Article
Ophthalmology
Linya Li, Shaoqing He, Yang Liu, Thomas Yorio, Dorette Z. Ellis
Summary: The study found that sigma-1r plays a vital role in the survival of retinal ganglion cells, with activation and/or transgenic expression of sigma-1r attenuating the apoptotic pathway and restoring RGC number and function following optic nerve crush.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Lei Gu, Jacky M. Kwong, Joseph Caprioli, Natik Piri
Summary: Rbfox1 is a multifunctional RNA binding protein that plays key roles in regulating alternative splicing and cell survival under stress. Deletion of Rbfox1 in retinal ganglion cells results in decreased survival and severe degeneration, indicating its importance in neuronal functions and survival mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Feng Pan, Dan Hu, Li-Juan Sun, Qian Bai, Yu-Sheng Wang, Xu Hou
Summary: The study shows that Valproate reduces apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in rats after optic nerve-crush injury by attenuating phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha-C/EBP homologous protein signaling and caspase-12 activation during endoplasmic reticulum stress. These findings represent a newly discovered mechanism that regulates how valproate protects neurons.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ben Mead, Alicia Kerr, Naoki Nakaya, Stanislav I. Tomarev
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the miRNA profile of purified retinal ganglion cells (RGC) from healthy and diseased rat retina. Over 100 different miRNAs were identified in diseased retina compared to healthy retina. Manipulating candidate mRNAs after retinal injury revealed significant neuroprotection and neuritogenesis effects in RGC.
Review
Cell Biology
Nicole A. Muench, Sonia Patel, Margaret E. Maes, Ryan J. Donahue, Akihiro Ikeda, Robert W. Nickells
Summary: Mitochondrial function and dysfunction play important roles in neurodegeneration, especially in RGCs which are highly vulnerable due to their unique structure. Glaucoma represents a combination of events at the optic nerve head that increase metabolic stress on RGC axons, leading to axonal transport failure. Additionally, RGCs are sensitive to genetic mutations affecting mitochondrial dynamics and clearance, often resulting in optic neuropathy as the sole pathological defect.
Article
Immunology
Feifei Wang, Yuning Song, Peiyu Liu, Fangli Ma, Zhida Peng, Yulian Pang, Haijian Hu, Ling Zeng, Hongdou Luo, Xu Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to confirm the effect of intravitreal injection of RAPA on RGCs and explore the underlying mechanism. The results showed that RAPA reduced the activation of glial cells and inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors in the retina. Furthermore, RAPA exerted protective effects on RGC axons by inhibiting glial activation and regulating the mTOR/ROCK pathway.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiao-Xue Fan, Ze-Yu Cao, Min-Xuan Liu, Wen-Jun Liu, Zhi-Liang Xu, Peng-Fei Tu, Zhen-Zhong Wang, Liang Cao, Wei Xiao
Summary: The study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism of DGMI in retinal ganglion cells apoptosis. Results showed that DGMI can decrease cell apoptosis by modulating MAPKs signaling pathways.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jacky M. K. Kwong, Joseph Caprioli, Joanne C. Y. Lee, Yifan Song, Feng-Juan Yu, Jingfang Bian, Ying-Hon Sze, King-Kit Li, Chi-Wai Do, Chi-Ho To, Thomas Chuen Lam
Summary: This study investigated the proteomic changes in the retina after optic nerve transection in rats. Using high-resolution mass spectrometry, they identified several differentially expressed proteins related to retinal ganglion cell damage, such as ALDH1A1 and SNCG.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jacky M. K. Kwong, Joseph Caprioli, Ying H. Sze, Feng J. Yu, King K. Li, Chi H. To, Thomas C. Lam
Summary: Retinal proteins associated with primary and secondary RGC degeneration were investigated using SWATH label-free and target-based mass spectrometry. Different proteomic profiles were found in response to localized optic nerve injury, indicating potential roles in RGC loss and cell death.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Lingyi Ouyang, Tao He, Yiqiao Xing
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Park7 on the survival and function of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice, as well as its underlying mechanism. The results showed that downregulation of Park7 exacerbated RGC injury and impaired retinal electrophysiological response and optomotor response. The study found that Park7 may exert neuroprotective effects via the Keap1-Nrf2-HO-1 signaling pathway, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for optic neuropathy.
GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jie Chen, Hui Li, Changming Yang, Yinjia He, Tatsuo Arai, Qiang Huang, Xiaodong Liu, Linqing Miao
Summary: Traumatic nerve injury activates cell stress pathways, resulting in neuronal death and loss of vital neural functions. This study found that the citrus component naringenin provides neuroprotection through the inhibition of JUN phosphorylation in the JNK-JUN pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fa Yuan, Mingwei Wang, Kangxin Jin, Mengqing Xiang
Summary: The text discusses the pathogenesis of glaucoma and the characteristics of RGCs, highlighting the differences in regenerative abilities post-injury and the latest research findings. It proposes potential directions for future therapeutics in treating neurodegenerative diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Michiel W. E. De Boeck, Bruno Cozzi, Jean-Marie Graic
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the visual system of multiple toothed whales, focusing on the neurological aspects such as the optic nerve and retina. The research found species-specific differences in the optic nerve and retinal characteristics among toothed whale species and other reference species. The study provides important anatomical evidence for the visual adaptations of toothed whales.
