Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Matthew A. Burchill, Jeffrey M. Finlon, Alyssa R. Goldberg, Austin E. Gillen, Petra A. Dahms, Rachel H. McMahan, Anne Tye, Andrew B. Winter, Julie A. Reisz, Eric Bohrnsen, Johnathon B. Schafer, Angelo D'Alessandro, David J. Orlicky, Michael S. Kriss, Hugo R. Rosen, Rebecca L. McCullough, Beth A. Jiron Tamburini
Summary: This study focuses on how normal liver functions are affected during the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and the impact of inflammatory mediators on lymphatic vasculature in the liver. The findings suggest that in NASH, there is an expansion of the lymphatic vasculature which leads to downregulation of genes essential for lymphatic identity and function. Furthermore, exposure to oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) reduces lymphatic permeability in the liver, resulting in decreased protein homeostasis and increased inflammation during chronic liver disease.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Christian Mouchati, Jared C. Durieux, Sokratis N. Zisis, Danielle Labbato, Michael A. Rodgers, Kate Ailstock, Brian L. Reinert, Nicholas T. Funderburg, Grace A. McComsey
Summary: A study found that post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) is associated with increased gut permeability and oxidized lipids. Further research on the effects of the gut and oxidized lipids on PASC development is crucial.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Fangfang Zhao, Liyuan Zhong, Yumin Luo
Summary: The blood-brain barrier is a complex neurovascular unit that protects neurons and maintains stability of the central nervous system, with endothelial glycocalyx playing a critical role in its structure and functions. Damage to glycocalyx can lead to dysfunction and neurological diseases, highlighting the importance of research in providing theoretical basis for diagnosis and treatment.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yifei Dong, Charlotte D'Mello, William Pinsky, Brian M. Lozinski, Deepak K. Kaushik, Samira Ghorbani, Dorsa Moezzi, Dennis Brown, Francisca C. Melo, Stephanie Zandee, Tina Vo, Alexandre Prat, Shawn N. Whitehead, V. Wee Yong
Summary: Oxidized phosphatidylcholines (OxPCs) found in MS lesions are potent drivers of neurodegeneration, with microglia ameliorating the effects by neutralizing OxPCs that kill neurons and oligodendrocytes. Depletion of microglia exacerbates neurodegeneration in OxPC lesions, while enhancing microglia-mediated OxPC clearance via TREM2 could help prevent neurodegeneration in MS.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Dylan J. Kendrick, Ramesh C. Mishra, Cini Mathew John, Hai-Lei Zhu, Andrew P. Braun
Summary: This study examined the potential contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to intrinsic myogenic contractility in resistance arteries. The results suggest that ROS contribute to myogenic contractility in small resistance arteries, and different inhibitors have varying effects on resistance arteries.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Longfei Wu, Haiqing Song, Chi Zhang, Anxin Wang, Bowei Zhang, Chiyu Xiong, Xianbo Zhuang, Yingzhuo Zang, Chenghao Li, Qi Fang, Chuanqiang Qu, Lihua Wang, Mei Zhang, Hao Li, Xiaoli Wang, Yanan Li, Lei Xia, Zhigang Yao, Zhi Nie, Ying Gao, Xunming Ji
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of Xuesaitong soft capsules in patients with ischemic stroke through a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. The results showed that compared with the control group, Xuesaitong soft capsules significantly increased functional independence at 3 months and had good safety. Therefore, Xuesaitong soft capsules may be a safe and effective alternative therapy to improve prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kai Wang, Wentao Zhou, Xiangyu Jin, Xuwei Shang, Xiaomei Wu, Lijuan Wen, Sufen Li, Yiling Hong, Jia Ke, Yichong Xu, Hong Yuan, Fuqiang Hu
