Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Pishoy Gouda, Robert Kay, Marina Habib, Amir Aziz, Eitan Aziza, Robert Welsh
Summary: Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is a multisystem connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in the transforming growth factor 1 signalling pathway. It is characterized by features such as aortic aneurysms and dissections, arterial tortuosity, and high arched palate. Different types of LDS have varying clinical features and complications, with LDS Type 2 being associated with more severe aortic disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Pierluigi Zaza, Flavia Indrio, Annalisa Fracchiolla, Matteo Rinaldi, Giovanni Meliota, Alessia Salatto, Antonio Bonacaro, Gianfranco Maffei
Summary: Loeys-Dietz syndrome is a rare genetic disorder with diverse manifestations, diagnosis relies on genetic testing, and early diagnosis is crucial for prognosis.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Daniel Maghsoudi, Thomas R. W. Nixon, Martin P. Snead
Summary: Loeys-Dietz syndrome is a connective tissue disorder similar to Marfan syndrome, but retinal detachment is rarely reported. This study reports a 5-generation family affected by LDS, where 6 eyes of 4 individuals had retinal detachment. The study suggests that ophthalmic examination should be added to the initial assessment of LDS patients and patients should be informed of the early warning symptoms of retinal detachment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yoshimasa Seike, Hitoshi Matsuda, Yosuke Inoue, Hiroaki Sasaki, Hiroko Morisaki, Takayuki Morisaki, Junjiro Kobayashi
Summary: This study compares the surgical outcomes between Marfan syndrome with mutations in the fibrillin gene and Loeys-Dietz syndrome with mutations in transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 and 2. The results show that Loeys-Dietz syndrome patients have higher rates of reoperation, particularly for aortic arch. The study suggests that aggressive arch surgery should be recommended in the initial operation for Loeys-Dietz syndrome patients to prevent additional aortic events.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Przemyslaw Chmielewski, Joanna K. Poninska, Ewa Michalak, Ilona Michalowska, Ilona Kowalik, Grazyna Truszkowska, Monika Kugaudo, Ilona Minota, Piotr Stawinski, Rafal Ploski, Zofia T. Bilinska
Summary: Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is an inherited connective tissue disorder associated with aortic complications, commonly occurring in young individuals. This study analyzed clinical data of LDS patients and observed a high prevalence of cardiovascular complications.
KARDIOLOGIA POLSKA
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Wenting Wang, Hui Man, Jie Zhang, Penglin Yu, Shuchan Li, Xinyan Xu, Nan Li
Summary: Ocular findings in LDS patients, particularly the fundus, are rarely reported, but should be carefully examined to identify potential issues.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Jun W. Jeon, Julie Christensen, Jennifer Chisholm, Christopher Zalewski, Marjohn Rasooly, Caeden Dempsey, Alaina Magnani, Pamela Frischmeyer-Guerrerio, Carmen C. Brewer, Hung Jeffrey Kim
Summary: LDS is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a wide spectrum of aortic aneurysm and arterial tortuosity. This study focused on the audiologic, otologic, and craniofacial manifestations of LDS, finding that conductive hearing loss, bifid uvula/cleft palate, and tympanic membrane perforation are more common in certain types of LDS. Sensorineural hearing loss, on the other hand, is only present in specific types of LDS.
OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anna L. Huguenard, Gabrielle W. Johnson, Rupen R. Desai, Joshua W. Osbun, Ralph G. Dacey, Alan C. Braverman
Summary: This study evaluated the incidence of phenotypic abnormalities, craniofacial features, and Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) in patients with Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS), as well as explored possible risk factors for the development of intracranial aneurysms. The results showed a significant association between CM-I and the presence of intracranial aneurysms, while the craniofacial severity index (CFI) was not correlated. Therefore, surveillance for intracranial aneurysms should be conducted in all LDS patients, regardless of the severity of their phenotypes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Francesco Baldo, Laura Morra, Agnese Feresin, Flavio Faletra, Yasmin Al Naber, Luigi Memo, Laura Travan
Summary: Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by cardiovascular manifestations, craniofacial and skeletal features, and other abnormalities. Early diagnosis is crucial in preventing complications. Case reports and literature review suggest that early intervention can modify the natural history of the disease, highlighting the multiple benefits of early diagnosis.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Daniel Badin, Harry C. Dietz III, Paul D. Sponseller
Summary: Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is characterized by a wide spectrum of musculoskeletal manifestations, including foot deformities. In this study, we aimed to describe the incidence and characteristics of foot deformities in LDS. Retrospective analysis of 120 LDS patients revealed that 81% had at least one foot deformity, with bilateral foot deformities being highly prevalent. The most common deformities were pes planovalgus and talipes equinovarus.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ORTHOPAEDICS-PART B