Article
Ophthalmology
Tae Kyeom Kang, Tam Thi Le, Kyung-A Kim, Young-Joo Kim, Wook-Bin Lee, Sang Hoon Jung
Summary: Lithospermum erythrorhizon has potent wound healing, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Extracts from this plant have been shown to protect retinal cells in vitro and in vivo, with lithospermic acid A identified as a key compound responsible for its antioxidant effects. This suggests that Lithospermum erythrorhizon could be a beneficial agent for treating retinal degenerative diseases such as glaucoma.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Syed A. H. Zaidi, Zhimin Xu, Tahira Lemtalsi, Porsche Sandow, Sruthi Athota, Fang Liu, Stephen Haigh, Yuqing Huo, S. Priya Narayanan, David J. R. Fulton, Modesto A. Rojas, Abdelrahman Y. Fouda, Robert W. Caldwell, Ruth B. Caldwell
Summary: This study demonstrates that cell-specific expression of A2 plays a neurotoxic role in optic nerve crush-induced retinal neurodegeneration. Deletion of A2 in neurons expressing Calb2 limits ONC-induced retinal neurodegeneration and improves visual function.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Shi Song Rong, Shi Yao Lu, Kenji Matsushita, Chukai Huang, Christopher K. S. Leung, Rumi Kawashima, Shinichi Usui, Pancy O. S. Tam, Alvin L. Young, Motokazu Tsujikawa, Mingzhi Zhang, Kohji Nishida, Janey L. Wiggs, Clement C. Tham, Chi Pui Pang, Li Jia Chen
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xu Cao, Jasmine Yung, Heather Mak, Christopher K. S. Leung
Letter
Ophthalmology
Christopher K. S. Leung
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jing Na He, Shiyao Lu, Li Jia Chen, Pancy Oi Sin Tam, Bi Ning Zhang, Christopher Kai Shun Leung, Chi Pui Pang, Clement Chee Yung Tham, Wai Kit Chu
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Bo Gong, Houbin Zhang, Lulin Huang, Yuhong Chen, Yi Shi, Pancy Oi-Sin Tam, Xianjun Zhu, Yi Huang, Bo Lei, Periasamy Sundaresan, Xi Li, Linxin Jiang, Jialiang Yang, Ying Lin, Fang Lu, Lijia Chen, Yuanfeng Li, Christopher Kai-Shun Leung, Xiaoxin Guo, Shanshan Zhang, Guo Huang, Yaqi Wu, Tongdan Zhou, Ping Shuai, Clement Chee-Yung, Nicole Weisschuh, Subbaiah Ramasamy Krishnadas, Christian Mardin, Andre Reis, Jiyun Yang, Lin Zhang, Yu Zhou, Ziyan Wang, Chao Qu, Peter X. Shaw, Chi-Pui Pang, Xinghuai Sun, Weiquan Zhu, Dean Yaw, Francesca Pasutto, Zhenglin Yang
GENETICS IN MEDICINE
(2019)
Article
Ophthalmology
Feihui Zheng, Marco Yu, Christopher Kai-Shun Leung
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Hoi Ching Suen, Yan Qian, Jinyue Liao, Chun Shui Luk, Wing Tung Lee, Judy Kin Wing Ng, Thomas Ting Hei Chan, Hei Wan Hou, Ingrid Li, Kit Li, Wai-Yee Chan, Bo Feng, Lin Gao, Xiaohua Jiang, Yuen Hang Liu, John A. Rudd, Robin Hobbs, Huayu Qi, Tsz Kin Ng, Heather Kayew Mak, Kai Shun Leung, Tin-Lap Lee
STEM CELLS AND DEVELOPMENT
(2019)
Article
Ophthalmology
Ken Wu, Chen Lin, Alexander Ka-Ngai Lam, Leo Chan, Christopher Kai-Shun Leung
Article
Optics
Zhongya Qin, Sicong He, Chao Yang, Jasmine Sum-Yee Yung, Congping Chen, Christopher Kai-Shun Leung, Kai Liu, Jianan Y. Qu
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Ophthalmology
Mandy Oi Man Wong, Isabel S. W. Lai, Poemen Puiman Chan, Noel C. Y. Chan, Alison Y. Y. Chan, Gilda W. K. Lai, Vivian S. M. Chiu, Christopher Kai-Shun Leung
Summary: This study compared the intraocular pressure lowering effect and safety profile between pattern scanning laser trabeculoplasty (PSLT) and selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT) over a 12-month follow-up, and found no significant differences in terms of lowering intraocular pressure and safety between the two methods.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Christopher Kai Shun Leung, Seraph Tianmin Ren, Poemen Pui Man Chan, Kelvin Ho Nam Wan, Aziz Ka Wai Kam, Gilda Wing Ki Lai, Vivian Sheung Man Chiu, Match Wai Lun Ko, Cedric Ka Fai Yiu, Marco Chak Yan Yu
Summary: This study aims to investigate the effect of nicotinamide riboside (NR) on optic nerve degeneration in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). The study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, observing the effect of 300 mg NR or placebo treatment for 24 months. The primary outcome measure is the rate of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning over 24 months.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Christopher Kai Shun Leung, Alexander Ka Ngai Lam, Robert Neal Weinreb, David F. Garway-Heath, Marco Yu, Philip Yawen Guo, Vivian Sheung Man Chiu, Kelvin Ho Nam Wan, Mandy Wong, Ken Zhongheng Wu, Carol Yim Lui Cheung, Chen Lin, Carmen Kar Mun Chan, Noel Ching Yan Chan, Ka Wai Kam, Gilda Wing Ki Lai
Summary: Optical texture analysis of the retinal nerve fibre layer, through an algorithm integrating thickness and reflectance measurements from standard wide-field optical coherence tomography, outperforms conventional tomographic analysis in the detection of optic neuropathies.
NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Christopher K. S. Leung, Philip Yawen Guo, Alexander K. N. Lam
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the patterns of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects in eyes with early glaucoma. The study found that defects in the papillofoveal and papillomacular bundles were common in early glaucoma and were associated with central visual field sensitivity loss at corresponding test locations.
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Tianmin Ren, Kevin C. Chan, Yu Yu, Shuk Han Ng, Heather Mak, Wong Ying Yip, Yolandi Van Der Merwe, Jasmine S. Yung, Sayan Biswas, Xu Cao, Ying Chau, Christopher Kai-Shun Leung
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2019)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Christopher Kai-Shun Leung, Zhong Heng Wu, Chen Lin
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sarah N. Kraeutner, Cristina Rubino, Jennifer K. Ferris, Shie Rinat, Lauren Penko, Larissa Chiu, Brian Greeley, Christina B. Jones, Beverley C. Larssen, Lara A. Boyd
Summary: This study examined the age-related changes in brain function and baseline brain structure that support motor skill acquisition. The findings showed that older adults experienced decreases in functional connectivity during motor skill acquisition, while younger adults experienced increases. Additionally, regardless of age group, lower baseline microstructure in a frontoparietal tract was associated with slower motor skill acquisition.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Karen Nuytemans, Farid Rajabli, Melissa Jean-Francois, Jiji Thulaseedhara Kurup, Larry D. Adams, Takiyah D. Starks, Patrice L. Whitehead, Brian W. Kunkle, Allison Caban-Holt, Jonathan L. Haines, Michael L. Cuccaro, Jeffery M. Vance, Goldie S. Byrd, Gary W. Beecham, Christiane Reitz, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance
Summary: This study conducted genetic research on African American AD families and identified a significant linkage signal associated with AD, highlighting the importance of diverse population-level genetic data in understanding the genetic determinants of AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kazuya Suwabe, Ryuta Kuwamizu, Kazuki Hyodo, Toru Yoshikawa, Takeshi Otsuki, Asako Zempo-Miyaki, Michael A. Yassa, Hideaki Soya
Summary: Physical exercise has a positive impact on hippocampal memory decline with aging. Recent studies have shown that even light exercise can improve memory and this improvement is mediated by the ascending arousal system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of light-intensity exercise on hippocampal memory function in healthy older adults and found that pupil dilation during exercise played a role in the memory improvement.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ajay Sood, Ana Werneck Capuano, Robert Smith Wilson, Lisa Laverne Barnes, Alifiya Kapasi, David Alan Bennett, Zoe Arvanitakis
Summary: The objective of this study was to explore the impact of metformin on cognition and brain pathology. The results showed that metformin users had slower decline in global cognition, episodic memory, and semantic memory compared to non-users. However, the relationship between metformin use and certain brain pathology remains uncertain.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Brian N. Lee, Junwen Wang, Molly A. Hall, Dokyoon Kim, Shana D. Stites, Li Shen
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory and functional impairments. This study analyzed participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and found differential associations between cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)/neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive/functional outcomes, as well as variations between sexes. These findings suggest that sex differences may play a role in the development of AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Madeline R. Hale, Rebecca Langhough, Lianlian Du, Bruce P. Hermann, Carol A. Van Hulle, Margherita Carboni, Gwendlyn Kollmorgenj, Kristin E. Basche, Davide Bruno, Leah Sanson-Miles, Erin M. Jonaitis, Nathaniel A. Chin, Ozioma C. Okonkwo, Barbara B. Bendlin, Cynthia M. Carlsson, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Tobey J. Betthauser, Sterling C. Johnson, Kimberly D. Mueller
Summary: This study demonstrates a relationship between cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and the ability to recall proper names in the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Thomas T. Austin, Christian L. Thomas, Ben Warren
Summary: This study investigated the effects of age on the robustness and resilience of auditory system using the desert locust. The researchers found that gene expression changes were mainly influenced by age rather than noise exposure. Both young and aged locusts were able to recover their auditory nerve function within 48 hours of noise exposure, but the recovery of transduction current magnitude was impaired in aged locusts. Key genes responsible for robustness to noise exposure in young locusts and potential candidates for compensatory mechanisms in auditory neurons of aged locusts were identified.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)