Article
Infectious Diseases
Wenwen Zheng, Zhongxin Zhao, Li Tian, Lele Liu, Tong Xu, Xianwei Wang, Hongbin He, Xianzhu Xia, Ye Zheng, Yurong Wei, Xuexing Zheng
Summary: The recombinant LBNSE-BG generated in this study showed strong neutralizing antibodies production against both BEFV and rabies virus in mice, providing complete protection from lethal rabies virus challenge. Additionally, LBNSE-BG was found to activate more dendritic cells (DCs), B cells and T cells in immunized mice compared to the parent virus LBNSE.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Shimeng Bai, Tianhan Yang, Cuisong Zhu, Meiqi Feng, Li Zhang, Ziling Zhang, Xiang Wang, Rui Yu, Xinghao Pan, Chen Zhao, Jianqing Xu, Xiaoyan Zhang
Summary: A nucleoside-modified Rabies mRNA-LNP vaccine was developed, which showed more potent immune responses and prolonged protection compared to a commercially available inactivated vaccine.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Irina Matveeva, Olga Karpova, Nikolai Nikitin, Oleg Akilin, Vasiliy Yelnikov, Irina Litenkova, Roman Melnik, Nikolai Melnik, Karim Asimov, Aleksey Zaberezhny, Yriy Fyodorov, Evgeniya Markova
Summary: The core of reindeer rabies eradication strategy is regular vaccination to achieve and maintain sufficient coverage for stopping rabies virus transmission. The study found that a single dose of 3 ml inactivated rabies vaccine induced stable production of specific neutralizing antibodies in reindeer, and two doses with a 30-day interval established a strong immunity for at least 2 years. The data did not support the benefit of an adjuvanted vaccine for preventing rabies in reindeer.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Caiquan Zhao, Jie Gao, Yongzhi Wang, Lina Ji, Hui Qin, Wei Hu, Yang Yang
Summary: This study describes a novel recombinant bovine herpes virus type I expressing rabies virus glycoprotein, which induced a protective immune response in mice and cattle.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Chengguang Zhang, Yuling Tian, Chen Chen, Zongmei Wang, Jie Pei, Chuhan Lin, Ming Zhou, Zhen F. Fu, Ling Zhao
Summary: This study successfully constructed novel VLVs that could efficiently self-propagate and evolve to high titers, with minimal side effects, demonstrating good immune protection in mice. The evolved VLVs showed significant potential as a cost-effective, safe, and efficacious rabies vaccine candidate.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Naoto Ito, Takuya Okamoto, Michihito Sasaki, Shoya Miyamoto, Tatsuki Takahashi, Fumiki Izumi, Maho Inukai, Supasiri Jarusombuti, Kazuma Okada, Kento Nakagawa, Yuji Fujii, Shoko Nishiyama, Tatsunori Masatani, Hirofumi Sawa, Makoto Sugiyama
Summary: To improve the safety of genetically modified live rabies vaccine strains, studies have focused on utilizing an attenuating Arg-to-Glu mutation at position 333 in the glycoprotein. However, the Glu residue still poses a risk of pathogenic reversion. This study suggests that using a Leu residue at position 333 may enhance stability and safety of the vaccine strain.
Article
Microbiology
Li Tian, Lina Yan, Wenwen Zheng, Xiaoying Lei, Qianyun Fu, Xianghong Xue, Xianwei Wang, Xianzhu Xia, Xuexing Zheng
Summary: The study successfully synthesized a recombinant vaccine that can combat both rabies and SFTS, which showed highly effective immune responses in mice and demonstrated high protective efficacy in animal challenge experiments.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xiaoyi Hu, Weilin Zhou, Ruyu Pi, Xia Zhao, Wei Wang
Summary: Vaccines stimulate the immune system to protect against infectious diseases and have also been used for cancer prevention and treatment. Through genetic engineering, cancer vaccines can be modified to enhance their anti-tumor efficacy. This review discusses the major approaches in developing genetically modified cancer vaccines and explores recent advances in understanding engineered cancer vaccines.
