Article
Immunology
Ah-Young Kim, Hyejin Kim, Sun Young Park, Sang Hyun Park, Jae-Seok Kim, Jung-Won Park, Jong-Hyeon Park, Young-Joon Ko
Summary: The optimal stabilizer composition for long-term storage of FMD vaccine antigens, especially the O JC strain, was determined, extending shelf-life at both 4 degrees C and -70 degrees C.
Article
Microbiology
Shuo Li, Ruichong Zhao, Hetao Song, Songjia Pan, Yun Zhang, Hu Dong, Manyuan Bai, Shiqi Sun, Huichen Guo, Shuanghui Yin
Summary: This study demonstrates that intranasal immunization with FMD calcium phosphate mineralized virus-like particles (CaP-VLPs) can effectively induce local mucosal immune and systemic immune responses, which are specifically enhanced by S adjuvant.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Kay Childs, Yongjie Harvey, Ryan Waters, Timothy Woma, Ginette Wilsden, Hualu Sun, Peng Sun, Julian Seago
Summary: Foot-and-mouth disease is a highly contagious viral disease of livestock that has a severe economic impact on the agriculture industry in many regions. Current vaccines are not effective against the contemporary strains of the disease, particularly in East Africa. Researchers have identified stable strains of the virus and developed a quadrivalent vaccine that generates high neutralizing antibody titers and provides good cross-protection against regional strains.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Yan Xiao, Suling Zhang, He Yan, Xiaolin Geng, Yanwei Wang, Xin Xu, Mengyue Wang, Haohao Zhang, Baicheng Huang, Wenqiang Pang, Ming Yang, Kegong Tian
Summary: The study successfully expressed capsid proteins of FMDV serotype O in Escherichia coli with an optimal tandem permutation (VP0-VP3-VP1), showing a protein yield close to 1:1:1. Immunization of pigs with FMDV VLPs induced FMDV-specific immune responses effectively and dose-dependently. The stable FMDV VLPs with multiple epitope exposure were effective for the induction of an immune response in pigs, laying a foundation for further development of the FMDV subunit vaccine.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Reeshu Gupta, Kajal Arora, Sourav Singha Roy, Abyson Joseph, Ruchir Rastogi, Nupur Mehrotra Arora, Prabuddha K. Kundu
Summary: Viral infectious diseases pose a threat to human health and global stability. Various vaccine platforms, such as DNA, mRNA, recombinant viral vectors, and virus-like particle-based vaccines, have been developed to combat these diseases. Virus-like particles (VLPs) have shown promise as successful vaccines against prevalent and emerging diseases, but commercialization has been limited so far. Technical difficulties and the need for large-scale production methods have hindered the progress of VLP-based vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Gyeongmin Lee, Hyo Rin Kang, Aro Kim, Jong-Hyeon Park, Min Ja Lee, Su-Mi Kim
Summary: This study found that quercetin has antiviral effects against FMDV by inducing interferon production and enhancing the immune system in animals. Therefore, quercetin could potentially be used as a novel and effective antiviral agent for controlling FMDV infection. However, further research on its application in livestock is needed.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ben Jackson, Yongjie Harvey, Eva Perez-Martin, Ginette Wilsden, Nicholas Juleff, Bryan Charleston, Julian Seago
Summary: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a global burden on the livestock industry, with vaccination being the most effective control strategy in endemic regions. However, challenges such as the instability of FMDV and the emergence of new strains exist in the development of efficient vaccines. Currently, vaccines in East Africa are comprised of relatively historic strains with unknown stabilities.