Summary: Ischemic stroke, with its high morbidity, disability, and mortality, lacks effective pharmacological treatment options. An investigation into the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and regional cerebral blood flow changes over 24 hours in rats with ischemic strokes revealed that hypoperfusion and increased BBB permeability are major obstacles for targeted drug delivery. The nitric oxide donor hydroxyurea (HYD) was found to enhance liposome transport across brain endothelial monolayer in vitro by downregulating tight junction proteins and increasing intracellular nitric oxide content. HYD also increased BBB permeability and improved microcirculation, and when combined with hypoxia-sensitive liposomes, it effectively reduced cerebral infarction volume and relieved neurological dysfunction in rats with ischemic strokes.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alexander P. Young, Jiequan Zhu, Amina M. Bagher, Eileen M. Denovan-Wright, Susan E. Howlett, Melanie E. M. Kelly
Summary: The study revealed that aged rats have higher myogenic tone in cerebral arteries, a loss of ETB receptor activity, and an increase in ETA receptor expression, compared to young rats. This suggests that in aging vasculature, there is a shift towards ETA receptors in regulating cerebral blood flow, highlighting potential clinical implications for treating conditions with reduced cerebral perfusion in older adults.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ying-Chen Chen, Bing-Ze Lu, Yu-Chen Shu, Yuan-Ting Sun
Summary: This study found that cerebral microangiopathy with increased blood-brain barrier leakage occurs early in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), before the appearance of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) on MRI. The involvement of white matter and gray matter is different in T2DM-related CSVD, and there are distinct features and mechanisms compared to other CSVDs.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Li Lin, Ning Zhou, Le Kang, Qi Wang, Jian Wu, Xiaoyan Wang, Chunjie Yang, Guoping Zhang, Yunqin Chen, Hong Jiang, Ruizhen Chen, Xiangdong Yang, Aijun Sun, Hui Gong, Jun Ren, Hiroshi Akazawa, Komuro Issei, Junbo Ge, Cheng Yang, Yunzeng Zou
Summary: This study found that ox-LDL induces cardiac hypertrophy through LOX-1 and AT1-R receptors rather than AngII. Direct binding of LOX-1 and AT1-R, as well as activation of downstream Gq protein, are important mechanisms of ox-LDL-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
In-Chul Lee, Jong-Sup Bae
Summary: The study revealed that aloin can inhibit the inflammatory response induced by PolyP, which was confirmed in experiments, demonstrating its potential for treating systemic inflammatory diseases.
JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hye-Jung Moon, Suk-Heung Oh, Ki-Bum Park, Youn-Soo Cha
Summary: This study investigated the alleviating effects of kimchi and Leuconostoc mesenteroides DRC 1506 on ulcerative colitis (UC). Mice were orally given a dose of 1 x 10(9) CFU/day of freeze-dried kimchi suspension and DRC for 3 weeks, and UC was induced with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The results showed that the kimchi and DRC groups reduced colitis symptoms and improved the inflammatory response and mucosal barrier function in the colon.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kathryn Prame Kumar, Liam D. Mckay, Huynh Nguyen, Jasveena Kaur, Jenny L. Wilson, Althea R. Suthya, Sonja J. Mckeown, Helen E. Abud, Connie H. Y. Wong
Summary: This study investigated the mechanisms underlying gut permeability after stroke. The findings showed that stroke increased gut permeability, and at 24 hours after stroke onset, there was increased expression of genes associated with fructose metabolism, as well as hyperplasia of intestinal crypts and goblet cells, indicating a compensatory response to the impaired gut barrier. Furthermore, the study revealed that stroke-induced gut permeability was mediated by activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Muyu Situ, Ali Francisco Citalan-Madrid, Svetlana M. Stamatovic, Richard F. Keep, Anuska V. Andjelkovic
Summary: The study reveals that Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) causes dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), triggering intense proinflammatory responses and cognitive decline. Age exacerbates BBB injury in CAA vasculopathy, playing a significant role in the effects of amyloid beta (Aβ).
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mimmi Rehnstrom, Hilda Ahnstedt, Diana N. Krause, Marie Louise Edvinsson, Kristian Agmund Haanes, Lars Edvinsson
Summary: This study found that sex hormones do not directly affect vasoconstrictive changes following ischemic stroke, but the loss of ovarian function does impact this process.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)