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ryan M. Wallace, Florence Cliquet, Christine Fehlner-Gardiner, Anthony R. Fooks, Claude T. Sabeta, Alvaro Aguilar Setien, Changchun Tu, Vlad Vuta, Boris Yakobson, Dong-Kun Yang, Gideon Brueckner, Conrad M. Freuling, Lea Knopf, Artem Metlin, Patricia Pozzetti, Pebi Purwo Suseno, Sean Shadomy, Gregorio Torres, Marco Antonio Natal Vigilato, Bernadette Abela-Ridder, Thomas Mueller
Summary: Domestic dogs are responsible for nearly all of the 59,000 global human rabies deaths each year, with successful control measures implemented in high-income countries. Oral vaccines have been widely used in wildlife populations, but face challenges in controlling dog-mediated rabies.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yue Zhang, Mengwei Zhang, Xilan Liao, Yunsong Yu, Qing Liu, Yongwen Luo, Jun Luo, Xiaofeng Guo
Summary: Rabies is an important zoonotic disease caused by the rabies virus (RABV). Researchers have found that inserting the interleukin-25 (IL-25) gene into the genome of RABV can enhance the immune responses induced by the rabies vaccine, leading to higher levels of virus neutralizing antibodies (VNA). Mice immunized with the recombinant RABV showed a higher survival rate and milder clinical signs after challenge with CVS-11, suggesting that IL-25 can be used as a viral vaccine adjuvant.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jinrong Long, Changxiao Yu, Yiming Cao, Yiqi Miao, Huisheng Sun, Zhen Zhang, Jierui Mai, Xin Wang, Yingying Mao, Hongwei Li, Jing Yang, Shengqi Wang
Summary: Rabies is a deadly viral disease and vaccinations are the most effective way to prevent and control it. Researchers have developed an mRNA-based vaccine that can be produced quickly and in large quantities. This vaccine has shown robust immune responses and long-term protection in mice and dogs.
Article
Immunology
Fumiki Izumi, Shoya Miyamoto, Tatsunori Masatani, Michihito Sasaki, Kazuo Kawakami, Tatsuki Takahashi, Takuro Fujiwara, Yuji Fujii, Misuzu Okajima, Shoko Nishiyama, Hirofumi Sawa, Makoto Sugiyama, Naoto Ito
Summary: Live rabies vaccines have advantageous features for mass vaccination, but some strains have safety issues. The reverse genetics system of rabies virus provides a feasible option to improve safety. This study generated a novel live vaccine candidate, ERA-NG2, which was highly and stably attenuated and showed a high level of safety and immunogenicity in mice and dogs.
Article
Virology
Madoka Horiya, Guillermo Posadas-Herrera, Mutsuyo Takayama-Ito, Yukie Yamaguchi, Itoe Iizuka-Shiota, Hirofumi Kato, Aikou Okamoto, Masayuki Saijo, Chang-Kweng Lim
Summary: Rabies virus is widely distributed and vaccination is an important preventive measure. This study conducted a genomic analysis of a chicken embryo cell culture vaccine strain and confirmed its genetic characteristics. The evaluated efficacy of the vaccine suggests it is suitable for preventing the current rabies virus.
Article
Immunology
Drishya Kurup, Christine R. Fisher, Gabrielle Scher, Catherine Yankowski, AnnaMarie Testa, Rohan Keshwara, Tiago Abreu-Mota, Rachael Lambert, Melissa Ferguson, William Rinaldi, Leonard Ruiz, Christoph Wirblich, Matthias J. Schnell
Summary: The study evaluated the immunogenicity of adjuvanted monovalent rabies virus-based vaccine candidates against filoviruses and Lassa virus in nonhuman primates. Results showed strong and lasting immune responses up to 365 days, with no significant differences between single vaccines and trivalent or tetravalent vaccines. The study demonstrates the potential of a pentavalent vaccine platform against multiple viruses.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hang Chi, Yanqun Wang, Entao Li, Xiwen Wang, Hualei Wang, Hongli Jin, Qiuxue Han, Zhenshan Wang, Xinyue Wang, Airu Zhu, Jing Sun, Zhen Zhuang, Lu Zhang, Jingmeiqi Ye, Haijun Wang, Na Feng, Mingda Hu, Yuwei Gao, Jincun Zhao, Yongkun Zhao, Songtao Yang, Xianzhu Xia
Summary: The study team constructed and evaluated an inactivated rabies virus-vectored MERS-CoV vaccine, finding that it generated potent antibody and immune cell responses in mice, camels, and alpacas. Furthermore, the vaccine reduced viral replication and accelerated virus clearance in MERS-CoV-infected mice, and induced protective antibody responses against both MERS-CoV and rabies virus in camels and alpacas. The immune sera also showed broad cross-neutralizing activity against the three main MERS-CoV clades.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Xinxin Wang, Jie Luo, Zhiyuan Wen, Lei Shuai, Chong Wang, Gongxun Zhong, Xijun He, Huizhen Cao, Renqiang Liu, Jinying Ge, Ronghong Hua, Ziruo Sun, Xijun Wang, Jinliang Wang, Zhigao Bu
Summary: This study found that the calcium channel blocker diltiazem inhibits the binding and internalization of SARS-CoV-2, and decreases infection in cells and mice. The main target of diltiazem, the calcium channel Ca(v)1.2 alpha(1c), interacts with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and ACE2, affecting attachment and internalization. Diltiazem shows potential as a candidate drug to treat COVID-19, and Ca(v)1.2 alpha(1c) is a promising target for antiviral drug development.
