Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosario Baltazar-Lara, Jose Avila-Mendoza, Carlos G. Martinez-Moreno, Martha Carranza, Santiago Pech-Pool, Olivia Vazquez-Martinez, Mauricio Diaz-Munoz, Maricela Luna, Carlos Aramburo
Summary: GH and IGF-1 have been shown to have protective effects against neural damage, leading to increased cell viability and decreased apoptosis and necrosis in embryonic chicken cerebellar cell cultures exposed to acute HI injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Eduardo Sanches, Yohan van de Looij, Sadou Sow, Audrey Toulotte, Analina da Silva, Laura Modernell, Stephane Sizonenko
Summary: This study demonstrates that lactoferrin (Lf) supplementation attenuates acute and long-term cerebral injuries caused by hypoxia-ischemia in a dose-dependent manner. The optimal dose of 1 g/kg of Lf showed the best effects, reducing brain volume decreases and other detrimental effects. The research emphasizes the need for better understanding of Lf's effects and potential harmful effects on immature brains.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Helene Roumes, Pierre Goudeneche, Luc Pellerin, Anne-Karine Bouzier-Sore
Summary: Polyphenols, including resveratrol, have potential neuroprotective effects against neonatal hypoxia-ischemia-induced damage due to their anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative properties, and may enhance brain energy metabolism. Maternal supplementation at nutritional doses shows promising results and could be a novel prophylactic treatment for neonatal hypoxia-ischemia.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jose Martinez-Orgado, Maria Villa, Aaron del Pozo
Summary: CBD shows neuroprotective effects in newborn pigs and rodents with HIBI, modulating the major components of HIBI pathophysiology. It has the potential to be an effective treatment for neonatal HIBI.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Jia Liu, Yakun Gu, Mengyuan Guo, Xunming Ji
Summary: The brain, as the organ with the highest oxygen demand, has poor tolerance to ischemia and hypoxia. Ischemic/hypoxic preconditioning has been studied as an effective strategy to improve tolerance and is considered significant in treating CNS diseases. It involves multiple protective mechanisms and is a research frontier in neurotherapy, with challenges in translating from basic research to clinical application.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bongki Cho, Seung-Jun Yoo, So Yeon Kim, Chang-Hun Lee, Yun-Il Lee, Seong-Ryong Lee, Cheil Moon
Summary: In this study, divergently modified peptide analogs derived from EPO showed potent neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress without inducing cell proliferation. One of the peptides, ML1-h3, exhibited unique binding potency to EPOR and inhibited neuronal death and brain injury under hypoxic stress.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eduardo Sanches, Yohan van de Looij, Dini Ho, Laura Modernell, Analina da Silva, Stephane Sizonenko
Summary: Combining early oral administration of lactoferrin with whole body hypothermia can enhance neuroprotection in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, preventing lactate accumulation, reducing inflammation, and mitigating brain damage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yan Mi, Kun Jiao, Ji-kai Xu, Kun Wei, Jing-yu Liu, Qing-qi Meng, Ting-ting Guo, Xue-ni Zhang, Di Zhou, De-gang Qing, Yu Sun, Ning Li, Yue Hou
Summary: The study explored the effect of kellerin on cerebral ischemia and its possible mechanisms using MCAO model and LPS-activated microglia model. Kellerin improved neurological outcome, reduced brain infarct size, and alleviated neuron damage by inhibiting microglial activation under pathologic conditions of focal cerebral ischemia. In in vitro studies, kellerin protected neuronal cells from damage by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, ROS generation, and NADPH oxidase activity.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kahlilia C. Morris-Blanco, Anil K. Chokkalla, Mario J. Bertogliat, Raghu Vemuganti
Summary: The study demonstrates that TET3 plays a role in ischemic neuroprotection by regulating the levels of 5hmC at gene promoter regions, modulating multiple neuroprotective pathways, and potentially improving outcomes following ischemic injury.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Biology
Sarah Kolnik, Thomas R. Wood
Summary: Vitamin E has potential as a neuroprotectant in newborn infants with brain injury, but its effectiveness in clinical settings is still uncertain. Recent studies have shown that fat emulsions containing higher levels of Vitamin E can improve outcomes in neonatal co-morbidities, leading to a reconsideration of Vitamin E administration as a potential therapeutic modality. This review discusses the structure, mechanism(s) of action, evidence in animal models, and association with health outcomes in neonates, highlighting the need for further research and assessment of safety profiles before large clinical trials.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Felicia P. Lotze, Matthias L. Riess
Summary: The study found that P188 has a protective and reparative effect on Mouse Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (MBEC) after traumatic brain injury (TBI), particularly in cases of mild-to-moderate injury. Furthermore, the presence of P188 can directly impact the cells' metabolic activity and total nitric oxide production. Therefore, P188 may be a potential drug for TBI treatment.
