Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tohru Ogihara, Makoto Mino
Summary: When evaluating the nutritional status of preterm infants, it is important to compare the data with healthy term infants and consider the gestational age rather than birth weight. There is limited data on the correlation between gestational age and vitamin E concentrations in preterm infants, and the oxidizability of polyunsaturated fatty acids is lower in preterm infants. Clinical trials of vitamin E supplementation in preterm infants have mostly been unsuccessful, and there is a need for further research in modern neonatal medicine.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
T. Angelov
Summary: Physicochemical characteristics such as pKa and lipophilicity parameter play a crucial role in determining the properties and biological activity of compounds. Utilizing HPLC methods can help overcome challenges related to solubility and purity of investigated substances. High lipophilicity parameter contributes to enhanced biological action through better interaction with cellular membranes.
JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY & RELATED TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David Kahoun, Pavla Fojtikova, Frantisek Vacha, Marie Cizkova, Roman Vodicka, Eva Novakova, Vaclav Hypsa
Summary: A reliable method was developed to determine the content of B vitamins in the blood of different vertebrates, providing valuable background information for understanding the general principles of insect symbiosis.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mathias L. Hansen, Adelina Pellicer, Simon Hyttel-Srensen, Ebru Ergenekon, Tomasz Szczapa, Cornelia Hagmann, Gunnar Naulaers, Jonathan Mintzer, Monica Fumagalli, Gabriel Dimitriou, Eugene Dempsey, Jakub Tkaczyk, Guoqiang Cheng, Siv Fredly, Anne M. Heuchan, Gerhard Pichler, Hans Fuchs, Saudamini Nesargi, Gitte H. Hahn, Salvador Piris-Borregas, Jan Sirc, Miguel Alsina-Casanova, Martin Stocker, Hilal Ozkan, Kosmas Sarafidis, Andrew O. Hopper, Tanja Karen, Beata Rzepecka-Weglarz, Serife S. Oguz, Luis Arruza, Asli C. Memisoglu, Ruth del Rio Florentino, Mariana Baserga, Pierre Maton, Anita C. Truttmann, Isabel de las Cuevas, Peter Agergaard, Pamela Zafra, Lars Bender, Ryszard Lauterbach, Chantal Lecart, Julie de Buyst, Afif El-Khuffash, Anna Curley, Olalla O. Vaccarello, Jan Miletin, Evangelia Papathoma, Zachary Vesoulis, Giovanni Vento, Luc Cornette, Laura S. Lopez, Beril Yasa, Anja Klamer, Massimo Agosti, Olivier Baud, Emmanuele Mastretta, Merih Cetinkaya, Karen McCall, Shujuan Zeng, Eleftheria Hatzidaki, Agata Bargiel, Sylwia Marciniak, Xiaoyan Gao, Lin Huijia, Lina Chalak, Ling Yang, Shashidhar A. Rao, Xin Xu, Begona L. Gonzalez, Maria Wilinska, Zhaoqing Yin, Iwona Sadowska-Krawczenko, Itziar Serrano-Vinuales, Barbara Krolak-Olejnik, Marta M. Ybarra, Catalina Morales-Betancourt, Peter Korcek, Marta Teresa-Palacio, Fabio Mosca, Anja Hergenhan, Nilgun Koksal, Konstantia Tsoni, Munaf M. Kadri, Claudia Knoepfli, Elzbieta Rafinska-Wazny, Mustafa S. Akin, Tone Nordvik, Zhang Peng, Sinem G. Kersin, Liesbeth Thewissen, Ana Alarcon, David Healy, Berndt Urlesberger, Muenevver Bas, Jana Baumgartner, Eleni Skylogianni, Veronika Karadyova, Eva Valverde, Elena Bergon-Sendin, Jachym Kucera, Silvia Pisoni, Le Wang, Anne Smits, Rebeca Sanchez-Salmador, Marie I. Rasmussen, Markus H. Olsen, Aksel K. Jensen, Christian Gluud, Janus C. Jakobsen, Gorm Greisen
Summary: A multicenter, randomized trial found that treatment guided by cerebral oximetry monitoring for the first 72 hours after birth did not reduce the risk of death or severe brain injury at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age in extremely preterm infants.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Claire L. Granger, Christopher A. Lamb, Nicholas D. Embleton, Lauren C. Beck, Andrea C. Masi, Jeremy M. Palmer, Christopher J. Stewart, Janet E. Berrington
Summary: The study found that total IgA and secretory IgA in preterm mothers' milk were highest in colostrum, decreasing over 3 weeks with minimal impact from gestation. IgA was detected in infant stool in the first week for breast milk-fed infants, while formula-fed infants did not show detectable levels until the third week. Handling processes halved IgA levels available to infants.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Brenda Poindexter
Summary: Probiotic products in the US and Canada are increasingly used in preterm infants, despite lacking FDA approval and sufficient evidence on safety and efficacy. The use of dietary supplement-grade probiotics raises concerns due to potential contamination and lack of regulation. As such, universal administration of probiotics to preterm infants is not recommended based on current evidence.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rhandi Christensen, Pradeep Krishnan, Gabrielle DeVeber, Nomazulu Dlamini, Daune MacGregor, Elizabeth Pulcine, Mahendranath Moharir
Summary: This study focused on preterm infants with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) and found that most infants were symptomatic at presentation, with common thrombosis sites being the transverse and superior sagittal sinuses. Brain lesions were mainly located in the white matter, and half of the infants had neurological deficits at follow-up. Anticoagulation treatment for preterm CVST in this small cohort appeared to be safe, but larger studies are needed.
