Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Konstantin Mechler, Tobias Banaschewski, Sarah Hohmann, Alexander Hage
Summary: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Treatment options for ADHD include psychoeducation, pharmacological interventions, and non-pharmacological interventions. There is a need for improvement in current pharmacotherapeutic strategies and the development of novel medications.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Che-Sheng Chu, Shih-Jen Tsai, Ju-Wei Hsu, Kai-Lin Huang, Chih-Ming Cheng, Tung-Ping Su, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Ya-Mei Bai, Chih-Sung Liang, Mu-Hong Chen
Summary: The study found that the progression rate from ADHD to BD is 5.12% among adolescents and young adults. Risk factors for progression include older age, comorbidity with other mental disorders, and alcohol use. Protective factors identified were male sex and certain personality disorders.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Lanliu Deng, Ping Zhou, Lin Zhu, Yu Zhang, Ting Yang, Qiuxia Zhao, Jie Chen, Tingyu Li, Qian Cheng, Li Chen
Summary: This study found that the physical growth indexes of school-age children and adolescents with ADHD were negatively affected while taking MPH, but these effects were gradually mitigated with continued treatment. ATX had minor effects on weight and BMI. It is important for clinicians to consider children's diet during treatment.
PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hsin-Yi Fan, Cheuk-Kwan Sun, Yu-Shian Cheng, Weilun Chung, Ruu-Fen Tzang, Hsien-Jane Chiu, Chun-Ning Ho, Kuo-Chuan Hung
Summary: This study provides a systematic review and analysis of the effectiveness of electroencephalogram-based neurofeedback (EEG-NF) in treating the core symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents/adults. The results suggest that EEG-NF can effectively improve inattention symptoms, but its effectiveness in reducing hyperactivity/impulsivity remains inconclusive.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tien-Wei Hsu, Mu-Hong Chen, Che-Sheng Chu, Shih-Jen Tsai, Ya-Mei Bai, Tung-Ping Su, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Chih-Sung Liang
Summary: This study found that children, adolescents, and young adults with ADHD have a higher risk of migraine, and the risk is not associated with the dosage of ADHD medications.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susu Qu, Xiangyu Zhou, Zhicheng Wang, Yi Wei, Han Zhou, Xinshuang Zhang, Qingjie Zhu, Yanmin Wang, Quanjun Yang, Likun Jiang, Yuan Ma, Yuan Gao, Lei Kong, Li Zhang
Summary: By studying the single-cell resolution of Drosophila, we found that methylphenidate and atomoxetine have different effects on neuronal and glial cells, as well as distinct transcriptional changes. Methylphenidate has a stronger response on dopamine receptor genes, while the effect of atomoxetine is relatively weaker.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Eric J. Barnett, Joseph Biederman, Alysa E. Doyle, Jonathan Hess, Maura DiSalvo, Stephen Faraone
Summary: In this study, we found that the use of polygenic risk scores can modestly identify the presence of mood disorders. These findings extend evidence for transdiagnostic genetic components of psychiatric illness and demonstrate that PRSs calculated using traditional diagnostic boundaries can be useful within a transdiagnostic framework.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Karl Josef Foehr, Ariadni Nastos, Michael Fauler, Thomas Zimmer, Bettina Jungwirth, David Alexander Christian Messerer
Summary: Atomoxetine is a neuroactive drug approved for the treatment of ADHD, known for blocking the noradrenaline transporter but also showing interactions with NMDA receptors. It has been found to inhibit sodium channels in a state- and use-dependent manner in heart muscle, with potential antiarrhythmic properties.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yoon Jae Cho, Bokyoung Shin, Sung-Ha Lee, Sangmin Park, Yoon-Keun Kim, Jae-Jin Kim, Eunjoo Kim
Summary: This study analyzed urine microbiome profiles to explore the potential of the urine microbiome as a biomarker for pediatric ADHD. The ADHD group showed decreased alpha diversity and significant beta diversity differences compared to the control group. The genus Afipia exhibited significant correlations with ADHD symptoms, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for ADHD.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Simone Pisano, Gianluca Sesso, Vincenzo Paolo Senese, Gennaro Catone, Annarita Milone, Gabriele Masi
Summary: The study confirmed the two-correlated factor structure of CHT and found its correlations with different clinical symptoms. CHTQ total scores can discriminate patients from healthy controls, while the differences in CHTQ subscale scores among clinical groups are relatively small.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ann C. Childress, Kenisha R. Yu, Lewis Cuthbertson
Summary: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common and impairing mental disorder that affects individuals throughout the day. Impaired functioning in children and adolescents with ADHD, including in the early morning, can increase stress on caregivers. Treatments that are available upon awakening have shown to statistically separate from placebo for early morning functioning improvement in patients with ADHD.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elke Opper, Olga Kunina-Habenicht, Doris Oriwol, Anke Hanssen-Doose, Janina Krell-Roesch, Robert Schlack, Annette Worth, Alexander Woll
Summary: This study examined the development of muscular fitness and coordination in children and adolescents with and without ADHD over an 11-year period. The results showed that participants with ADHD had lower coordinative performance, and this difference persisted throughout the study period.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Kelsey K. Wiggs, Rosanna Breaux, Joshua M. Langberg, James L. Peugh, Stephen P. Becker
Summary: This study examines the sleep differences in adolescents with ADHD who use stimulant medication. The findings suggest that stimulant treatment does not significantly affect the sleep of adolescents with ADHD.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Morgan M. Grotewiel, Megan E. Crenshaw, Amelia Dorsey, Elizabeth Street
Summary: Hyperfocus and flow are intense concentration experiences associated with reduced perception of irrelevant stimuli and improved task performance. Hyperfocus has been historically seen as a symptom of ADHD, autism, or schizophrenia, while flow is regarded as an enjoyable experience in positive psychology. Recent studies suggest that hyperfocus and flow may be the same phenomenon viewed from different perspectives.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Casey Crump, Jan Sundquist, Kristina Sundquist
Summary: This study aimed to examine the risks of ADHD in preterm and early term birth survivors and found that both preterm and early term birth were associated with increased risks of ADHD in males and females, independently of other covariates and shared familial factors.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)