Review
Neurosciences
L. E. Duran-Carabali, F. K. Odorcyk, E. F. Sanches, M. M. de Mattos, F. Anschau, C. A. Netto
Summary: Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in newborns, and there is currently no definitive treatment for this condition. This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of articles on environmental enrichment (EE) in HI rodent models. The results showed that EE had a beneficial impact on neurodevelopmental reflexes, motor and cognitive function, as well as brain damage. Factors such as study quality, age at injury, and duration of EE exposure influenced the positive effects of EE. Overall, EE showed promise as a therapeutic strategy for HI.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sven Schnichels, Maximilian Schultheiss, Patricia Klemm, Matthias Blak, Thoralf Herrmann, Marion Melchinger, Karl-Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt, Marina Loescher, Guenther Zeck, Martin Stehphan Spitzer, Jose Hurst
Summary: This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of Cyclosporine A (CsA) on rat retinas, showing that a concentration of 9 μg/mL CsA had significant neuroprotective effects on retinal ganglion cells under hypoxic conditions without negative effects. Further in vivo studies are warranted to explore the potential of local CsA treatment for hypoxic retinal diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Sourajit Mukherjee, Sujit Kumar Sikdar
Summary: The research found that both the full-length and shorter splice variants of hTREK-1 channel exhibit increased activity under conditions of hypoxia, high lactate, and low pH, demonstrating neuroprotective effects.
PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lorena Barata, Maria de Hoz-Rivera, Angela Romero, Maria Martinez, Laura Silva, Maria Villa, Leticia Campa, Laura Jimenez-Sanchez, Jose Martinez-Orgado
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective and behavioral effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on newborn piglets with hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury, and to explore the role of serotonin 5-HT1A receptor (5HT(1A)R) in these effects. The results showed that CBD prevented mood disturbances induced by HI in piglets through the activation of 5HT(1A)R. However, 5HT(1A)R activation seems to be necessary for CBD neuroprotection only in the first hours after HI.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Francesca Biagioni, Roberta Celli, Filippo Sean Giorgi, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Francesco Fornai
Summary: This article discusses the novel role of the piriform cortex in epileptic seizures and its modulation of AMPA receptors under the influence of mTORC1. The results show that the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin can mitigate the duration, severity, and brain damage of seizures.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Alessandra Caruso, Laura Ricceri, Angela Caruso, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Alessandra Gaetano, Sergio Scaccianoce
Summary: Adolescence is a critical period for brain development, and disturbances during this time can increase the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders. This study compared the effects of postweaning social isolation (PWSI) on inbred C57BL/6 N mice and BTBR mice, which are a model for autism spectrum disorders. The results showed that both PWSI mice and BTBR mice exhibited reduced social responsiveness and altered levels of certain receptors in the brain, suggesting that absence of social stimuli during adolescence can induce a phenotype similar to autism spectrum disorders.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Roberta Celli, Pasquale Striano, Rita Citraro, Luisa Di Menna, Milena Cannella, Tiziana Imbriglio, Mahmoud Koko, Euro Epinomics-Cogie Euro Epinomics-Cogie Consortium, Giovambattista De Sarro, James A. Monn, Giuseppe Battaglia, Gilles van Luijtelaar, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Emilio Russo, Antonio Leo
Summary: Previous studies suggest that modulation of mGlu3 receptors may be a potential treatment for absence epilepsy. This study found that mGlu3 receptor expression and signaling were decreased in the somatosensory cortex and thalamus of epileptic rats, and selective activation of mGlu3 receptors reduced seizures and depressive-like behavior. However, no association was found between genetic variants of GRM3 and absence epilepsy.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Federica Mastroiacovo, Francesca Biagioni, Paola Lenzi, Gloria Lazzeri, Michela Ferrucci, Stefano Puglisi-Allegra, Alessandro Frati, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Francesco Fornai
Summary: This study investigates the dysfunction of autophagolysosomes in the penumbra area during ischemia and its impact on cell clearing systems, highlighting the importance of rescuing these systems to improve neuronal survival.
