Rogelio Hernandez-Pando
Summary: This study suggests that adenovirus-delivered antimicrobial peptides can serve as a promising adjuvant therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis by enhancing protective immune response, reducing bacterial load and inflammation, and potentially shortening the duration of antibiotic treatment.
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pedro Mejia, J. Humberto Trevino-Villarreal, Mariana De Niz, Elamaran Meibalan, Alban Longchamp, Justin S. Reynolds, Lindsey B. Turnbull, Robert O. Opoka, Christian Roussilhon, Tobias Spielmann, C. Keith Ozaki, Volker T. Heussler, Karl B. Seydel, Terrie E. Taylor, Chandy C. John, Danny A. Milner, Matthias Marti, James R. Mitchell
Summary: Levels of the adipokine leptin are associated with neuropathology in experimental cerebral malaria (ECM), with infected red blood cells (iRBCs) sequestering in white adipose tissue (WAT) microvasculature leading to increased vascular permeability and local leptin production. In mice, parasite strains that do not sequester in WAT display reduced leptin production and protection from ECM. Adipocyte leptin production is regulated by the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and disrupted by rapamycin, highlighting the potential implications of WAT sequestration for malaria infection pathogenesis, prognosis, and treatment.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Helen R. Stagg, Jennifer A. Thompson, Marc C. Lipman, Derek J. Sloan, Mary Flook, Katherine L. Fielding
Summary: This study aimed to determine the impact of regimen length, drugs, dosing, and nonadherence timing on the forgiveness of antituberculosis regimens. The results showed that shorter 4-month regimens were just as forgiving as the standard 6-month regimen and did not differ in terms of nonadherence tolerance. The study also found evidence of mediation by continuation phase dose-taking on the relationship between intensive phase dose-taking and negative outcome.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luis Jaramillo-Valverde, Kelly S. Levano, David D. Tarazona, Andres Vasquez-Dominguez, Anel Toledo-Nauto, Silvia Capristano, Cesar Sanchez, Eduardo Tarazona-Santos, Cesar Ugarte-Gil, Heinner Guio
Summary: This study found that the combination of GSTM1 present genotype, GSTT1 null genotype, fast NAT2 acetylators, and CYP2E1 c1/c1 genotype in Peruvian tuberculosis patients is associated with a significant risk for the development of adverse drug reactions (ADR).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Naomi F. F. Walker, Rachel L. L. Byrne, Ashleigh Howard, Elissavet Nikolaou, Madlen Farrar, Sharon Glynn, Katerina S. S. Cheliotis, Ana I. Cubas I. Atienzar, Kelly Davies, Jesus Reine, Zalina Rashid-Gardner, Esther L. L. German, Carla Solorzano, Tess Blandamer, Lisa Hitchins, Christopher Myerscough, Bradford D. D. Gessner, Elizabeth Begier, Andrea M. M. Collins, Mike Beadsworth, Stacy Todd, Helen Hill, Catherine F. F. Houlihan, Eleni Nastouli, Emily R. R. Adams, Elena Mitsi, Daniela M. M. Ferreira
Summary: This study observed the infection of SARS-CoV-2 in frontline healthcare workers in the UK NHS during the first wave of the pandemic. It found that healthcare workers may be a potential source of transmission and symptom screening is not effective in detecting most infections. The study recommends the use of saliva testing in addition to oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swab testing for improved detection of symptomatic and asymptomatic infections.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alvaro Schwalb, Jon C. Emery, Katie D. Dale, Katherine C. Horton, Cesar A. Ugarte-Gil, Rein M. G. J. Houben
Summary: This study explores the impact of immunoreactivity reversion on the estimation of annual risk of tuberculosis infection (ARI). The results show that ignoring reversion leads to a stark underestimation of the true ARI. Future surveys should adjust for reversion probability and its cumulative effect with increasing age to obtain a more accurate reflection of the burden and dynamics of tuberculosis infection.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
J. L. Paredes, V Picon, L. Reynolds, C. Ugarte-Gil, D. Moore
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Uchenna Unachukwu, Jarrod Sonett, Denzel Woode, Takayuki Shiomi, Kiran Chada, Jeanine M. D'Armiento
MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sandra Palomino-Padilla, Lorna Finch, Margaretha de Vos, Helen Savage, Luz Villa-Castillo, Gail Hayward, Eloise R. Cook, Camille Escadafal, Richard I. Body, Emily P. Adams, Cesar P. Ugarte-Gil, Ana P. Cubas-Atienzar
Summary: Prospective diagnostic evaluation studies were conducted in Peru and the UK to assess the accuracy of COVID-19 antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests. The GENEDIA and ActiveXpress+ assays showed certain sensitivity and specificity in different clinical settings. The overall clinical sensitivity of Genedia did not meet the WHO minimum performance requirements, while ActiveXpress+ met the requirements in the small UK cohort.