Correction
Virology
Dongni Kong, Zhiyuan Wen, Hua Su, Jinying Ge, Weiye Chen, Xijun Wang, Chao Wu, Chinglai Yang, Hualan Chen, Zhigao Bu
Article
Cell Biology
Miao-Miao Zhao, Yun Zhu, Li Zhang, Gongxun Zhong, Linhua Tai, Shuo Liu, Guoliang Yin, Jing Lu, Qiong He, Ming-Jia Li, Ru-Xuan Zhao, Hao Wang, Weijin Huang, Changfa Fan, Lei Shuai, Zhiyuan Wen, Chong Wang, Xijun He, Qiuluan Chen, Banghui Liu, Xiaoli Xiong, Zhigao Bu, Youchun Wang, Fei Sun, Jin-Kui Yang
Summary: This study identifies two previously unidentified Cathepsin L (CTSL) cleavage sites in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. CTSL cleavage promotes the adoption of a specific conformation by the spike protein, facilitating receptor binding and membrane fusion. Inhibitors targeting CTSL not only block viral infection in cells, but also reduce live virus infection in lung tissues. CTSL-specific inhibitors show promising effects in preventing live virus infection in animal models. Inhibition of CTSL cleavage could be a potential strategy for developing mutation-resistant therapies.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wenjing Wang, Wenkang Li, Zhiyuan Wen, Chong Wang, Weilong Liu, Yufang Zhang, Juncheng Liu, Tianze Ding, Lei Shuai, Gongxun Zhong, Zhigao Bu, Lingbo Qu, Maozhi Ren, Fuguang Li
Summary: Gossypol (GOS), identified from natural products, has been found to block SARS-CoV-2 RdRp and inhibit viral replication. It also exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity against different types of coronaviruses. These findings suggest that GOS could be a promising candidate for combating COVID-19 and other coronavirus outbreaks.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ningke Hou, Lei Shuai, Lijing Zhang, Xuping Xie, Kaiming Tang, Yunkai Zhu, Yin Yu, Wenyi Zhang, Qiaozhu Tan, Gongxun Zhong, Zhiyuan Wen, Chong Wang, Xijun He, Hong Huo, Haishan Gao, You Xu, Jing Xue, Chen Peng, Jing Zou, Craig Schindewolf, Vineet Menachery, Wenji Su, Youlang Yuan, Zuyuan Shen, Rong Zhang, Shuofeng Yuan, Hongtao Yu, Pei-Yong Shi, Zhigao Bu, Jing Huang, Qi Hu
Summary: A specific noncovalent inhibitor called WU-04 has been developed, which effectively blocks the replication of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses. It shows high potency as a pan-inhibitor of coronavirus 3CLpro and has similar activity to the drug Nirmatrelvir in treating SARS-CoV-2.
ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Xinxin Wang, Zhiyuan Wen, Huizhen Cao, Jie Luo, Lei Shuai, Chong Wang, Jinying Ge, Xijun Wang, Zhigao Bu, Jinliang Wang
Summary: We demonstrate that mGluR2 facilitates RABV internalization in vitro and infection in vivo. TfR1 interacts with mGluR2 and internalizes with mGluR2 and RABV in the same clathrin-coated pit. TfR1 also interacts with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and is important for SARS-CoV-2 internalization.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Xinxin Wang, Zhiyuan Wen, Huizhen Cao, Jie Luo, Lei Shuai, Chong Wang, Jinying Ge, Xijun Wang, Zhigao Bu, Jinliang Wang
Summary: For most viruses, cell entry involves engagement with many distinct plasma membrane components, each of which is essential. After binding to its specific receptor(s), rabies virus (RABV) enters host cells through the process of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) is identified as an entry factor for RABV infection, and the endocytosis of RABV is coupled with the endocytosis of TfR1. Our results indicate that RABV hijacks the transport pathway of TfR1 for entry, deepening our understanding of the entry mechanism of RABV.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Dan Shan, Xiaoyan Tang, Renqiang Liu, Dan Pan, Xijun Wang, Jinying Ge, Zhiyuan Wen, Zhigao Bu
Summary: Researchers have successfully constructed a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) vaccine candidate called VSV??G-SARS, which can induce neutralizing antibodies and robust T cell responses, demonstrating its broad potential application.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xing Liu, Fang Li, Jiwen Zhang, Lulu Wang, Jinliang Wang, Zhiyuan Wen, Zilong Wang, Lei Shuai, Xijun Wang, Jinying Ge, Dongming Zhao, Zhigao Bu
Summary: The study demonstrates that ATP6V1A interacts with RABV M protein to promote virus replication and is involved in viral uncoating process through specific residue interactions. Upregulation of ATP6V1A enhances RABV growth in cells.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)