Article
Psychology, Developmental
Kelsey K. Wiggs, Rosanna Breaux, Joshua M. Langberg, James L. Peugh, Stephen P. Becker
Summary: This study examines the sleep differences in adolescents with ADHD who use stimulant medication. The findings suggest that stimulant treatment does not significantly affect the sleep of adolescents with ADHD.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Jeffrey D. Shahidullah, Holly Roberts, John Parkhurst, Rachel Ballard, Jennifer A. Mautone, John S. Carlson, Benedetto Vitiello
Summary: Psychotropic medications are commonly used for school-aged youth with mental health concerns. This paper provides an overview of current evidence for psychotropic medications in this population, including research trials and appropriate medications. Key findings regarding the current state of science and practice are highlighted to offer a nuanced perspective on the role of psychopharmacology within a comprehensive approach to care for children and families.
Review
Psychiatry
Zoe Haime, Andrew J. Watson, Nadia Crellin, Louise Marston, Eileen Joyce, Joanna Moncrieff
Summary: This review investigated the effects of medications with sedative properties on social cognition, finding that diazepam impairs emotion recognition in healthy volunteers. The impact of benzodiazepines on other aspects of social cognition and the effects of antipsychotics remain unclear. More robust studies are needed to evaluate the influence of these medications on social cognition.
Article
Neurosciences
Joseph Sadek
Summary: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) assessment is challenging due to malingering or feigning of symptoms, as well as the abuse and diversion of stimulant medication. Recent literature suggests several reasons for malingering and faking ADHD symptoms, including obtaining drugs for performance enhancement, accessing additional services and benefits, recreational use, and illegal selling. Self-report rating measures have proven to be easily simulated by patients without ADHD, making it difficult to detect false positives. This article highlights clinical factors for detecting malingering during ADHD assessment and discusses available tests.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Rachel T. S. Chow, Daniel Whiting, Louis Favril, Edoardo Ostinelli, Andrea Cipriani, Seena Fazel
Summary: This study aimed to comprehensively summarize the extent and quality of evidence for adverse effects associated with antipsychotic use. The study found that endocrine and metabolic, movement-related, and sedation and sleep problems were the clinical domains with the strongest evidence.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Iman Idrees, Alessio Bellato, Samuele Cortese, Madeleine J. Groom
Summary: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the impacts of stimulant and non-stimulant medications on autonomic functioning in individuals with ADHD. We searched multiple databases for relevant studies and included a variety of measures for autonomic activity. The findings suggest that both stimulants and non-stimulants can increase heart rate and blood pressure in individuals with ADHD, and stimulant use is associated with increased arousal as indicated by electrodermal activity and pupil diameter. However, the diverse methodologies employed in the included studies highlight the need for more standardized and rigorous research to fully elucidate the relationship between arousal, medication, and behavior in ADHD.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Susmita Chandramouleeshwaran, Waqas U. Khan, Fiona Inglis, Tarek K. Rajji
Summary: This systematic review examined the cognitive impact of different classes of psychotropic medications on older adults. The findings suggest that the cumulative use of benzodiazepines and certain antidepressants is associated with cognitive decline in older adults. Additionally, the use of antipsychotics and psychotropic combinations is also linked to cognitive decline in this population.
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Michelle R. Doyle, Lindsey N. Peng, Jianjing Cao, Kenner C. Rice, Amy Hauck Newman, Gregory T. Collins
Summary: Despite years of research, there are currently no FDA-approved medications for treating stimulant use disorders. Preclinical studies have shown that candidate medications can reduce self-administration of stimulants in animals, but this effect is not consistently observed in humans. This may be due to the fact that most preclinical studies do not accurately replicate the dysregulated and/or compulsive drug-taking patterns seen in individuals with stimulant use disorders. However, this study found that drugs targeting dopamine D3 or 5-HT2C receptors can effectively reduce these abnormal drug-taking patterns, highlighting their potential for treating stimulant use disorders.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
M. A. Alvarez-Mon, Cielo Garcia-Montero, Oscar Fraile-Martinez, Javier Quintero, Sonia Fernandez-Rojo, Fernando Mora, Luis Gutierrez-Rojas, Rosa M. Molina-Ruiz, Guillermo Lahera, Melchor Alvarez-Mon, Miguel A. Ortega
Summary: Research has shown that serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) can have more effective and faster antidepressant effects than other common medications, such as serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), for major depressive disorder (MDD). The SNRI duloxetine has been found to be favorable in clinical practice for treating MDD, anxiety, and fibromyalgia. Through an online survey, psychiatrists' knowledge and experience, as well as patients' preferences, symptoms, and well-being, were collected and compared with scientific literature, leading to the conclusion that duloxetine is widely accepted due to its tolerability, effectiveness, and versatility in various situations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuan-Chi Yang, Mohammed Ali Al-Garadi, Jennifer S. Love, Hannah L. F. Cooper, Jeanmarie Perrone, Abeed Sarker
Summary: Traditional substance use (SU) surveillance methods, such as surveys, have substantial lags and are often outdated. Social media-based sources provide timely insights, but lack fine-grained statistics about subpopulations. The study developed methods to automatically characterize a large Twitter nonmedical prescription medication use (NPMU) cohort and demonstrated that accurate subpopulation-specific estimates about SU can be derived from Twitter.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Qin Xiang Ng, Ming Xuan Han, Seth En Teoh, Clyve Yu Leon Yaow, Yu Liang Lim, Kuan Tsee Chee
Summary: This systematic review found that gabapentin and pregabalin do not have significant clinical efficacy as either monotherapy or adjunctive therapy for bipolar disorder. While small open-label trials suggest a potential adjunctive role, their effectiveness in acute mania is questionable, and their long-term effects on bipolar disorder outcomes are unclear. The evidence base was limited by small sample sizes and heterogeneous trial designs with high risk of bias.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Anees Bahji, Lia Mesbah-Oskui
Summary: This study reviewed the efficacy and safety of using psychostimulant medications to treat depression, with some psychostimulants, like methylphenidate, showing effectiveness and good tolerability for depression and related symptoms. However, due to small sample sizes and few RCTs, the strength of evidence in the estimates was generally considered low to very low, highlighting the need for additional high-quality RCTs to confirm the findings.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alaa A. Abd-Alrazaq, Mohannad Alajlani, Nashva Ali, Kerstin Denecke, Bridgette M. Bewick, Mowafa Househ
Summary: The study found that patients have overall positive perceptions and opinions about chatbots for mental health. To be useful in clinical practice, future research should address the linguistic capabilities of chatbots and the harmonization of chatbot content with individual treatment recommendations.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mina Tadrous, Ahmad Shakeri, Cherry Chu, Jennifer Watt, Muhammad M. Mamdani, David N. Juurlink, Tara Gomes
Summary: A cohort study found that stimulant use was associated with an early increase in cardiovascular events among older adults, with no association for long-term use.
Article
Surgery
Margaret Berrigan, Jasmine Austrie, Aaron Fleishman, Kenneth P. Tercyak, Martin R. Pollak, Martha Pavlakis, Vinayak Rohan, Prabhakar K. Baliga, Liise K. Kayler, Thomas H. Feeley, James R. Rodrigue
Summary: The study found that most African Americans show a high level of interest in ApoL1 testing, especially as potential living donors. Factors such as older age, perceived kidney disease risk, interest in genetics, and genetics self-efficacy were positively associated with interest in ApoL1 testing.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
