期刊
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
卷 127, 期 19, 页码 4103-4109出版社
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/jcs.144899
关键词
Arf small GTP-binding protein; Golgi; Lipid transport; Membrane contact site; Plasma membrane; Vesicle trafficking
类别
资金
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche
- Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
The Arf small G proteins regulate protein and lipid trafficking in eukaryotic cells through a regulated cycle of GTP binding and hydrolysis. In their GTP-bound form, Arf proteins recruit a specific set of protein effectors to the membrane surface. These effectors function in vesicle formation and tethering, non-vesicular lipid transport and cytoskeletal regulation. Beyond fundamental membrane trafficking roles, Arf proteins also regulate mitosis, plasma membrane signaling, cilary trafficking and lipid droplet function. Tight spatial and temporal regulation of the relatively small number of Arf proteins is achieved by their guanine nucleotide-exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), which catalyze GTP binding and hydrolysis, respectively. A unifying function of Arf proteins, performed in conjunction with their regulators and effectors, is sensing, modulating and transporting the lipids that make up cellular membranes. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we discuss the unique features of Arf small G proteins, their functions in vesicular and lipid trafficking in cells, and how these functions are modulated by their regulators, the GEFs and GAPs. We also discuss how these Arf functions are subverted by human pathogens and disease states.
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