Article
Cell Biology
Shelby E. Bollen, Joseph J. Bass, Satoshi Fujita, Daniel Wilkinson, Martin Hewison, Philip J. Atherton
Summary: Muscle atrophy and sarcopenia can impact an individual's health, and vitamin D deficiency may worsen this effect. The mechanisms linking vitamin D and sarcopenia are not fully understood, but research has shown the importance of vitamin D in skeletal muscle functioning.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hugo J. Bello, Alberto Caballero-Garcia, Daniel Perez-Valdecantos, Enrique Roche, David C. Noriega, Alfredo Cordova-Martinez
Summary: A systematic review was conducted to investigate the role of vitamin D in muscle recovery post-exercise, with inconclusive results suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory effect. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julio Plaza-Diaz, David Izquierdo, Alvaro Torres-Martos, Aiman Tariq Baig, Concepcion M. Aguilera, Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda
Summary: Exercise and physical activity have beneficial effects on health and chronic disease prevention by inducing physiological responses and adaptations in skeletal muscle. These adaptations are mediated by transcriptional responses and epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications. Other emerging epigenetic markers, including epitranscriptomics and modifications mediated by miRNAs, are also being explored. This article provides an overview of the impact of exercise on epigenetic modifications, focusing on skeletal muscle, and discusses the influence of systemic metabolism on these modifications.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jinghua Zhang, Zhen-Bo Cao
Summary: Exercise can affect the levels of vitamin D metabolites in circulation. Endurance exercise can increase serum 25(OH)D levels, but has limited effect on serum 1,25(OH)(2)D levels. Exercise may influence 25(OH)D levels in the circulation by regulating the storage of vitamin D metabolites in tissues or their utilization by target tissues. The effects of exercise on 25(OH)D levels may be dependent on factors such as vitamin D nutritional status, exercise type and intensity, and sex. Further research is needed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of exercise on vitamin D metabolites.
Article
Neurosciences
Joseph J. Bass, Abid A. Kazi, Colleen S. Deane, Asif Nakhuda, Stephen P. Ashcroft, Matthew S. Brook, Daniel J. Wilkinson, Bethan E. Phillips, Andrew Philp, Janelle Tarum, Fawzi Kadi, Ditte Andersen, Amadeo Munoz Garcia, Ken Smith, Iain J. Gallagher, Nathaniel J. Szewczyk, Mark E. Cleasby, Philip J. Atherton
Summary: Reduced vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression leads to skeletal muscle atrophy through the induction of autophagy, without affecting muscle protein synthesis or anabolic signaling. VDR knockdown impairs mitochondrial function and myogenic regulation, highlighting its crucial role in maintaining muscle mass and limiting autophagy. These findings suggest a fundamental regulatory role of VDR in myogenesis and muscle mass regulation.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Alexander T. Carswell, Sarah Jackson, Paul Swinton, Thomas J. O'Leary, Jonathan C. Y. Tang, Samuel J. Oliver, Craig Sale, Rachel M. Izard, Neil P. Walsh, William D. Fraser, Julie P. Greeves
Summary: This study found that there are associations between serum vitamin D metabolites and physical performance. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is negatively correlated with 2.4-km run time and positively correlated with muscle power, while 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)(2)D) is positively correlated with run time and negatively correlated with strength and muscle power. 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)(2)D) is negatively correlated with run time. The vitamin D metabolites together explain a small portion of variance in physical performance. VDR SNPs are not associated with physical performance.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jan Mieszkowski, Paulina Brzezinska, Blazej Stankiewicz, Andrzej Kochanowicz, Bartlomiej Niespodzinski, Joanna Reczkowicz, Tomasz Waldzinski, Bartlomiej Kacprzak, Natalia Siuba-Jarosz, Miroslav Petr, Jedrzej Antosiewicz
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of vitamin D supplementation on tryptophan metabolism in runners after an ultramarathon. The results showed that vitamin D supplementation can attenuate the increase in KPM levels and the decrease in tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine levels induced by exercise, indicating a regulatory role of vitamin D in exercise-induced metabolic changes.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Li Zhang, Ruhao Zhang, Lu Li
Summary: Long-term, high-intensity exercise can negatively affect multiple organs and functions in the body, but probiotic supplementation has shown promise in improving material and energy metabolism, immune response, oxidative stress, and neuroendocrine function. This paper reviews the current research progress on the role of probiotics in these areas and their underlying mechanisms, highlighting the potential of probiotic supplementation in enhancing overall health and exercise performance.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Muhammad Subhan Alfaqih, Vita Murniati Tarawan, Nova Sylviana, Hanna Goenawan, Ronny Lesmana, Susianti Susianti
Summary: Vitamin D has effects on satellite cells, promoting proliferation in early stages but impairing skeletal muscle regeneration in high doses. Supplementation of vitamin D may help maintain satellite cell function in conditions like aging and chronic disease.
Review
Immunology
Clara Crescioli
Summary: Vitamin D plays an important role in immune regulation and skeletal muscle cells. The status of vitamin D has significant effects on immune surveillance and health. Excessive exercise and vitamin D deficiency can lead to immune depression and increased vulnerability to diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
David A. Bushinsky, Nancy S. Krieger
Summary: The homeostatic regulation of systemic pH is crucial for mammalian survival. Metabolic acidosis leads to bone buffering, dissolution of bone mineral content, and changes in bone cell activity.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Junjie Lin, Xu Liu, Yalan Zhou, Baishu Zhu, Yuanxin Wang, Wei Cui, Yan Peng, Bin Wang, Chen Zhao, Renqing Zhao
Summary: Insulin resistance, a major feature of metabolic syndrome, often poses challenges during long-term treatment of diabetes. Exercise can improve insulin action by increasing insulin receptor sensitivity, glucose uptake, and mitochondrial function. Irisin, a novel myokine activated by exercise, has been shown to promote glucose uptake, improve mitochondrial function, and reduce inflammation to enhance insulin action.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hyeri Seok, Jooyun Kim, Won Suk Choi, Dae Won Park
Summary: A prospective cohort study found that severe vitamin D deficiency significantly increased mortality in sepsis patients. Evaluating vitamin D levels in sepsis patients may become necessary in an aging society.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Miguel Agoncillo, Josephine Yu, Jenny E. Gunton
Summary: Vitamin D is strongly associated with skeletal muscle regeneration and function, with studies showing its role in regulating muscle cell growth and gene expression. Animal experiments and human studies support the benefits of vitamin D in muscle function and recovery, particularly in the elderly and post-operative patients. However, its role may be less significant in muscle/ligament tear repair.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Damian Jozef Flis, Emilia Gabriela Bialobrodzka, Ewa Aleksandra Rodziewicz-Flis, Zbigniew Jost, Andzelika Borkowska, Wieslaw Ziolkowski, Jan Jacek Kaczor
Summary: This study investigates the effects of Dex treatment on blood and skeletal muscle metabolites and activity of enzymes related to energy metabolism after long-duration swimming. The results showed that Dex treatment induced body mass loss and increased lipid metabolites in the blood, while prolonged swimming intensified these effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)