Article
Oncology
Nicki Panoskaltsis, Neil E. McCarthy, Stella C. Knight
Summary: TGN1412, a superagonist monoclonal antibody targeting CD28, caused cytokine storm in healthy volunteers, leading to anemia and granulocytic dysplasia which resolved over several months. The study provides insights into the changes in myelopoiesis and natural resolution in young healthy individuals following acute inflammation and cytokine storm.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Nicki Panoskaltsis
Summary: Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a result of ongoing inflammation and tissue damage caused by massive pro-inflammatory cytokine release. CRS, triggered by COVID-19, has become a defining feature of severe cases, prompting the need for treatment approaches based on pathophysiology and cytokine storm.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Nicki Panoskaltsis, Neil E. McCarthy, Andrew J. Stagg, Catherine J. Mummery, Mariwan Husni, Naila Arebi, David Greenstein, Claire L. Price, Hafid O. Al-Hassi, Michalis Koutinas, Athanasios Mantalaris, Stella C. Knight
Summary: This study highlights the immune-related adverse events and consequences following immunotherapy, providing insights into potential immunopathology, treatment targets, and long-term monitoring strategies for patients experiencing cytokine storms. The findings emphasize the importance of comprehensive immune monitoring and management for patients undergoing cancer immunotherapy or facing severe infections.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Neil E. McCarthy, Andrew J. Stagg, Claire L. Price, Elizabeth R. Mann, Nichola L. Gellatly, Hafid O. Al-Hassi, Stella C. Knight, Nicki Panoskaltsis
Summary: Following infusion of the anti-CD28 superagonist monoclonal antibody TGN1412, patients who developed gastrointestinal symptoms showed dysregulation of the 'gut-homing' pool of blood alpha beta and gamma delta T cells, which could be induced directly by the antibody or the subsequent cytokine storm.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sabrina Uehlein, Xin Ding, Janina Floesser, Selma Schmidt, Julia Steitz, Maya Bille, Florian Schnitter, Steffen Baltes, Armin Saalmueller, Wilhelm Gerner, Thomas Herrmann, Anna Frey, Thomas Kerkau, Ulrich Hofmann, Niklas Beyersdorf
Summary: Pigs are utilized as animal models for studying human diseases and immune system development due to their size, anatomical similarities, and ability to undergo genetic manipulations. The understanding of CD28 expression and function in porcine T cells has been expanded, with new antibodies showing enhancements in proliferation and cytokine secretion. Additionally, a pilot study in pigs suggests that low-dose CD28-SA infusion may lead to selective expansion of CD4(+) regulatory T cells in humans.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hugh Rosen, Michael B. A. Oldstone
Summary: In this study, the researchers explored the association between S1P serum levels and the severity of COVID-19, proposing a new prognostic indicator.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Varvara A. Ryabkova, Leonid P. Churilov, Yehuda Shoenfeld
Summary: The review suggests that lessons from immunomodulatory therapy of COVID-19 can be applied to severe influenza infection and future outbreaks of severe respiratory viral infections, including the choice of immunomodulatory drugs, patient selection, and timing of therapy.
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eli Arbov, Alia Tayara, Songwei Wu, Thomas C. Rich, Brant M. Wagener
Summary: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), known as coronavirus disease (COVID-19), poses a higher risk of mortality for the elderly and those with preexisting conditions. COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU have higher mortality rates, and survivors may experience post-ICU syndrome with cognitive, psychiatric, and physical disabilities. Previous studies suggest that COVID-19 may lead to long-term morbidity and mortality through various mechanisms, raising concerns about the impact beyond the short-term effects.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Gabriele Melegari, Enrico Giuliani, Chiara Dallai, Lucia Veronesi, Elisabetta Bertellini, Suela Osmenaj, Alberto Barbieri
Summary: This study describes the one-year survival of ICU patients treated with tocilizumab, with results showing a lower one-year mortality rate in the tocilizumab treatment group and a weaker impact on quality of life.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mahmoud M. A. Abulmeaty, Ghadeer S. Aljuraiban, Sumaya M. Shaikh, Naif E. ALEid, Lulwa R. Al Mazrou, Abdullah A. Turjoman, Mona S. Aldosari, Suhail Razak, Mervat M. El-Sayed, Tahani M. Areabi, Rokia M. Alsalafi, Yasser S. Al-Helio, Abdulrhman B. Almutairy, Haneen N. Molla
Summary: This study confirms the effectiveness of oral antioxidant supplementation for non-critically ill COVID-19 patients, significantly reducing inflammatory cytokine levels and improving some clinical parameters.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaokang He, Fei Yao, Jie Chen, Yan Wang, Xiangming Fang, Xuan Lin, Hui Long, Qiang Wang, Qingming Wu
Summary: The study found that D-dimer levels are closely related to the clinical classification and prognosis of COVID-19 patients, with a D-dimer value of 2.025 mg/L regarded as the optimal probability cutoff for predicting death. Advanced age, male gender, dyspnea symptoms, and some underlying diseases are influencing factors for D-dimer levels.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shaul Lev, Tamar Gottesman, Gal Sahaf Levin, Doron Lederfein, Evgeny Berkov, Dror Diker, Aliza Zaidman, Amir Nutman, Tahel Ilan Ber, Alon Angel, Lior Kellerman, Eran Barash, Roy Navon, Olga Boico, Yael Israeli, Michal Rosenberg, Amir Gelman, Roy Kalfon, Einav Simon, Noa Avni, Mary Hainrichson, Oren Zarchin, Tanya M. Gottlieb, Kfir Oved, Eran Eden, Boaz Tadmor
Summary: This single-center cohort study found that IP-10 levels correlated with COVID-19 severity and admission to the intensive care unit, and corticosteroid therapy significantly decreased IP-10 levels. Serial IP-10 measurements may serve as an actionable aid in managing inflammation and guiding therapeutic decisions in COVID-19 patients.
Review
Hematology
James T. England, Alym Abdulla, Catherine M. Biggs, Agnes Y. Y. Lee, Kevin A. Hay, Ryan L. Hoiland, Cheryl L. Wellington, Mypinder Sekhon, Shahin Jamal, Kamran Shojania, Luke Y. C. Chen
Summary: This review compares the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment approaches of COVID-CSS with other hematological CSS, emphasizing novel therapeutics targeting cytokines and cell signaling pathways. Comparison of inflammation markers and cytokine levels aims to establish a foundation for future diagnostic criteria of COVID-CSS.
Article
Rheumatology
Christian Dejaco, Alessia Alunno, Johannes W. J. Bijlsma, Annelies Boonen, Bernard Combe, Axel Finckh, Pedro M. Machado, Ivan Padjen, Francisca Sivera, Tanja A. Stamm, Frank Buttgereit
Summary: The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on rheumatologists and health professionals in rheumatology, leading to cancellation or postponement of face-to-face visits, delays in treatment decisions, and shortages of key medications for rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. Concerns about patient fear, limited screening availability, and reduced rheumatology services contributed to the challenges faced during the pandemic.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Emilia Cirillo, Ciro Esposito, Giuliana Giardino, Gaetano Azan, Simona Fecarotta, Stefania Pittaluga, Lucia Ruggiero, Ferdinando Barretta, Giulia Frisso, Luigi Daniele Notarangelo, Claudio Pignata
Summary: This case report highlights a rare complication of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, severe rhabdomyolysis, which resulted in multi-organ failure and death in a previously healthy individual.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)