Article
Immunology
Seong Yun Hwang, Sung Ho Shin, Hyun Mi Kim, SeHee Shin, Min Ja Lee, Su-Mi Kim, Jong-Soo Lee, Jong-Hyeon Park
Summary: In this study, a potent vaccine strain was developed to provide complete protection against FMD type O viruses of Southeast Asia, Middle East-South Asia, and Cathay topotypes. Mice immunized with the experimental vaccines were fully protected against these viruses. PA2-VP1 showed higher neutralizing antibody titers than JC-VP1 in early vaccination phase in pigs.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Vili Lampinen, Suvi Heinimaki, Olli H. Laitinen, Marko Pesu, Minna M. Hankaniemi, Vesna Blazevic, Vesa P. Hytoenen
Summary: The study demonstrated the efficient expression and purification of SpyTagged noro-VLP in insect cells, which showed stability for months when refrigerated in a physiological buffer. The conserved influenza antigens were produced separately and conjugated on the surface of noro-VLP, inducing high titers of antibody production. The noro-VLP platform offers a rapid, convenient, and safe method for presenting various soluble protein antigens to the immune system.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Jonathan Arzt, Ian H. Fish, Miranda R. Bertram, George R. Smoliga, Ethan J. Hartwig, Steven J. Pauszek, Lauren Holinka-Patterson, Fayna C. Diaz-San Segundo, Tatjana Sitt, Elizabeth Rieder, Carolina Stenfeldt
Summary: Research showed that cattle can be simultaneously infected with two different serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), with different outcomes depending on the timing of exposure to the viruses. Dominant interserotypic recombinant FMDVs were discovered in upper respiratory tract samples of superinfected animals, indicating the potential role of persistently infected FMDV carriers in generating novel viral strains.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Haozhou Li, Aldo Dekker, Shiqi Sun, Alison Burman, Jeroen Kortekaas, Michiel M. Harmsen
Summary: The efficacy of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine depends on the content of intact and empty viral particles. Capsid-specific VHH antibodies can be used to quantify intact capsids in the vaccine, improving efficacy and stability. These antibodies serve as excellent tools for monitoring the quantity and stability of intact capsids during the vaccine manufacturing process.
Article
Immunology
Ah-Young Kim, Sun Young Park, Sang Hyun Park, Jong Sook Jin, Eun-Sol Kim, Jae Young Kim, Jong-Hyeon Park, Young-Joon Ko
Summary: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), caused by the FMD virus (FMDV), is controlled by vaccine policy in many countries, with the content of intact virus particles (146S antigens) being critical for vaccine potency. Sucrose density gradient (SDG) fractionation is the gold standard for quantifying 146S antigens, but has drawbacks. Size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) was introduced as an alternative, but is mainly used for purified samples due to interfering signals.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Anna B. Ludi, Melissa McLaws, Bryony Armson, Jessica Clark, Antonello Di Nardo, Krupali Parekh, Mark Henstock, Petra Muellner, Ulrich J. Muellner, Fabrizio Rosso, Joaquin M. Prada, Daniel L. Horton, David J. Paton, Keith Sumption, Donald P. King
Summary: This paper introduces a semi-quantitative FMD vaccine strain selection tool, PRAGMATIST, which combines multiple strands of evidence to identify the most suitable vaccine strains for inclusion in antigen banks. By estimating the risk of incursion, the relative prevalence of FMD viral lineages, and the effectiveness of vaccines against specific FMDV lineages, this tool can prioritize vaccine strains that address the highest threats. The study highlights the variation in vaccine antigens required for different regions based on risk, with the vaccine coverage score having the most significant impact on the estimated risk covered by each vaccine, especially for those that provide substantial coverage across multiple lineages.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sang-Hyun Park, Seo-Yong Lee, Jae-Seok Kim, Ah-Young Kim, Sun-Young Park, Ji-Hye Lee, Mijung Lee, Hyejin Kim, Sim-In Lee, Na-Young Kang, Jung-Won Park, Su-Mi Kim, Jong-Hyeon Park, Young-Joon Ko
Summary: This study introduces a bivalent vaccine developed in South Korea for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), which successfully scaled up two virus strains and prepared a highly effective vaccine through optimized conditions. The experimental bivalent vaccine shows a broad spectrum of high neutralizing antibody titers, providing protection against FMDV types O and A circulating in South Korea and neighboring countries.
Article
Virology
Heeyeon Kim, Hwi Won Seo, Ho-Seong Cho, Yeonsu Oh
Summary: This study investigated the protective effect of the Asia1 Shamir vaccine against Asia1/MOG/05 virus infection. The results showed that the vaccine delayed the onset of clinical symptoms and reduced virus nasal shedding. Neutralizing antibodies induced after vaccination provided partial immune protection.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
A. Al-Ojeery, E. Ibrahim, E. Shalaan, A. Inoue, F. Al-Marzouki
Summary: A nano-porous glassy Zr60Al5Ni30Pd5 skeleton structure alloy was prepared by electrochemical etching treatment, showing enrichment of Ni and Pd elements on the nano-porous surface, leading to enhanced reaction activity and corrosion resistance.
JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Mohammad Y. Alshahrani, Essam H. Ibrahim, Mohammed Asiri, Mona Kilany, Ahmad Alshehri, Ali G. Alkhathami, Kareem Morsy, Harish C. Chandramoorthy
Summary: The study found that the ethanolic extract of Coccinia indica exhibited inhibitory effects on MRSA, Candida auris, and Streptococcus pyogenes, while showing weaker effects on E. coli and Trichophyton rubrum. The aqueous extract did not show any inhibitory effects. The results demonstrate concentration-dependent antibacterial and antifungal activities of the plant extract, suggesting its potential in combating multidrug resistance.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ali S. Alshehri, Attalla F. El-Kott, Ayman E. El-Kenawy, Mohamed Samir A. Zaki, Kareem Morsy, Reham A. Ghanem, Eman T. Salem, Eman R. Ebealy, Heba S. Khalifa, Ahmed E. Altyar, Hussah I. M. AlGwaiz, Essam H. Ibrahim, Mohammed S. Mahmoud, Mohammad A. Dallak, Eman M. Abd-Ella
Summary: This study demonstrates that kaempferol has a nephroprotective effect against cadmium-induced nephropathy by reducing kidney damage, improving kidney function, and attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation. It achieves these effects by suppressing NF-kappa B p65 and activating Nrf2.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Essam H. Ibrahim, Mohammad Y. Alshahrani, Hamed A. Ghramh, Hani Alothaid, Mona Kilany, Kareem Morsy, Attalla F. El-kott, Ramadan Taha, Haitham El-Mekkawy, Gamal A. EL-Shaboury, Ahmed A. El-Mansi, Mohammed E. A. Mohammed, Mahmoud A. Sayed, Ibrahim S. Yahia
Summary: The study demonstrates that Origanum majorana leaf acetone extract has anti-colorectal cancer effects by inducing cell division arrest and apoptosis in HT-29 human colon cancer cells.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Badria M. AL-Shehri, Reham M. Mashat, Rahaf M. H. Alshareef, Wed Mohammed Ali Alaerjani, Khalid Ali Khan, Hamed A. Ghramh, Essam H. Ibrahim, Majed A. Bajaber, Abdulaziz A. Zarbah, Mohammed Elimam Ahamed Mohammed
Summary: This study investigated the presence of artificial sweeteners in honey samples from Asir region-Saudi Arabia and measured their concentration along with glucose oxidase (GOX) activity and other quality parameters. The results showed that Acacia and Zizphus honey samples contained high amounts of sorbitol and trace levels of xylitol. The floral origin and year of harvest significantly influenced the pH, electric conductivity, and acidity of the honey samples.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
F. El-Sayed, Mai S. A. Hussien, T. H. AlAbdulaal, Abdel-Haleem Abdel-Aty, H. Y. Zahran, I. S. Yahia, Mohamed Sh. Abdel-wahab, Essam H. Ibrahim, Medhat A. Ibrahim, Hanan Elhaes
Summary: Cationic dye (methylene blue) and anionic dye (carmine) degradation were demonstrated using SrO and G-SrO NPs. The efficacy of photocatalysis and electro & photo-electrocatalytic oxidation in degrading carmine dye was compared. The study found that graphene-modified SrO nanoparticles showed improved photocatalytic activity and the 0.25G-SrO catalyst achieved high degradation efficiency for methylene blue dye under UV light.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohammad Y. Alshahrani, Essam H. Ibrahim, Mohammed Asiri, Mona Kilany, Ali G. Alkhathami, Mohammed N. Alshahrani, Harish C. Chandramoorthy
Summary: The addition of lycopene to the extract enhances the antioxidant and antibacterial activities, showing potential inhibition against multidrug-resistant bacteria.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
K. Morsy, S. B. Dajem, A. Alghamdi, A. El-kott, E. Ibrahim, K. Attia, A. Al-Doaiss, H. El-Mekkawy, N. Sheraba, A. Baiomy, M. Fahmy, F. Shalaby
Summary: In 2020, 52 marine fish specimens were caught from boat landing sites along the Alexandria coast in Egypt. Among them, 30 fish were found to be infected with three different parasitic species, which can negatively impact fish health and lead to consumers rejecting the fish.
