Article
Optics
Ming-Che Chan, Qi-Xin Liu, Ankur Gogoi, Wei-Hsun Wang, Chin-Yu Lin, Guan-Yu Zhuo
Summary: In this work, a novel strategy based on the SHG signals of first-order modulation (1M) is presented to enhance the image contrast/SNR in SHG-LSM. By using 1M signal for image acquisition, the image contrast is increased by more than a factor of two and the image acquisition time is shortened by a factor of 2.5.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Liang Chen, Meisong Liao, Xia Li, Penwen Kuan, Wanjun Bi, Tianxing Wang, Weiqing Gao, Lili Hu
Summary: This paper presents the first systematic study on second harmonic generation based on a supercontinuum source. The effect of supercontinuum beam diameter and crystal length on second harmonics generation was analyzed, and the walk-off effect on second harmonics was also investigated. A tunable ultraviolet in the range of 285-340 nm was obtained with the pump of a visible supercontinuum, providing a theoretical basis for improving second harmonic power and optimizing crystal and beam diameters.
IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chenshuang Zhang, Fangrui Lin, Yong Zhang, Haozhi Yang, Danying Lin, Jun He, Changrui Liao, Xiaoyu Weng, Liwei Liu, Yiping Wang, Bin Yu, Junle Qu
Summary: MSIM-SHG is a novel approach that combines second-harmonic generation (SHG) with multifocal structured illumination microscopy (MSIM) to achieve super-resolution imaging. It has wide applications in imaging material molecules and quantifying collagen fiber alignment, showing potential for clinical diagnosis and biological research.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Binghao Yu, Qiang Hao, Cheng Tang, Kangwen Yang, Huaixi Chen, Wanguo Liang, Heping Zeng
Summary: In this paper, we demonstrate the creation of a femtosecond green laser using a MgO-doped periodically poled lithium niobate crystal pumped by a home-made Yb-doped MOPA laser system. The laser system produces stable laser pulses with high conversion efficiency and low intensity fluctuations, making it suitable for two-photon photopolymerization applications.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ziwei Yu, Shiqi Cao, Yingjie Zhao, Yangwu Guo, Meiqiu Dong, Yue Fu, Jinjin Zhao, Jingrun Yang, Lei Jiang, Yuchen Wu
Summary: In this study, lead-free chiral 2D double perovskites were designed and single-crystalline arrays with regulated geometry, pure orientation, and high crystallinity were prepared using the capillary-bridge confined assembly technique. Compared with polycrystalline thin-film counterparts, the microwire arrays demonstrated linearly polarized second harmonic generation (SHG) and higher SHG conversion efficiency.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xuan He, Bin Zhang, Chuan Guo, Linyong Yang, Jing Hou
Summary: The study demonstrates a high burst energy linear-polarization, narrowband fiber-bulk hybrid laser with second-harmonic generation. By utilizing active modulated burst-mode seed and three-stage fiber amplifiers, the burst energy is increased to 4 mJ. Furthermore, pre-compensation for rectangular burst envelopes can be achieved through iteration method.
IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Marcos Matias Motta, Rafael Fantelli Stelini, Davi Reis Calderoni, Rovilson Gilioli, Gislaine Vieira Damiani, Carlos Lenz Cesar, Paulo Kharmandayan
Summary: The study evaluated the effect of fractional CO2 laser treatment using lower power associated with pulse stacking on collagen fibers. Results showed statistically significant anisotropy when mildest parameters were used. Changes in entropy and density did not show significant differences among different areas.
