Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stefan Bartenschlager, Alexander Cavallaro, Tobias Pogarell, Oliver Chaudry, Michael Uder, Sundeep Khosla, Georg Schett, Klaus Engelke
Summary: Opportunistic screening is a promising technique for identifying individuals at high risk for osteoporotic fracture using CT scans. This study compared the performance of four existing phantomless calibration methods and found that precalibrated phantomless calibration methods performed well.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Louise Grahnemo, Maria Nethander, Eivind Coward, Maiken Elvestad Gabrielsen, Satya Sree, Jean-Marc Billod, Klara Sjogren, Lars Engstrand, Koen F. Dekkers, Tove Fall, Arnulf Langhammer, Kristian Hveem, Claes Ohlsson
Summary: In this study, the authors use data from the Norwegian HUNT cohort to investigate the association between gut microbial species and lean mass. They find that the presence of three bacterial species - Coprococcus comes, Dorea longicatena, and Eubacterium ventriosum - is associated with higher lean mass.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Robert C. Spiers, John H. Kalivas
Summary: Updating a calibration model with secondary samples without labeled analyte reference values is a challenge due to the complexity of model selection with multiple tuning parameters. A framework based on model diversity and prediction similarity (MDPS) is proposed for automatic model selection in such cases, showing promising results in selecting reliable updated models.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Mahdiyeh Ghaffari, Hamid Abdollahi
Summary: The study introduces a standardization method named Score-Augmented Projection-Based Standardization (SA-PBS) which addresses the issue of time and financial investments in reconstructing statistical models for novel instrumentation. SA-PBS extracts spectral sub-spaces containing interferents common to both the primary and secondary instruments using orthogonal projections, and selects a suitable subset from the primary instrument's recorded dataset using the Convex hull tool. The efficacy of SA-PBS is validated through quantitative analyses and comparative assessments against alternative standardization approaches.
CHEMOMETRICS AND INTELLIGENT LABORATORY SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
C. Winsor, X. Li, M. Qasim, C. R. Henak, P. J. Pickhardt, H. Ploeg, M. Viceconti
Summary: The study aimed to demonstrate, verify, and validate a process for selecting tissues for use in phantomless calibration, enabling patient specific finite element analysis for hip fracture risk prediction. Retrospective reanalysis of patient CT scans can improve the accuracy of predicting osteoporotic fractures. The presented method of estimating calibration equations from tissues shows promise for analyzing femoral fractures in retrospective cohorts without available calibration data.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thibault Sutter, Francois Duboeuf, Roland Chapurlat, Bernard Cortet, Eric Lespessailles, Jean-Paul Roux
Summary: This study evaluated the intra- and inter-center variability of body composition measurements between Hologic Discovery models, finding good stability and accuracy within centers but significant variability between centers.Cross calibration and corrective factors are needed for multicentric studies adjustment.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alexandra K. Calor, Dana F. J. Yumani, Mirjam M. van Weissenbruch
Summary: The research indicates that fat intake in the first postnatal weeks is positively associated with BMC and BMD at term corrected age, while protein and fat intake in the early weeks of life can predict BMD at six months corrected age. These findings suggest that early nutritional intervention is crucial for bone health in the first months of life.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ewa Jowko, Barbara Dlugolecka, Igor Cieslinski, Jadwiga Kotowska
Summary: The aim of this study was to identify relevant factors that affect bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in young, healthy men reaching peak bone mass. The results showed that age, BMI, engaging in combat and team sports at a competitive level, and certain genetic polymorphisms were significant predictors of BMD/BMC at different skeletal sites. Specifically, the SOD2 AG genotype was associated with lower BMC values, while the VDR FokI GG genotype was associated with lower BMD. However, the CALCR AG genotype was linked to higher arm BMD. These findings suggest that sports training may mitigate the negative impact of genetic factors on bone tissue and reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
A. J. Miles, Robert W. Janes, B. A. Wallace
Summary: Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is a widely-used method in biochemistry, structural biology, and pharmaceutical chemistry. This tutorial review provides an overview of the background to the technique, good practice methods for data collection, and available tools for experimental design, interpretation, data processing, and analysis.
CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Min Liu, Shimin Wang, Hu Chen, Yunsong Liu
Summary: Standardized radiographs produced by using the paralleling technique are crucial for monitoring prosthetic misfit and marginal bone levels around endosseous implants. In clinical settings, positioning devices are necessary for the parallel adjustment of the film to the implant. This article presents the fabrication process of a custom CAD-CAM device suitable for implants adjacent to natural teeth.
JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jordan R. Kuiper, Joseph M. Braun, Antonia M. Calafat, Bruce P. Lanphear, Kim M. Cecil, Aimin Chen, Yingying Xu, Kimberly Yolton, Heidi J. Kalkwarf, Jessie P. Buckley
Summary: Pregnancy phthalate exposures were found to be positively associated with increased bone mineral density Z-scores in early adolescence, with different patterns of associations observed between males and females. Further research is needed to determine the long-term implications for skeletal health.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
C. Kasper, P. Schlegel, I. Ruiz-Ascacibar, P. Stoll, G. Bee
Summary: Studies in animal science show that DXA measurements may not perfectly match dissections or chemical analyses, requiring calibration equations. Predictions related to body composition and single nutrient content in pigs show promising results, with potential for creating generic regression equations that yield reliable estimates. DXA could be a useful tool for high-throughput phenotyping in genetic studies, efficiently measuring body composition in a wide range of animals.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xuemei Liao, Shanshan Chen, Mengyang Su, Xuanrui Zhang, Yuanhuan Wei, Shujun Liang, Qinzhi Wei, Zheqing Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between dietary patterns and bone health in school-age children in China. The fruit-milk-eggs dietary pattern was positively associated with bone mineral content, while the animal organs-refined cereals pattern was negatively associated with bone mineral content and bone mineral density.
Article
Acoustics
Ali H. Alomari, Saeed M. Al-Qahtani, Christian M. Langton
Summary: The study proposed a novel method based on ultrasound transit time spectroscopy to derive volumetric and areal bone mineral densities. Results obtained by ultrasound showed high correlations with those obtained by microcomputed tomography when measuring bone density.
Article
Immunology
Youfeng Guo, Haihong Zhao, Feng Wang, Haowei Xu, Xiaowei Liu, Tao Hu, Desheng Wu
Summary: This study investigated the correlation between body composition, fractures, and telomere length (TL). The results indicated that TL was positively and negatively associated with bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in different body parts. TL was also found to be related to the occurrence of wrist and spine fractures, and this correlation showed some sex specificity. Further research is needed to validate these associations in the skull, upper limbs, and wrists.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)