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyung Woo Kim, Sohee Park, Jinsoo Min, Jiyu Sun, Ah Young Shin, Jick Hwan Ha, Jae Seuk Park, Sung-Soon Lee, Marc Lipman, Ibrahim Abubakar, Helen R. Stagg, Ju Sang Kim
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Meyad Alkarni, Marc Lipman, David M. Lowe
Summary: Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease (NTM-PD) is a global health issue. Neutrophils are found to have a dual role in NTM infection: controlling the infection in the early phase but also contributing to disease progression. Understanding the roles of neutrophils in NTM-PD is crucial for developing preventive strategies and host-directed therapy.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND ANTIMICROBIALS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Emily Lai-Ho MacLean, Luz Villa-Castillo, Patricia Espinoza-Lopez, Tatiana Caceres, Giorgia Sulis, Mikashmi Kohli, Madhukar Pai, Cesar Ugarte-Gil
Summary: This study in Peru aimed to assess the feasibility of integrating tuberculosis and COVID-19 testing using Xpert Ultra and Xpert Xpress. The results showed that integrated testing is feasible, but systematic testing for both diseases might not be the ideal approach for every patient presenting with symptoms.
Article
Immunology
Tanmay Kanitkar, Oshani Dissanayake, Nicholas Bakewell, Maggie Symonds, Stephanie Rimmer, Amit Adlakha, Marc C. I. Lipman, Sanjay Bhagani, Caroline A. Sabin, Banwari Agarwal, Robert F. Miller
Summary: This study investigated the trend of in-ICU/in-hospital mortality among people with HIV admitted to ICU in a UK-based HIV referral centre from 2000 to 2019. The results showed a decreasing trend in mortality rates over time.
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Hazel Morrison, Felicity Perrin, Martin Dedicoat, Rizwan Ahmed, James Brown, Maria Loughenbury, Suman Paul, Miguel Souto, Richard Ward, Marc Lipman
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Paulo Ruiz-Grosso, Christian Loret de Mola, Larissa Otero, Cesar Ugarte-Gil
Summary: The objective of this study was to identify trajectories of depressive symptoms (DSs) during the first half of drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) treatment and examine their association with loss to follow-up (LTFU) in the second half. The study found that an increasing trajectory of DSs during the first half of PTB treatment is associated with a higher risk of LTFU during the second half.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Pratima Chowdary, Banwari Agarwal, Maria Rita Peralta, Sanjay Bhagani, Simon Lee, James Goldring, Marc Lipman, Emal Waqif, Mark Phillips, Helen Philippou, Jonathan H. Foley, Nicola J. Mutch, Robert A. S. Ariens, Kathleen A. Stringer, Federico Ricciardi, Marie Watissee, Derralynn Hughes, Amit Nathwani, Anne Riddell, David Patch, Jim Buckley, Mark De Neef, Rahul Dimber, Cecilia Diaz-Garcia, Honey Patel, Aarti Nandani, Upuli Dissanayake, Nick Chadwick, Ahmed A. A. M. M. Alkhatip, Peter Watkinson, Eamon Raith, Suveer Singh, Tony Wolff, Rajeev Jha, Simon E. Brill, Ameet Bakhai, Alison Evans, Farhat Gilani, Keith Gomez
Summary: Nebulized recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) has the potential to improve lung injury and oxygenation in COVID-19 patients. Preliminary studies show better outcomes in patients receiving non-invasive respiratory support (NIRS). Randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm the clinical effects.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
M. C. I. Lipman, L. Altass, T. Capstick, G. Davies, P. Haldar, M. Dedicoat, M. Loughenbury, K. Manalan, E. Robinson, O. M. Kon