ACTA CIRURGICA BRASILEIRA
(2021)
Article
Optics
Shin Nakamura, Masahiro Sato, Takashi Fujii, Akiko Kumada, Yuji Oishi
Summary: The paper introduces a method for electric field measurement based on second-harmonic generation, proposing a new approach to calibrate and restore the electric field distribution by changing the focusing spot position.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ozum Emre Asirim, Mustafa Kuzuoglu
Summary: The length of the interaction material along the beam propagation axis strongly affects the efficiency of second harmonic generation (SHGE). This study demonstrates that by adjusting the conduction-band electron density in a semiconductor nanomaterial under optical pumping, the SHGE can be effectively tuned from low to high. This tunability is only valid for small-scale materials, and the experimentally verified computational model shows unprecedented SHGE values for Ga-As and silicon nanomaterials.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fan Yang, Cristian Ciraci
Summary: We present a theoretical study on second-harmonic generation from a singular metasurface, which strongly interacts with incident light and generates intense surface polarization, resulting in the generation of second-harmonic field. By using transformation optics, the calculation of nonlinear optical response is simplified, and the dependence on the incident angle is weak, making it potentially useful for all-angle harmonic generation. Furthermore, we investigate the symmetry dependence of second-harmonic generation in the far field and demonstrate an enhanced conversion efficiency under normal incidence by breaking the surface inversion symmetry.
Article
Optics
R. Biswal, O. Prakash, S. K. Dixit
Summary: This paper presents the comprehensive studies on high power second harmonic deep ultraviolet generation from a low temperature, high repetition rate copper laser with different optical resonators, pump-beam focusing condition and pump powers. The experimental results show the variation in UV average output powers and conversion efficiencies under different conditions, and analyze the relationship between beam quality attributes and thermal effects.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Young Chul Kim, Hoseong Yoo, Van Tu Nguyen, Soonil Lee, Ji-Yong Park, Yeong Hwan Ahn
Summary: In this study, a high-speed second-harmonic generation (SHG) imaging technique was used for in situ characterization of transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers and twisted bilayers. The SHG imaging allowed rapid identification of crystallinity, orientation, and homogeneity of the TMD with a speed of 1 frame/s. The research also revealed the SHG peak intensity and angles variation with the twist angle in twisted bilayer MoS2 under strong interlayer coupling, as well as the threshold behavior of laser-induced ablation in MoS2 monolayers and bilayers.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Stefan R. Anton, Rosa M. Martinez-Ojeda, Radu Hristu, George A. Stanciu, Antonela Toma, Cosmin K. Banica, Enrique J. Fernandez, Mikko J. Huttunen, Juan M. Bueno, Stefan G. Stanciu
Summary: Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy (SHG) is a valuable tool for non-invasively identifying and monitoring changes in collagen structures of tissues. However, the interpretation of SHG data can be challenging, hindering its clinical translation. This study explores the use of Deep Learning models to automatically detect corneal edema in SHG images with promising results, potentially paving the way for precision diagnostics of the cornea with Deep-Learning assisted SHG imaging.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
S. Lafane, P. H. Neethling, Y. Khereddine, S. Malek, S. Abdelli-Messaci
Summary: Optical second harmonic generation has been demonstrated for the first time from VO2 thin films using an 800nm femtosecond Ti:Sapphire laser. The quality of the films grown on different substrates, glass and alumina, was found to vary, resulting in differences in the observed properties.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Daniel Matteo, Eric Welch, Sergei Tochitsky, Peter G. Schunemann, Shekhar Guha, Chan Joshi
Summary: This study presents a comparative analysis of AgGaSe2, GaSe, CdGeAs2, and Te for second harmonic generation (SHG) at high intensities. The results demonstrate an external energy conversion efficiency of >20% in AgGaSe2, and >5% in GaSe and CdGeAs2. However, self-focusing and multifilamentation severely limit the SHG process in CdGeAs2 and Te at such high fields.
Article
Immunology
Chris P. Verschoor, Melissa K. Andrew, Mark Loeb, Graham Pawelec, Laura Haynes, George A. Kuchel, Janet E. McElhaney
Summary: Efforts to develop better vaccines for older adults are ongoing, with a focus on identifying correlates of vaccine effectiveness and understanding health outcome heterogeneity. A 4-year randomized trial found that antibody titres for A/H3N2 and IFN-γ:IL-10 ratio increments may be valuable and complementary correlates of protection against laboratory-confirmed influenza illness in vaccinated older adults.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ellen F. Binder, Jesse C. Christensen, Jennifer Stevens-Lapsley, Jenna Bartley, Sarah D. Berry, Adrian S. Dobs, Richard H. Fortinsky, Kerry L. Hildreth, Douglas P. Kiel, George A. Kuchel, Robin L. Marcus, Christine M. McDonough, Denise Orwig, David R. Sinacore, Robert S. Schwartz, Elena Volpi, Jay Magaziner, Kenneth B. Schechtman
Summary: The study aims to compare the effects of different treatments on female hip fracture patients aged 65 and older, including testing the synergistic effects of strength training and testosterone replacement on functional recovery. The results are expected to have significant clinical and public health implications for managing hip fracture patients.
CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL TRIALS
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Chia-Ling Kuo, Luke C. Pilling, Janice L. Atkins, Jane A. H. Masoli, Joao Delgado, Christopher Tignanelli, George A. Kuchel, David Melzer, Kenneth B. Beckman, Morgan E. Levine
Summary: The study found that increased biological age, beyond chronological age, is associated with COVID-19 disease severity. More specifically, past estimates of biological age were correlated with increased risk of inpatient test positivity and COVID-19-related mortality.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Cara C. Hardy, Iman M. Al-Naggar, Chia-Ling Kuo, George A. Kuchel, Phillip P. Smith
Summary: The study using a lifespan mouse model and related experiments found an increase in heterogeneity of HCN expression in bladder control with aging, which may lead to a decrease in response precision to neuroendocrine control. The results support the role of HCN in neuroendocrine/paracrine integration and suggest a loss of precision in neuroendocrine control associated with aging.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Garan Jones, Katerina Trajanoska, Adam J. Santanasto, Najada Stringa, Chia-Ling Kuo, Janice L. Atkins, Joshua R. Lewis, ThuyVy Duong, Shengjun Hong, Mary L. Biggs, Jian'an Luan, Chloe Sarnowski, Kathryn L. Lunetta, Toshiko Tanaka, Mary K. Wojczynski, Ryan Cvejkus, Maria Nethander, Sahar Ghasemi, Jingyun Yang, M. Carola Zillikens, Stefan Walter, Kamil Sicinski, Erika Kague, Cheryl L. Ackert-Bicknell, Dan E. Arking, B. Gwen Windham, Eric Boerwinkle, Megan L. Grove, Misa Graff, Dominik Spira, Ilja Demuth, Nathalie van der Velde, Lisette C. P. G. M. de Groot, Bruce M. Psaty, Michelle C. Odden, Alison E. Fohner, Claudia Langenberg, Nicholas J. Wareham, Stefania Bandinelli, Natasja M. van Schoor, Martijn Huisman, Qihua Tan, Joseph Zmuda, Dan Mellstrom, Magnus Karlsson, David A. Bennett, Aron S. Buchman, Philip L. De Jager, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Uwe Voelker, Thomas Kocher, Alexander Teumer, Leocadio Rodriguez-Manas, Francisco J. Garcia, Jose A. Carnicero, Pamela Herd, Lars Bertram, Claes Ohlsson, Joanne M. Murabito, David Melzer, George A. Kuchel, Luigi Ferrucci, David Karasik, Fernando Rivadeneira, Douglas P. Kiel, Luke C. Pilling
Summary: Low muscle strength is a heritable indicator of poor health in older people, with genetic loci associated with muscle weakness identified through genome-wide meta-analysis. Possible causal relationships with diabetes susceptibility, hematological parameters, and the immune system were also discovered using Mendelian randomization. The distinct mechanisms of muscle weakness from continuous strength were highlighted, shedding light on potential pathways involved in ageing.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Shuying Yang, Sergey V. Plotnikov
Summary: Cells in the human body respond to environmental cues, and tissue mechanics play a key role in disease development. During inflammation, tissue stiffness is upregulated, promoting immune cell response and fibrotic phenotype formation.