ARQUIVO BRASILEIRO DE MEDICINA VETERINARIA E ZOOTECNIA
(2023)
Article
Parasitology
Kareem Morsy, Saad Bin Dajem, Mohammed Al-Kahtani, Attalla El-Kott, Essam Ibrahim, Hamida Hamdi, Amin Al-Doaiss, Mohamed Abumandour, Haitham El-Mekkawy, Diaa Massoud, Asmaa Adel, Shams Abd El-Kareem
Summary: Members of the order Trypanorhyncha are cestode parasites that infect the muscles of marine fish, affecting fish health and consumer behavior. This study identified four different species of parasites and confirmed their taxonomic position through molecular analysis. The results emphasize the importance of removing parasites during the commercialization of fish.
REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Essam Hassan Ibrahim, Mohammad Yahya Alshahrani, Hamed Ali Ghramh, Hani Alothaid, Mona Kilany, Kareem Morsy, Ramadan Taha, Khalid Mushabab Al Syaad, Haitham Ibrahim El-Mekkawy, Gamal Awad EL-Shaboury, Ahmed Abdel Aziz El-Mansi, Ahmad Alamri, Mahmoud Ahmed Sayed, Ibrahim Sayed Yahia, Rahaf Mohammed Hussein Alshareef, Badria Mohammed Al-Shehri, Mohammed Elimam Ahamed Mohammed
Summary: This study investigated the biological effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOE) alone or in combination with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on colon cancer and microbial cell growth. The results showed that MOE had mild antibacterial effects and increased apoptosis and p53 protein expression in colon cancer cells. MOE also arrested cell cycle at G2/M phase and stimulated splenic cell growth. Both extract preparations exhibited antioxidant activities. Thus, MOE can be utilized as an anticancer agent.
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hamed A. Ghramh, Rahmah N. Al-Qthanin, Zubair Ahmad, Khalid Ali Khan, Essam H. Ibrahim, Habeeb Mansour A. Al-Solami, Ahlam Khalofah, Abeer Alahmari, Farhat S. Khan, Asma N. Asiri, Sally Negm, Mogbel Ahmed Abdalla El-Niweri, Fawziah M. Asiri
Summary: This study investigated the larvicidal toxicity of silver nanoparticles synthesized from the ethanol extract of S. palmeri against 4th instar larvae of Ae aegypti. The results showed that the silver nanoparticles were more effective in killing mosquitoes compared to the original extract.
FRESENIUS ENVIRONMENTAL BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Essam H. Ibrahim, Attalla F. El-kott, Ali Alshehri, Mona Kilany, Reza Yavari, Salahud Din, Diaa Massoud
Summary: The morphology and histology of the tongue in two adult Asian bears were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy, revealing four types of papillae. The tongue was covered by a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, with a dense connective tissue making up the lamina propria and thick masses of striated muscles forming the bulk of the tongue. Lingual salivary glands with seromucous secretions were also present in the lingual root.
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hamed A. Ghramh, Rahmah N. Al-Qthanin, Zubair Ahmad, Essam H. Ibrahim, Mona Kilany, Khalid Ali Khan, Habeeb Mansour A. Al-Solami, Ahlam Khalofah, Abeer Alahmari, Farhat S. Khan, Ahmad M. Alamri, Asma N. Asiri, Fawziah M. Asiri
Summary: Gold nanoparticles (MiAuNPs) synthesized using an eco-friendly method with Melilotus indicus L. extract showed significant antimicrobial, anticancer, and larvicidal activities, inhibiting the growth of various microorganisms and cell lines while displaying toxic effects on larvae of the common house mosquito.
SCIENCE OF ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Nermin A. El-Semary, Mona Mabrouk, Ahmed H. Faraag, Mona Kilany, Shymaa H. Omran, Hamed A. Ghramh, Ali Alshehri, Essam H. Ibrahim, Kareem Morsy, Attalla F. El-Kott, Mahmoud A. Sayed, Yousef El Sayed
Summary: The research focused on bio-synthesizing silver nanoparticles using Phormidium sp. extract, which showed potential as an eco-friendly, time-saving strategy with medicinal significance. The combination of extract with AgNPs proved to be effective against MRSA, highlighting the antimicrobial potential of the produced particles.
SCIENCE OF ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
G. A. El-Shaboury, H. A. Ghramh, E. H. Ibrahim, S. A. Haroun
Summary: The study found that raw sewage sludge can induce DNA damage in Vicia faba roots, but this effect diminishes during natural attenuation. Additionally, concentrations of toxins decreased during the natural attenuation periods.
APPLIED ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)