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shely Azrad-Daniel, Corina Cupa-Galvan, Sion Farca-Soffer, Fernando Perez-Zincer, Maria Elena Lopez-Acosta
Summary: This article presents a case study of a 35-year-old female with Loeys-Dietz syndrome type 4, who presented with lower gastrointestinal bleeding and severe abdominal pain. Computed tomography revealed vascular tortuosity in almost every abdominal vein.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Laia Brunet-Garcia, Pirasuja Prabaharan, Luc Bruyndonckx, Ella Field, Felice DArco, Claudio Capelli, Elena Cervi
Summary: This study investigated the differences in tortuosity index (TI) between genotypes of LDS and found that patients with LDS and TGFBR2 variants have greater values of TI. The greatest values of TI are associated with increased aortic root z-scores. As time progresses, TI decreases and less frequent follow-up can be considered.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Dong Zhou, Hao Feng, Ying Yang, Tingting Huang, Ping Qiu, Chengxin Zhang, Timothy R. Olsen, Jifeng Zhang, Y. Eugene Chen, Dogukan Mizrak, Bo Yang
Summary: This study reveals that a pathogenic TGFBR1 variant causes lineage-specific SMC defects informing the etiology of LDS-associated aortic root aneurysm. As a potential pharmacological strategy, our results highlight a combination treatment with activin A and rapamycin that can rescue the SMC defects caused by the variant.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Felipe Sanchez Tijmes, Victor Siang Hua Chan, Jillian Murphy, Dalia Abdulmonem L. Hashem, Kate Hanneman, Rachel M. Wald, Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, Maral Ouzounian, Erwin Oechslin, Gauri R. Karur
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of mitral annular disjunction (MAD) on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in Loeys-Dietz Syndrome (LDS) and found that MAD is highly prevalent in LDS, associated with progressive aortic dilatation and aortic events at younger age. MAD may be a marker of disease severity necessitating close surveillance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Monica Chivulescu, Kirsten Krohg-Sorensen, Esther Scheirlynck, Beate R. Lindberg, Lars A. Dejgaard, Oyvind H. Lie, Thomas Helle-Valle, Eystein T. Skjolsvik, Mette E. Estensen, Thor Edvardsen, Per S. Lingaas, Kristina H. Haugaa
Summary: The study found a high prevalence of MAD in patients with MFS and LDS, and MAD was closely associated with aortic events and the need for mitral valve surgery, suggesting that MAD may be a marker of severe disease in MFS and LDS patients.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
S. Demirdas, E. Dulfer, L. Robert, M. Kempers, D. van Beek, D. Micha, B. G. van Engelen, B. Hamel, J. Schalkwijk, B. Loeys, A. Maugeri, N. C. Voermans
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Salima El Chehadeh, Wilhelmina S. Kerstjens-Frederikse, Julien Thevenon, Paul Kuentz, Ange-Line Bruel, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Candace Bensignor, Helene Dollfus, Vincent Laugel, Jean-Baptiste Riviere, Yannis Duffourd, Caroline Bonnet, Matthieu P. Robert, Rodica Isaiko, Morgane Straub, Catherine Creuzot-Garcher, Patrick Calvas, Nicolas Chassaing, Bart Loeys, Edwin Reyniers, Geert Vandeweyer, Frank Kooy, Miroslava Hancarova, Marketa Havlovicova, Darina Prchalova, Zdenek Sedlacek, Christian Gilissen, Rolph Pfundt, Jolien S. Klein Wassink-Ruiter, Laurence Faivre
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2017)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Josephina A. N. Meester, Geert Vandeweyer, Isabel Pintelon, Martin Lammens, Lana Van Hoorick, Simon De Belder, Kathryn Waitzman, Luciana Young, Larry W. Markham, Julie Vogt, Julie Richer, Luc M. Beauchesne, Sheila Unger, Andrea Superti-Furga, Milan Prsa, Rami Dhillon, Edwin Reyniers, Harry C. Dietz, Wim Wuyts, Geert Mortier, Aline Verstraeten, Lut Van Laer, Bart L. Loeys
GENETICS IN MEDICINE
(2017)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Natalie D. Shaw, Harrison Brand, Zachary A. Kupchinsky, Hemant Bengani, Lacey Plummer, Takako I. Jones, Serkan Erdin, Kathleen A. Williamson, Joe Rainger, Alexei Stortchevoi, Kaitlin Samocha, Benjamin B. Curra, Donncha S. Dunican, Ryan L. Collins, Jason R. Willer, Angela Lek, Monkol Lek, Malik Nassan, Shahrin Pereira, Tammy Kammin, Diane Lucente, Alexandra Silva, Catarina M. Seabra, Colby Chiang, Yu Ana, Morad Ansari, Jacqueline K. Rainger, Shelagh Joss, Jill Clayton Smith, Margaret F. Lippincott, Sylvia S. Singh, Nirav Patel, Jenny W. Jing, Jennifer R. Law, Nalton Ferraro, Main Verloes, Anita Rauch, Katharina Steindl, Markus Zweier, Ianina Scheer, Daisuke Sato, Nobuhiko Okamoto, Christina Jacobsen, Jeanie Tryggestad, Steven Chernausek, Lisa A. Schimmenti, Benjamin Brasseur, Claudia Cesaretti, Jose E. Garcia-Ortiz, Tatiana Pineda Buitrago, Orlando Perez Silva, Jodi D. Hoffman, Wolfgang Muehlbauer, Klaus W. Ruprecht, Bart L. Loeys, Masato Shino, Angela M. Kaind, Chie-Hee Cho, Cynthia C. Morton, Richard R. Meehan, Veronica van Heyningen, Eric C. Liao, Ravikumar Balasubramanian, Janet E. Hall, Stephanie B. Seminara, Daniel Macarthur, Steven A. Moore, Koh-ichiro Yoshiura, James F. Gusella, Joseph A. Marsh, John M. Graham, Angela E. Lin, Nicholas Katsanis, Peter L. Jones, William F. Crowley, Erica E. Davis, David R. FitzPatrick, Michael E. Talkowski