Article
Cell Biology
Yueying Zhou, Iman M. A. Al-Naggar, Po-Jung Chen, Nathan S. Gasek, Ke Wang, Shivam Mehta, George A. Kuchel, Sumit Yadav, Ming Xu
Summary: Aging is a major risk factor for joint disorders, and TMJ degeneration in older age can significantly impact quality of life without effective treatment options. This study demonstrates that pharmaceutical intervention targeting cellular senescence can alleviate age-related TMJ degeneration, suggesting potential for future clinical trials with senolytics proven to be relatively safe in human studies.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Emi Ampo, Ana Paula Mendes-Silva, Vanessa Goncalves, Jenna M. Bartley, George A. Kuchel, Breno S. Diniz
Summary: This study evaluated the levels of circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA), a marker of cellular stress and damage, in older adults with late-life depression (LLD) and frailty. The coexistence of LLD and frailty was associated with higher levels of ccf-mtDNA, suggesting a common biological mechanism of cellular stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. This finding offers potential opportunities for future interventions guided by geroscience.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Loren M. DeVito, Nir Barzilai, Ana Maria Cuervo, Laura J. Niedernhofer, Sofiya Milman, Morgan Levine, Daniel Promislow, Luigi Ferrucci, George A. Kuchel, Joan Mannick, Jamie Justice, Mitzi M. Gonzales, James L. Kirkland, Pinchas Cohen, Judith Campisi
Summary: Geroscience posits that aging is malleable and by targeting the hallmarks of biological aging, age-related diseases can be alleviated and longevity extended. Experts have made significant advancements in understanding the mechanisms underlying biological aging and identified ways to target aging pathways. Proof-of-concept studies and early-stage clinical trials are underway to assess the feasibility of drug evaluation in geroscience.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2022)
Letter
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Chia-Ling Kuo, Luke C. Pilling, Janice L. Atkins, Richard H. Fortinsky, George A. Kuchel, David Melzer
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Lichao Wang, Binsheng Wang, Nathan S. Gasek, Yueying Zhou, Rachel L. Cohn, Dominique E. Martin, Wulin Zuo, William F. Flynn, Chun Guo, Evan R. Jellison, Taewan Kim, Larissa G. P. Langhi Prata, Allyson K. Palmer, Ming Li, Christina L. Inman, Lauren S. Barber, Iman M. A. Al-Naggar, Yanjiao Zhou, Wenqiang Du, Kshitiz, George A. Kuchel, Alexander Meves, Tamar Tchkonia, James L. Kirkland, Paul Robson, Ming Xu
Summary: This study identifies a small population of p21 high-expressing cells that accumulate in adipose tissue with obesity and shows that intermittent clearance of these cells can prevent and alleviate insulin resistance. Inactivation of the NF-kB pathway within these cells attenuates insulin resistance. Additionally, a drug combination of dasatinib and quercetin can eliminate p21 high-expressing cells in human fat and mitigate insulin resistance.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Matthew Pittman, Ernest Iu, Keva Li, Mingjiu Wang, Junjie Chen, Nilay Taneja, Myung Hyun Jo, Seungman Park, Wei-Hung Jung, Le Liang, Ishan Barman, Taekjip Ha, Stavros Gaitanaros, Jian Liu, Dylan Burnette, Sergey Plotnikov, Yun Chen
Summary: Cell behaviour is influenced by the physical forces and mechanical properties of both cells and their microenvironment. This study explores the effect of viscosity, an important component of the cellular microenvironment, on cell behaviour. The results show that cells respond in a similar manner to elevated viscosity, with increased spread area, focal adhesion formation and turnover, traction forces, and migration speed. Cells utilize membrane ruffling to sense changes in extracellular fluid viscosity and trigger adaptive responses.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chia-Ling Kuo, Ben Kirk, Meiruo Xiang, Luke C. C. Pilling, George A. A. Kuchel, Richard Kremer, Gustavo Duque
Summary: This study examined the relationship between vitamin D levels and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in older participants. It found that low or extremely low vitamin D levels were associated with shorter LTL, as well as high vitamin D levels. However, these associations may be influenced by unmeasured confounders.
Review
Cell Biology
Nathan S. Gasek, George A. Kuchel, James L. Kirkland, Ming Xu
Summary: Cellular senescence is a unique cell fate that plays a role in development and wound healing, while also limiting tumor formation. However, the pathologic accumulation of senescent cells is associated with various diseases and age-related morbidities. Research shows that treatments targeting senescent cells through apoptosis induction or inhibition of senescence-related secretory phenotype are beneficial for geriatric decline and chronic diseases.
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander Myrka, Ryan Frost, Domenic Distefano, Sergey Plotnikov, Leslie Buck
