Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Nurit Viesel-Nordmeyer, Ute Ritterfeld, Wilfried Bos
Summary: This study investigated the co-occurrence of learning difficulties in linguistic and mathematical skills in children. Findings showed that children with linguistic difficulties partially caught up, while those with mathematical difficulties did not overcome their competence gap compared to typically developing children.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Hyun Jo, Minsu Kim, Hyeontae Cho, Bo-Keun Ha, Sungtaeg Kang, Jong Tae Song, Jeong-Dong Lee
Summary: This study identified a potential gene, Glyma.05g221500 (HD), on chromosome 5 of soybean that controls elevated ALA concentration. The gene, a homeodomain-like transcriptional regulator, may regulate the expression level of microsomal omega-3 fatty acid desaturase genes to reduce the omega-6/omega-3 ratio in seeds. The combination of mutant alleles HD and FAD2-1 was found to be sufficient to lower the omega-6/omega-3 ratio in populations where these genes were segregated.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Miriam Ouadih-Moran, Antonio Munoz-Hoyos, Luis D'Marco, Antonio Molina-Carballo, Isabel Seiquer, Ana Checa-Ros
Summary: This study found that ADHD patients had significantly increased levels of S100B, and that S100B concentrations gradually increased after triple therapy. These results support the hypothesis of a neuroinflammatory basis in ADHD and the damaging effect on glial function.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kamila P. Liput, Adam Lepczynski, Magdalena Ogluszka, Agata Nawrocka, Ewa Polawska, Agata Grzesiak, Brygida Slaska, Chandra S. Pareek, Urszula Czarnik, Mariusz Pierzchala
Summary: It is recommended to reduce saturated fatty acids (SFA) and increase polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) n-3 and n-6 in the diet to lower the risk of metabolic disorders. Western-type diet often contains excessive n-6 PUFAs and a high n-6/n-3 ratio. Oxylipins derived from n-3 and n-6 PUFAs play a role in inflammation, while PUFAs have varying effects on cell growth, proliferation, and neoplastic lesion progression, as observed in in vitro studies, animal models, and epidemiological studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Borasio, Valentina De Cosmi, Veronica D'Oria, Silvia Scaglioni, Marie-Louise Eva Syren, Stefano Turolo, Carlo Agostoni, Marilena Coniglio, Massimo Molteni, Alessandro Antonietti, Maria Luisa Lorusso
Summary: The study investigates the associations between PUFA blood levels, nutritional status, and reading ability. Significant correlations were found between PUFA levels and reading scores, with fatty acids mediating the association between reading speed and nutritional status. Additionally, reading speed performances moderated the associations between blood PUFA levels and dietary intake. The findings suggest that reading skills are influenced by a complex interplay of factors, including fatty acids and nutritional status.
Article
Psychiatry
Eric T. Monson, Andrey A. Shabalin, Anna R. Docherty, Emily DiBlasi, Amanda Bakian, Qingqin S. Li, Douglas Gray, Brooks Keeshin, Sheila E. Crowell, Niamh Mullins, Virginia L. Willour, Hilary Coon
Summary: The study identified clinical and genetic factors associated with suicide death risk in bipolar disorder, particularly highlighting dysregulated traumatic response as a risk factor among individuals with BP of Northern European ancestry. These findings may guide more aggressive treatment and prevention of trauma sequelae within at-risk bipolar individuals.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Roxana Coras, Brian Pedersen, Rekha Narasimhan, Anahy Brandy, Lourdes Mateo, Agueda Prior-Espanol, Arthur Kavanaugh, Aaron M. Armando, Mohit Jain, Oswald Quehenberger, Melania Martinez-Morillo, Monica Guma
Summary: The study revealed that arthritis symptoms in older adults were related to disturbances in serum oxylipins, suggesting that certain oxylipins may be key effectors in arthritis in this population.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qi Sun, Ning Gao, Weiliang Xia
Summary: This study found a negative correlation between omega-3 and omega-6 levels and the risk of cholelithiasis. Individuals with low serum omega-3/6 levels should be aware of the risk of cholelithiasis.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ivana Djuricic, Philip C. Calder
Summary: Oxidative stress and inflammation are important contributors to chronic non-communicable diseases. Different types of fatty acids have varying effects on chronic diseases, with moderate intake of Ω-6 fatty acids lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases and Ω-3 fatty acids helping to reduce inflammation levels.
Article
Psychiatry
Milla Salonen, Salla Mikkola, Emma Hakanen, Sini Sulkama, Jenni Puurunen, Hannes Lohi
Summary: This study examined the associations between personality traits and unwanted behavioral traits in dogs. The results showed that dog personality traits resemble human personality traits and are associated with similar patterns of unwanted behaviors. This suggests that dogs may be a suitable animal model for studying human behavior and psychiatric disorders.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Supriyanto Supriyanto, Zulhamsyah Imran, Rhomi Ardiansyah, Brian Auliyai, Aditya Pratama, Faustinus Kadha
Summary: Sacha Inchi, a Peruvian seed with high levels of unsaturated fatty acids, has been studied under different cultivation conditions in order to determine its adaptability and effects on seed production and oil quality. The results showed that seed productivity was highest in open area cultivation, while oil yield was highest in mixed cultures. The content of Omega-3 was highest in the agroforestry condition, while Omega-6 and Omega-9 were highest in the open area.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mahmoud Alagawany, Shaaban S. Elnesr, Mayada R. Farag, Karim El-Sabrout, Othman Alqaisi, Mahmoud A. O. Dawood, Hidayatullah Soomro, Sameh A. Abdelnour
Summary: The balance between omega-3, omega-6, and omega-9 fatty acids is crucial for the formation of cell membranes and various biological processes. Dietary administration of these fatty acids can improve the quality of poultry and animal meat. Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory effects and can improve oxidative properties and immunity. High levels of omega-6 fatty acids are linked to disorders such as depression and heart disease, while omega-3 fatty acids have positive impacts on cholesterol levels and reduce the occurrence of coronary heart disease.
ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Daan van Rooij, Yanli Zhang-James, Jan Buitelaar, Stephen V. Faraone, Andreas Reif, Oliver Grimm
Summary: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that can be associated with other disorders. This study used machine learning algorithms to analyze the brain morphology of individuals with ADHD and comorbid depression, substance use disorder (SUD), and obesity. The results suggest that the current methods cannot differentiate between ADHD with or without comorbidities.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Akemi T. Wijayabahu, Angela M. Mickle, Volker Mai, Cynthia Garvan, Toni L. Glover, Robert L. Cook, Jinying Zhao, Marianna K. Baum, Roger B. Fillingim, Kimberly T. Sibille
Summary: The study found that shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a measure of cellular aging, is associated with elevated inflammatory cytokines and chronic pain. Micronutrients such as vitamin D and omega 3, which have anti-inflammatory properties, are also found to be associated with LTL and chronic pain. The complex relationships between anti-inflammatory micronutrients, inflammation, cellular aging, and chronic pain are highlighted in this study.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abdul Rohman, Anjar Irnawati, Anjar Windarsih, Florentinus Dika Octa Riswanto, Gunawan A. Indrayanto, Nurrulhidayah Fadzillah, Sugeng Riyanto, Nor Kartini Abu Bakar
Summary: Marine-based products, especially fish oils, are the main sources of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. The quality assurance of these products is crucial, and spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques are commonly used for their quantitative analysis. Gas and liquid chromatography, coupled with sophisticated detectors such as mass spectrometers, offer sensitive and specific results suitable for routine quality control.