Article
Immunology
Jaime Fergie, Mina Suh, Xiaohui Jiang, Jon P. Fryzek, Tara Gonzales
Summary: This study found an increase in the burden and severity of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalizations and all-cause bronchiolitis hospitalizations among otherwise healthy 29-34 weeks' gestational age infants aged <6 months after 2014. The American Academy of Pediatrics' recommendation change regarding palivizumab usage may have contributed to this increase.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Dustin D. Flannery, Erika M. Edwards, Sarah A. Coggins, Jeffrey D. Horbar, Karen M. Puopolo
Summary: This study examines the epidemiology, microbiology, and outcomes of late-onset sepsis among very preterm infants in the United States. The findings reveal a significant proportion of infants suffering from late-onset sepsis, particularly those born at the lowest gestational ages. Infected infants have higher mortality rates and survivors are at increased risk of technology-dependent chronic morbidities.
Article
Pediatrics
Dustin D. Flannery, Erika M. Edwards, Karen M. Puopolo, Jeffrey D. Horbar
Summary: This study investigated the epidemiology and microbiology of early-onset sepsis (EOS) among very preterm infants from 2018 to 2019. The findings revealed an incidence rate of 13.5 per 1000 very preterm births, with Escherichia coli and group B Streptococcus being the most common pathogens. Infected infants had longer hospital stays and lower survival rates, emphasizing the need for novel preventive strategies.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Agnese Sbrollini, Martina Mancinelli, Ilaria Marcantoni, Micaela Morettini, Virgilio Paolo Carnielli, Laura Burattini
Summary: An adaptive algorithm was proposed for real-time bradycardia identification in preterm infants, adjusting the baseline heart rate (BHR) based on recent heart rate (HR) data. The adaptive algorithm outperformed the standard algorithm in assessing the correlation between bradycardia metrics and health indicators in preterm infants.
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Krystle Perez, Mihai A. Puia-Dumitrescu, Bryan A. R. Comstock, Thomas R. E. Wood, Dennis E. J. Mayock, Patrick J. E. Heagerty, Sandra E. Juul
Summary: Infections are a major cause of neonatal death in extremely preterm infants. This study analyzed data from a trial to evaluate the incidence, pathogenesis, and outcomes of sepsis in these infants. Of the included infants, 24% had positive blood cultures. Early onset sepsis occurred in 6% of infants, with Coagulase negative Staphylococci and Escherichia Coli as the most frequent pathogens. Late onset sepsis occurred in 20% of infants. Antibiotic use for presumed sepsis was higher than confirmed infection rates. This study highlights the need for further research on antibiotic stewardship and culture-negative sepsis in extremely preterm infants.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mia O. Bjerager, Bo M. Hansen, Frederik Sorensen, Jes R. Petersen, Kristian V. Jensen, Brian R. Hjelvang, Anna C. Hvelplund, Dorte A. Olsen, Aneta A. Nielsen, Julie L. Forman, Ivan Brandslund, Gorm Greisen, Carina Slidsborg
Summary: This study aimed to establish healthy reference levels for growth parameters and glucose metabolites in preterm infants. The findings showed that ill preterm infants had higher glucose levels and glycated albumin values, and lower levels of biomarkers containing proteins. Additionally, postnatal growth was continuously decreased in ill infants.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chitong Rao, Katharine Z. Coyte, Wayne Bainter, Raif S. Geha, Camilia R. Martin, Seth Rakoff-Nahoum
Summary: The gut microbiota in preterm infants develops predictably, with the environment, host, and microorganism interactions all potentially shaping the dynamics. The study used multi-kingdom absolute abundance quantification to investigate the absolute dynamics of bacteria, fungi, and archaea in a cohort of preterm infants, uncovering microbial blooms, extinctions, and microbe-microbe interactions. The research reveals the centrality of interactions between microorganisms in shaping host-associated microbiota, providing insights for microbiota ecology and interventions.
Article
Pediatrics
Haslina Binti Abdul Hamid, Lisa Szatkowski, Helen Budge, Shalini Ojha
Summary: The study found that among very preterm infants in neonatal units in England and Wales, 15.8% were diagnosed with GORD and 36.9% received anti-reflux medications. Despite evidence suggesting their ineffectiveness and potential harm, these medications were still frequently prescribed to preterm infants.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Robert W. Koerner, Carsten Mueller, Bernhard Roth, Anne Vierzig
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2013)
Review
Virology
Robert W. Koerner, Mohamed Majjouti, Miguel A. Alejandre Alcazar, Esther Mahabir
Article
Pediatrics
Robert Walter Koerner, Lutz Thorsten Weber
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of COVID-19 among children and adolescents in Cologne, Germany during the reopening period of schools and day care facilities. Findings suggested that the cautious reopening did not lead to a significant increase in COVID-19 infections among the younger population, indicating low prevalence at the end of the observation period.
KLINISCHE PADIATRIE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Meike Meyer, Anna Holfter, Esra Ruebsteck, Henning Gruell, Felix Dewald, Robert Walter Koerner, Florian Klein, Clara Lehmann, Christoph Huenseler, Lutz Thorsten Weber
Summary: A study conducted in Germany from January to June 2021 found that the Alpha variant was predominant among pediatric patients, but there was no evidence to suggest that children infected with the Alpha variant displayed more severe symptoms or had a more severe clinical course. Common symptoms included fever, cough, and rhinitis.
Letter
Dermatology
R. W. Koerner, C. Velmans, G. Dueckers, I. Tantcheva-Poor
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Robert Walter Koerner, Maria Soderlund-Venermo, Silke van Koningsbruggen-Rietschel, Rolf Kaiser, Monika Malecki, Oliver Schildgen
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2011)
