Article
Ophthalmology
Susannah Waxman, Bryn L. Brazile, Bin Yang, Po-Yi Lee, Yi Hua, Alexandra L. Gogola, Po Lam, Andrew P. Voorhees, Joseph F. Rizzo, Tatjana C. Jakobs, Ian A. Sigal
Summary: The spatial interrelation between vascular and collagen networks in the lamina cribrosa was analyzed. The percentage of collagen beams with/without vessels and the percentage of vessels inside/outside of collagen beams were quantified in 3D. The results showed that the vascular and collagenous networks were clearly distinct in the lamina cribrosa, challenging the traditional notion that each beam contains a vessel and all vessels are within beams.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Kazuya Oikawa, Leandro B. C. Teixeira, Adib Keikhosravi, Kevin W. Eliceiri, Gillian J. McLellan
Summary: By studying the optic nerve head structure in domestic cats, researchers have found similarities with humans and non-human primates, including diverse cell types and a robust collagen structure, which could be crucial in enhancing the understanding of the pathological processes in glaucomatous optic neuropathy.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jurandyr Pimentel Neto, Lara Caetano Rocha-Braga, Carolina dos Santos Jacob, Andre Neri Tomiate, Adriano Polican Ciena
Summary: This study investigated the morphology and molecular adaptations of the myotendinous junction (MTJ) in the biceps brachii muscle of adult Wistar rats subjected to different ladder-based protocols. The results showed that ladder exercise promoted the reorganization of muscle and collagen tissue and development of the sarcomeres and myotendinous interface. Immunofluorescence analysis also revealed the presence of cells adjacent to the MTJ region. These findings provide valuable insights into the remodeling of the MTJ and its potential applications in proteomic and genetic analysis.
Review
Cell Biology
Andrii Klymenko, David Lutz
Summary: Schwann cells exhibit remarkable plasticity in nerve regeneration, adapting their shape, clearing myelin debris, and regulating extracellular matrix protein expression. External circadian cues and the hormone melatonin can modulate Schwann cell activity, suggesting that circadian rhythmicity may be a vital aspect of neuroregeneration.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Po-Yi Lee, Bin Yang, Yi Hua, Susannah Waxman, Ziyi Zhu, Fengting Ji, Ian A. Sigal
Summary: This study evaluated the imaging capability of instant polarized light microscopy (IPOL) for important aspects of the architecture and dynamics of the optic nerve head (ONH). The results showed that IPOL can capture details of collagen fiber orientation, density, and morphology with high temporal and spatial resolutions. The study also revealed the complex biomechanics of the ONH, including the deformation of collagen fibers in the peripapillary sclera (PPS) and lamina cribrosa (LC) under load, as well as the heterogeneous deformation of LC pores.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Charlotte Philippart, Rossella Masciangelo, Alessandra Camboni, Jacques Donnez, Marie-Madeleine Dolmans
Summary: In frozen-thawed tissue, the basal lamina surrounding prepubertal follicles is less mature than around adult follicles, but it becomes similar after grafting in both prepubertal and adult subjects.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tsai-Jung Wu, Sheng-Hung Wang, Eric Sheng-Wen Chen, Hsiu-Hui Tsai, Yi-Chieh Chang, Yi-Hsin Tseng, John Yu
Summary: This study found that loss of collagen and decline of core fucosylation were observed in COPD lung tissues, revealing the role of core fucosylation of SPARC in cell-matrix communication and abnormal alveolar structures in COPD.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Elena Kotsyuba, Vyacheslav Dyachuk
Summary: This study characterizes the distribution and potential colocalization of ChAT, 5-HT, and FMRFamide in the CNS of the Asian shore crab. The coexpression of these neurotransmitters appears to be functionally significant, mainly in regions of the CNS with multiple afferent projections and outputs involved in various physiological and behavioral processes. This finding provides insights into the process of co-transmission in crustaceans.
CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jun Wang, Jie Li, Qian Yang, Ya-Kai Xie, Ya-Lan Wen, Zhen-Zhong Xu, Yulong Li, Tianle Xu, Zhi-Ying Wu, Shumin Duan, Han Xu
Summary: The basal forebrain plays a causal role in controlling prosocial behavior by disinhibiting VTA dopamine neurons, with SST inhibitory neurons being activated during social interaction to target GABA rather than DA neurons and decrease DA release in nucleus accumbens, revealing a previously unknown function of BF in prosocial behavior.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Developmental Biology
Stanimir A. Tashev, Daisy Parsons, Cameron Hillman, Shelley Harris, Emma M. Lofthouse, Patricia Goggin, David S. Chatelet, Jane K. Cleal, Neil Smyth, Helen Palaiologou, Anton Page, Rohan M. Lewis
Summary: This study quantified the folding of the syncytiotrophoblast basal plasma membrane and its contribution to surface area, as well as visualized the three-dimensional structure of the basal membrane and cytotrophoblast cells. The findings suggest that the folding of the basal membrane significantly increases its surface area, potentially affecting nutrient transport capacity and fetal growth.
Article
Cell Biology
Noosha Yousefpour, Samantha Locke, Haley Deamond, Chengyang Wang, Lucas Marques, Manon St-Louis, Johanne Ouellette, Arkady Khoutorsky, Yves De Koninck, Alfredo Ribeiro-da-Silva
Summary: Neuropathic pain is a debilitating condition caused by nerve system damage, and the imbalance of spinal excitation and inhibition is believed to contribute to it. Little is known about the structural basis of this imbalance. Through a preclinical model of neuropathic pain, researchers have found that microglia selectively engulf spinal synapses of central neurons but not peripheral sensory neurons. They also discovered that the removal of inhibitory and excitatory synapses occurs in different temporal patterns, with microglia-mediated inhibitory synapse removal happening before excitatory synapse removal. Additionally, they observed a gradual increase in complement depositions on dorsal horn synapses, which corresponds to the temporal pattern of microglial synapse pruning activity and specific synapse loss.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hannah J. Riley, Ryan R. Kelly, An O. Van Laer, Lily S. Neff, Shaoni Dasgupta, Catalin F. Baicu, Lindsay T. McDonald, Amanda C. LaRue, Michael R. Zile, Amy D. Bradshaw
Summary: In this study, it was demonstrated in a murine model of cardiac fibrosis induced by LVPO that SPARC expression by bone marrow-derived cells is critical for driving cardiac fibrosis and increasing cardiac macrophages. The findings suggest that SPARC plays a key role in fibrotic deposition of collagen and expansion of myocardial macrophages in response to chronic pressure overload.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hongtao Chen, Jiang Cao, Sheng Zhang, Tao Sui, Kaixiang Yang, Xiaojian Cao
Summary: This study aimed to determine the anatomical feasibility of transferring T9 or T11 ventral roots to L2 ventral roots and T10 or T12 ventral roots to L3 ventral roots in restoring lower limb function after spinal cord injury. The feasibility was confirmed through dissection of cadavers, showing that the procedure is anatomically feasible for restoring lower limb function.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hongtao Chen, Jiang Cao, Sheng Zhang, Tao Sui, Kaixiang Yang, Xiaojian Cao
Summary: The study aimed to determine the anatomical feasibility of transferring T9 or T11 ventral root to L2 ventral root, and T10 or T12 ventral root to L3 ventral root in restoring lower limb function after spinal cord injury, with results indicating that this method is anatomically feasible.
Article
Cell Biology
Tao Wang, Andrea Wagner, Renate Gehwolf, Wenjin Yan, Fabian S. Passini, Christine Thien, Nadja Weissenbacher, Zhen Lin, Christine Lehner, Huajian Teng, Claudia Wittner, Qiujian Zheng, Jin Dai, Ming Ni, Allan Wang, John Papadimitriou, Toby Leys, Rocky S. Tuan, Sasha Senck, Jess G. Snedeker, Herbert Tempfer, Qing Jiang, Ming H. Zheng, Andreas Traweger
Summary: The SPARC protein plays a critical role in the mechanobiology of tendons, essential for tendon tissue maturation and homeostasis. Its absence may lead to impaired tendon development and injuries. In vitro experiments and mouse models confirmed the importance of SPARC in tendon tissue.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)