Article
Neurosciences
Serena Notartomaso, Serena Boccella, N. Antenucci, Flavia Ricciardi, Francesco Fazio, F. Liberatore, P. Scarselli, M. Scioli, Giada Mascio, V. Bruno, Giuseppe Battaglia, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Sabatino Maione, Livio Luongo
Summary: Cinnabarinic acid (CA), a trace metabolite of kynurenine, activates mGlu4 and Ah receptors and has analgesic effects on inflammatory and neuropathic pain. This study demonstrates that the modulation of pain thresholds by CA depends on the recruitment of mGlu4 and Ah receptors.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Cristina Sanfilippo, Paola Castrogiovanni, Manlio Vinciguerra, Rosa Imbesi, Martina Ulivieri, Francesco Fazio, Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg, Michelino Di Rosa
Summary: This study found that high levels of CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 in the brains of AD patients are associated with inflammatory transcriptomic signatures. High CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 expression is associated with inflammatory features, while low expression is associated with neuronal activation. Gene ontology analysis revealed immune response as a main biological process based on the common genes regulated by the two chitinases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniele Armocida, Carla Letizia Busceti, Francesca Biagioni, Francesco Fornai, Alessandro Frati
Summary: The complex carcinogenesis of glial tumors involves many genetic and epigenetic phenomena. Cellular prion protein (PrPC) and autophagy play important roles in cell death and tumorigenesis, and their interaction is involved in glioma carcinogenesis. Despite limited research on their combined activity, understanding their molecular mechanisms and pathways can provide valuable insights into the origin and treatment of glioma. This study explores the role of PrPC in autophagy processes and its interplay with glioma tumorigenesis, providing a basis for future research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Paola Lenzi, Carla L. L. Busceti, Gloria Lazzeri, Rosangela Ferese, Francesca Biagioni, Alessandra Salvetti, Elena Pompili, Valerio De Franchis, Stefano Puglisi-Allegra, Alessandro Frati, Michela Ferrucci, Francesco Fornai
Summary: Cells from glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) show increased levels of the mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), which adversely affects malignancy and disease progression. The up-regulation of mTOR inhibits autophagy, which is important for the neurobiology of GBM. This study investigates the relationship between abnormal levels of cellular prion protein (PrPc), mitochondrial alterations, and mTOR inhibition in GBM cells.
Article
Cell Biology
Francesca Liberatore, Nico Antenucci, Daniel Tortolani, Giada Mascio, Federico Fanti, Manuel Sergi, Giuseppe Battaglia, Valeria Bruno, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Mauro Maccarrone, Serena Notartomaso
Summary: Research has shown that using mGlu1 receptor PAM can partially correct learning deficits in SCA1 mouse models, restore memory retention, and increase levels of endocannabinoid anandamide in the hippocampus.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Carla Letizia Busceti, Albino Carrizzo, Franca Bianchi, Massimiliano De Lucia, Antonio Damato, Chiara Cazzin, Eleonora Venturini, Paola Di Pietro, Roxana Paula Ginerete, Luisa Di Menna, Maria Cotugno, Rosita Stanzione, Simona Marchitti, Serena Migliarino, Michele Ciccarelli, Sebastiano Sciarretta, Valeria Bruno, Giuseppe Battaglia, Francesco Fornai, Massimo Volpe, Speranza Rubattu, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Carmine Vecchione
Summary: Dkk3 plays a crucial role in cardiovascular homeostasis, and its deficiency leads to hypertension and impaired vascular function, which can be rescued by restoring Dkk3 expression. This effect is achieved through promoting VEGF expression and activating the VEGF/Akt/eNOS hypotensive pathway.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberto Pinelli, Michela Ferrucci, Caterina Berti, Francesca Biagioni, Elena Scaffidi, Violet Vakunseth Bumah, Carla L. Busceti, Paola Lenzi, Gloria Lazzeri, Francesco Fornai
Summary: This article discusses the role of light in altering autophagy in both the outer retina and inner choroid. Autophagy is crucial for maintaining metabolic requirements and providing physiological activity for vision. The activation or inhibition of autophagy in the retinal pigment epithelium and outer segment of photoreceptors is dependent on light exposure. This also affects the choroid's involvement in providing blood flow and metabolic substrates. Dysfunction in autophagy can lead to degenerative conditions like age-related macular degeneration (AMD), highlighting the importance of understanding autophagy status in this area.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniele Armocida, Alessandro Pesce, Mauro Palmieri, Fabio Cofano, Giuseppe Palmieri, Paola Cassoni, Carla Letizia Busceti, Francesca Biagioni, Diego Garbossa, Francesco Fornai, Antonio Santoro, Alessandro Frati
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between EGFR mutation and the disease course, prognosis, and diagnostic imaging of brain metastases (BMs) from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The results showed a significant correlation between EGFR mutation and the size and edema volume of BMs, as well as the incidence of seizures.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberto Pinelli, Michela Ferrucci, Francesca Biagioni, Caterina Berti, Violet Vakunseth Bumah, Carla Letizia Busceti, Stefano Puglisi-Allegra, Gloria Lazzeri, Alessandro Frati, Francesco Fornai
Summary: The role of autophagy in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is to clear reactive oxidative species and dysfunctional mitochondria. Impaired autophagy leads to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, causing retinal degeneration. Autophagy in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is induced by stimuli like light and phytochemicals, and their synergistic effects enhance retinal structure and visual acuity. Light-dependent beneficial antioxidant effects can be achieved by combining light pulses with phytochemicals in AMD.