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Aline Verstraeten, Ilse Luyckx, Bart Loeys
NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY
(2017)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Joe Davis Velchev, Aline Verstraeten, Bart Loeys
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksandra Nijak, Johan Saenen, Alain J. Labro, Dorien Schepers, Bart L. Loeys, Maaike Alaerts
Summary: Brugada syndrome is an inherited cardiac arrhythmia that can lead to ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. The use of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) offers new opportunities for studying complex cardiac arrhythmia syndromes. iPSC-CMs are considered the best in vitro model for researching Brugada syndrome and other arrhythmias.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Silke Peeters, Pauline De Kinderen, Josephina A. N. Meester, Aline Verstraeten, Bart L. Loeys
Summary: This article explores the phenotypic and molecular similarities between Marfan syndrome and acromelic dysplasias caused by pathogenic variants in the FBN1 and FBN2 genes. The parallel functional study of these disorders may provide insights into the effects of fibrillin variants on the microfibril network and growth factor homeostasis, leading to the development of new therapeutic approaches.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hanne M. Boen, Bart L. Loeys, Maaike Alaerts, Johan B. Saenen, Inge Goovaerts, Lut Van Laer, Anne Vorlat, Tom Vermeulen, Constantijn Franssen, Patrick Pauwels, Inez Rodrigus, Hein Heidbuchel, Emeline M. Van Craenenbroeck
Summary: The study investigates the yield and importance of genetic testing in heart transplant patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. The results show that genetic testing in these patients can establish a molecular diagnosis and is recommended for identifying at-risk relatives, regardless of family history or second precipitating factors.
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Joe Davis Velchev, Aline Verstraeten, Josephina Meester, Peter Ponsaerts, Julie Richer, Maaike Alaerts, Bart Loeys
Summary: This study generated an induced pluripotent stem cell line from a severely affected Loeys-Dietz Syndrome patient and demonstrated its pluripotency, providing a valuable tool for studying and targeting the cellular mechanisms of SMAD3-related LDS.
STEM CELL RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Aline Verstraeten, Ivanna Fedoryshchenko, Bart Loeys
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Ilse Luyckx, Aline Verstraeten, Marie-Jose Goumans, Bart Loeys
Summary: This article reviews the clinical and genetic similarities of three diseases related to SMAD6, compares mouse models, and discusses the cellular mechanisms of SMAD6 in the development of these diseases. The importance of further research to improve molecular diagnosis, advance therapeutic strategies, and provide counseling for patients and their families is also emphasized.
NPJ GENOMIC MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eline Simons, Bart Loeys, Maaike Alaerts
Summary: The discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells has allowed the generation of various cell types, including iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, for different purposes such as disease modelling and drug discovery. While 2D iPSC-CM models have shown promise, they are less mature compared to adult cardiomyocytes. Novel approaches are being developed to create 3D models with added cell types, improving maturity and physiological relevance. This review focuses on the progress in modelling inherited cardiac arrhythmias using both 2D and 3D models, and their application in therapy development and drug testing.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Lotte J. F. Van Den Heuvel, Silke Peeters, Josephina A. N. Meester, Melanie Perik, Paul Coucke, Bart L. Loeys
Summary: Marfan syndrome is a connective tissue disorder characterized by manifestations in the ocular, skeletal, and cardiovascular system, often caused by pathogenic variants in the FBN1 gene. We have generated an induced pluripotent cell (iPSC) line from a Marfan syndrome patient with an FBN1 c.7754T > C (p. Ile2585Thr) variant. The iPSC line derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed no copy number alterations, expressed pluripotency markers, and could differentiate into three germ layers while maintaining the original genotype.
STEM CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Silke Peeters, Ivanna Fedoryshchenko, Laura Rabaut, Aline Verstraeten, Bart L. Loeys
Summary: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a connective tissue disorder that affects the ocular, skeletal, and cardiovascular systems. It is caused by pathogenic variants in the FBN1 gene. This study successfully generated an induced pluripotent cell (iPSC) line from a MFS patient carrying a FBN1 c.5372G > A (p.Cys1791Tyr) variant. The iPSCs exhibited normal characteristics and maintained the original genotype.
STEM CELL RESEARCH
(2023)