Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Huxinyue Duan, Pan Song, Ruolan Li, Hong Su, Lisha He
Summary: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic disease that affects human health and is a primary cause of cardiovascular diseases. Abnormal blood lipid levels, especially LDL oxidation and foam cell formation, play a crucial role in AS development. Herbal medicines have shown potential in inhibiting LDL oxidation and reducing foam cell formation, thereby improving lipid metabolism and preventing AS. This paper summarizes the current research on the inhibitory effects of herbal medicines on LDL oxidation and foam cell formation, and discusses the role of cholesterol and LDL in lipid metabolism disorder and AS pathogenesis. herbal medicines may regulate cholesterol homeostasis by downregulating CD36 and SR-A, and upregulating ABCA1 and ABCG1.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hanlin Peng, Mingzhu Zhu, Wei Kong, Chaoshu Tang, Junbao Du, Yaqian Huang, Hongfang Jin
Summary: The results demonstrate that L-Cth exerts inhibitory effects on oxidative stress by reducing superoxide anion, H2O2, and NO levels, as well as iNOS protein expression induced by oxLDL. Additionally, L-Cth treatment significantly enhances the activity of antioxidants GSH-Px, SOD, and CAT, and upregulates the expressions of SOD1 and SOD2 proteins in oxLDL-treated macrophages.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hitomi Ohinata, Takashi Obama, Tomohiko Makiyama, Yuichi Watanabe, Hiroyuki Itabe
Summary: This study found that high-density lipoproteins (HDL) partially decreased neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation induced by copper-oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). It was also discovered that oxidized phosphatidylcholines and lysophosphatidylcholine in oxLDL promoted NET formation, which could be completely blocked by native HDL. Furthermore, an electronegative subfraction of LDL, LDL(-), was found to promote NET formation. These findings suggest that plasma lipoproteins and their oxidative modifications play multiple roles in promoting NET formation, and HDL acts as a suppressor of this response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anastasia V. Poznyak, Nikita G. Nikiforov, Alexander M. Markin, Dmitry A. Kashirskikh, Veronika A. Myasoedova, Elena V. Gerasimova, Alexander N. Orekhov
Summary: Cardiovascular pathologies are leading causes of mortality worldwide, with atherosclerosis being a chronic disease associated with serious complications. Inflammation and lipid metabolism alterations play crucial roles in atherogenesis, with recent investigations supporting the multiple LDL modification theory. Oxidized LDL may have both anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory properties, triggering inflammation through macrophage activation and other cells.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hui-Lin Hu, Hui-Xiu Zheng, Na Yuan, Chang-Lin Zhai, Hao Chen, Hai-Hua Pan, Gang Qian
Summary: circUSP9X promotes the proliferation and migration of oxidized low-density lipoprotein-treated vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating the expression of miR-599 and STIM1.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Xu Zhi, Yufen Sun, Fangjian Cai, Sisi Wang, Hu Gao, Fan Wu, Lei Zhang, Zhen Shen
Summary: A highly specific Ox-LDL-triggered fluorogenic-colorimetric probe Pro-P1 has been developed to visualize the oxidation and aggregation progress of lipoproteins and plaque. This probe is able to directly visualize ferroptosis and Cu2+-mediated LDL oxidative aggregation in living cells. The plaque area and size can be delineated by colorimetric fluorescence imaging and fluorescence lifetime imaging.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Christin G. Hong, Elizabeth Florida, Haiou Li, Philip M. Parel, Nehal N. Mehta, Alexander V. Sorokin
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis explored the relationship between oxidized LDL and cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic inflammatory conditions. The findings indicate that oxidized LDL levels are significantly elevated in participants with cardiovascular disease in the presence of chronic inflammation. This suggests that oxidized LDL may serve as a useful biomarker for risk stratification of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Feroz Ahmad, Robert D. Mitchell, Tom Houben, Angela Palo, Tulasi Yadati, Andrew J. Parnell, Ketan Patel, Ronit Shiri-Sverdlov, David S. Leake
Summary: The study shows that cysteamine can induce regression of atherosclerotic lesions in LDL receptor-deficient mice, improve lesion stability, reduce oxidized phospholipids, decrease liver lipid levels and expression of specific proteins and cytokines, as well as enhance skeletal muscle function. No changes were observed in plasma lipid concentrations. This suggests that lysosomal oxidation inhibition with antioxidants targeted at lysosomes may be a promising therapy for atherosclerosis in patients.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Kun Wang, Chaoye Gan, Huaying Wang, Meiying Ao, Youlong Fan, Yong Chen
Summary: Research shows that acidification causes changes in size and biomechanical properties of LDL/oxLDL particles, with significant decreases in hardness, potentially explaining their role in atherosclerosis.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jing Jia, Yueping Wang, Ruijuan Huang, Fengxia Du, Xiaozhu Shen, Qiurong Yang, Juan Li
Summary: This study found that downregulating PDIA3 expression can alleviate oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. This discovery shows promise for future treatments of atherosclerosis.
Article
Oncology
Jesus S. Aguilar Diaz De Leon, Honor L. Glenn, Mark Knappenberger, Chad R. Borges
Summary: The oxidation and desialylation of LDL in atherosclerotic processes significantly affect the cytotoxicity of LAK cells against K562 cells.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fang Fang, Anne Monique Nuyt, Carole Garofalo, Jun Zhang, Pierre Julien, William Fraser, Emile Levy, Zhong-Cheng Luo
Summary: Elevated levels of OxLDL were found to be positively correlated with fetal insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function. The study suggests that OxLDL may impact glucose metabolic health in early life.
BMJ OPEN DIABETES RESEARCH & CARE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yunyan Zhang, Xianben Lu, Minjun Yang, Jiaolin Shangguan, Yanping Yin
Summary: The study found that GAS5 abundance increased in AS patient serums and ox-LDL-induced cells, while miR-135a decreased. GAS5 acted as a sponge for miR-135a to regulate inflammatory response and oxidative stress in AS progression.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juan Manuel Martinez-Soto, Maria del Carmen Candia-Plata, Luis Fernando Lopez-Soto, Jesus Adriana Soto-Guzman, Alma Yolanda Camacho-Villa, Gerardo Alvarez-Hernandez, Ana Lourdes Mata-Pineda, Jose Manuel Galvan-Moroyoqui
Summary: This pilot study indicates that increased serum ferritin may be associated with elevated oxLDL in patients with prediabetes, suggesting that elevated ferritin levels could contribute to the progression of prediabetes. Further research is needed to establish a causal relationship between iron disruption metabolism and oxLDL generation in prediabetic conditions.
Article
Hematology
Mazen S. Albaghdadi, Ryutaro Ikegami, Mohamad B. Kassab, Joseph A. Gardecki, Mie Kunio, Mohammed M. Chowdhury, Ramzi Khamis, Peter Libby, Guillermo J. Tearney, Farouc A. Jaffer
Summary: The study shows that NIRAF is associated with lipid and oxidative stress, generated through oxidized lipid-driven oxidative stress, and supports ceroid as a source of NIRAF in human atherosclerosis.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)