Article
Orthopedics
Rui Lin, Bilian Xu, Zhiqiang Ye, Yin Gao, Haiping Fang, Jintong Song, Dahong Liang, Lingna Liu, Zilong Hu, Min Zhang, Jinsong Wei, Feifu Deng, Xiangxin Zhong, Liao Cui, Yanzhi Liu
Summary: This study demonstrated that metformin significantly attenuated osteopenia and improved bone microarchitecture in T2DM rat models. It also promoted stem cell osteogenic differentiation under high glucose conditions. The effects of metformin on bone metabolism are closely associated with the suppression of the RAGE-JAK2STAT1 signaling axis.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRANSLATION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Li Nan, Hyeon-Hwa Nam, Byung-Kil Choo
Summary: Agastache rugosa, a herbal plant with good biological activity, has been found to have anti-inflammatory effects and can protect against esophagus injury in rats with acute reflux esophagitis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Bosco, Lorenza Guarnieri, Saverio Nucera, Miriam Scicchitano, Stefano Ruga, Antonio Cardamone, Samantha Maurotti, Cristina Russo, Anna Rita Coppoletta, Roberta Macri, Irene Bava, Federica Scarano, Fabio Castagna, Maria Serra, Rosamaria Caminiti, Jessica Maiuolo, Francesca Oppedisano, Sara Ilari, Filomena Lauro, Luigi Giancotti, Carolina Muscoli, Cristina Carresi, Ernesto Palma, Micaela Gliozzi, Vincenzo Musolino, Vincenzo Mollace
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate if chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve in rats can be a valid model to study muscle atrophy and consequent osteoporosis. The results showed that CCI can cause significant decreases in muscle mass and bone mass and alterations in the expression of molecular markers of muscle atrophy and osteoporosis. This study suggests that CCI may serve as a valid approach to study muscle-bone crosstalk and to identify new strategies to prevent osteosarcopenia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Neza Brezovec, Nika Kojc, Andreja Erman, Matjaz Hladnik, Jost Stergar, Matija Milanic, Matija Tomsic, Sasa Cucnik, Snezna Sodin-Semrl, Martina Perse, Katja Lakota
Summary: Understanding the tissue changes and molecular mechanisms in preclinical models is crucial for designing reliable clinical trials. A study using a mouse model of peritoneal fibrosis induced by chlorhexidine showed that histological and molecular/cellular alterations were already present after 1 week of treatment. The study also found that local inflammation and fibrosis were more severe after 3 weeks, but the gene expression of fibrotic markers did not change over time.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fatma H. Shaker, Marwa O. El-Derany, Sara A. Wahdan, Ebtehal El-Demerdash, Hala O. El-Mesallamy
Summary: The study demonstrated that BBR has a significant neuroprotective effect against DOX-induced cognitive impairment, improving behavioral defects and reversing histopathological abnormalities. Mechanistically, BBR modulated neuroinflammation, anti-oxidative defense, and synaptic plasticity, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for cognitive decline in cancer survivors undergoing DOX-based chemotherapy.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fei Qin, Shuqiang Cui, Yanan Dong, Minxiao Xu, Zhongwei Wang, Chaoyi Qu, Jiexiu Zhao
Summary: This study found that aerobic pre-exercise can alleviate lung injury caused by urban PM2.5 in aging rats by modulating inflammatory pathways.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chao Tang, Yunmei Luo, Sha Li, Bo Huang, Shangfu Xu, Lisheng Li
Summary: Inflammation plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of PAH. The study found that PAH induced by MCT progresses from an acute inflammatory phase to a chronic inflammatory phase, with changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines and macrophage ratios in the lung. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is also related to the progression of PAH and inflammation characteristics induced by MCT.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Konarska-Bajda, Piotr Ceranowicz, Jakub Cieszkowski, Grzegorz Ginter, Agnieszka Stempniewicz, Krystyna Galazka, Beata Kusnierz-Cabala, Paulina Dumnicka, Joanna Bonior, Zygmunt Warzecha
Summary: Acute pancreatitis is a severe disease characterized by inflammation and coagulation. Anticoagulants have been suggested as a potential therapeutic option. This study investigated the effects of pretreatment with warfarin on the development of edematous pancreatitis in mice. The results showed that pretreatment with low doses of warfarin reduced pancreatic damage and improved various parameters of pancreatitis. However, high doses of warfarin did not exhibit a preventive effect.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ji-Won Noh, Min-Soo Jun, Hee-Kwon Yang, Byung-Cheol Lee
Summary: Berberine has anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects by modulating ATM recruitment and activation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giulia Catitti, Domenico De Bellis, Simone Vespa, Pasquale Simeone, Barbara Canonico, Paola Lanuti
Summary: Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) are circulating particles that carry proteins, lipids, RNAs, and DNA fragments, playing important roles in intercellular communication. EVs can regulate host immune response and exhibit both pro- and anti-inflammatory functions. Physical exercise has anti-inflammatory effects on the host's immune response. This review highlights the role of circulating EVs in the anti-inflammatory events associated with the regulation of the host's immune response during physical exercise.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Halil Sezgin Semis, Fatih Mehmet Kandemir, Ozgur Kaynar, Tuba Dogan, Sefik Murat Arikan
Summary: The study showed that hesperidin has potential protective effects against paclitaxel-induced sciatic nerve damage by reducing apoptosis, alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress, and relieving neuropathic pain associated with paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Oishani Chaterjee, Debjeet Sur
Summary: Macrophages are mature form of monocytes that can shift from one phenotype to another through the process of macrophage polarization. Different phenotypes of macrophages have different functions with M1 macrophages being responsible for immune responses and M2 macrophages having healing properties. Maintaining macrophage homeostasis is important to avoid tissue damage and ensure proper wound healing and angiogenesis.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Furong Lu, Yuan Hong, Lizhen Liu, Ning Wei, Yao Lin, Junbing He, Yiming Shao
Summary: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of sepsis, with potential implications for diagnosis and management. Further research into lncRNAs could lead to innovative approaches for sepsis treatment.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mega O. Oyovwi, Onome B. Oghenetega, Emojevwe Victor, Falajiki Y. Faith, Joseph Gregory Uchechukwu
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential counteractive effects of quercetin on the reproductive capabilities of rats treated with levetiracetam. The study found that quercetin could alleviate the negative effects of levetiracetam on rat reproductive parameters.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Li-You Chen, Hsin-Lin Cheng, Yu-Hsiang Kuan, Tang-Jun Liang, Yun-Yi Chao, Hsing-Chun Lin
Summary: Luteolin has been shown to improve delayed and impaired healing of skin wounds in STZ-induced diabetic rats by attenuating blood glucose levels, inhibiting inflammation, and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity. This effect is mediated by the inactivation of NF-kappa B and upregulation of Nrf2, leading to enhanced wound restoration through reduced inflammatory factors and improved angiogenesis and neuronal regeneration.